Torsening Feature ec y Leng S 1 5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 + 盈 29,2,40. 2.815, 8,10.18 10.36 10,14, 1.35.19, 2827 53431 6,29,4, 1512 6,2,34、 28 37 37.40 35,40 39 1840 35 38 19,1,32 34,31 19 Wolght of stationary objoct 10.1.29 35.30, 5351 810.19 1329 13,10. 2流3,1， 28210, 2,27.19 28,19 181 1519 35 13.2 2 35 10.18 29,14 40 27 3222 19,32,35 281 18.22 28.15 Length of moving object 8,15,29 15.17,4 7,17,4, 1,8,10.1815. 83529, 3 34 35 3.48 17,104 1,835 29 34 34 19 10,1s19 32 835,24 1.35 7.2.36 39 Length of stationary objoct 35,28. 17,7.0 13.14. 1514. 3,35,38, 40,29 40 2 28,10 1.14.35 15.7 337,35 2825 1,10.35 18 a25 128 628 Area of moving object 217,29. 1415, + 7.14,17, 29,304 4 184 4. 34 是 路 5,34,29, 11.21 31540, 63 1532. 1932 g10 4 39 14 之1516 19,13 3218 Area of stationary objoct 302,14, 267.气 1,18,3510.15 2,10.19 18 3的 36 36.37 2,38 40 30 35,39,38 17,32 17,7,30 Volume of moving object 11529 17,4,35 1.7.4.17 15.35 2810,191415, 34,39. 36,37 37 4 39 6.354 2,13,10 35 Volume of stationary objoct 盘投 1914 6县 2,1837 24.35 7,2,35 3534.3站 35,64 30.6 Spacd 2,28,13 1314,8 29,30.34 7,29,34 13.28 气，18.38. 35,15. 2833,1, 8325, 3.1935 28,30. 10,13,9 81535, 9 38 1519 40 18,24 18 14 35.2 38 整 格码 0 Force (intensity) 8,1,37.1813,1, 17.199, 18 28 35 2810 19.10,15 多2 2318， 1328 10,35, 3510, 1.1低3筑 7 1512 + 18,21,11 40,34 3510,21 1427 192 35.10.21 1917,10 37 报路 14,15 11 Stress or pressuro 品6 格得 351036 格 的 6,35,10 3524 63536 36,3521 3533,2 40 19,327 受 妆益 0,35,14 2.36,25 Shape 810,29. 15,10, 29345, 1314 534.4 14,4,15, 7.235 3线15 35.10 34,15 3这1,18， 3014 14,2益9 22,14 26,34 40 25,3 4 10.7 0 22 3418 37.40 10.14 4 1040 25 19.32 13,15,32 14 4.62 14 21,35.2.2流39,1 13.151, 13 Stability of the object's composition 39 40 28 2.11,13 9 得 3428, 3这15 0.35 35,40 2流18 21,16 2,35.40 22,1,18 17.915 13.27. 39,335 35,1,32 32,3.27 1319 27,429 32.35 14,2.39 4 10.35 23 1 18 27,31 14 Strength 监格 马，40,28 40. 1317,35 27,326 30,1040 35,19 19.35,10 35 35 Duration of action of moving objoct 19,534. 31 2199 3.17.19 10,2,19 30 3355 19,216 19,327 14,26 + 2,19,4 2这635， 19.10 28,25 13,3,35 27.310 19,3539 35 18 35.3势 16 点27,19， 1,4035 3534,38 33,35, 19,8. Duration of action by statlonary objoct 1 23 36.40 6 22.35,32 15199 15.199 3. 35,38 监品 356,4 骑翌 135,32 9,133的 弥福 3 站品 Illumination intensity 1位，1,32 235,32 1931 19,220 2,13,10 10.1319 2616 32,30 3这，3,27 3或19 2.195 32,35,19 + 3边1,19 32,351, 2 13,6,1, 15 6 9 Use of energy by moving objoct 12,18,28. 1228 15.19,25 35,13,18 83535 626 23,14.2512,2,29 19.13. 5199. 28.35气 19,24.3 8.19.37. 31 21.2 17,24 35 18 14 2,15,19 品 Uso of onergy by stationary object 36,37 35 Power 8,36,38 19,26 1.1035 3117,27 37 19.38 经路 35,6,38 306,25 153线2 26,2, 29,14,2 35,32 9.35 2,14,17, 1低气1但， 35 22,10.35 40 15,31 261028 1038 6 25 16,6,19 37 10,35,38 Loss of Enorgy 15,气，19,195,18， 7.26,13 63线7 15.2道 17,7.20 28 9 17,30 18 7,18,23 6353超 363站 142,39, 1.13,32 2站 1但，38,7 15 33站
Weight of moving object Weight of stationary object Length of moving object Length of stationary object Area of moving object Area of stationary object Volume of moving object Volume of stationary object Speed Force (Intensity) Stress or pressure Shape Stability of the object's composition Strength Duration of action of moving object Duration of action of stationary object Temperature Illumination intensity Use of energy by moving object Use of energy by stationary object Power Loss of Energy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 Weight of moving object + 15, 8, 29,34 29, 17, 38, 34 29, 2, 40, 28 2, 8, 15, 38 8, 10, 18, 37 10, 36, 37, 40 10, 14, 35, 40 1, 35, 19, 39 28, 27, 18, 40 5, 34, 31, 35 6, 29, 4, 38 19, 1, 32 35, 12, 34, 31 12, 36, 18, 31 6, 2, 34, 19 2 Weight of stationary object + 10, 1, 29, 35 35, 30, 13, 2 5, 35, 14, 2 8, 10, 19, 35 13, 29, 10, 18 13, 10, 29, 14 26, 39, 1, 40 28, 2, 10, 27 2, 27, 19, 6 28, 19, 32, 22 19, 32, 35 18, 19, 28, 1 15, 19, 18, 22 18, 19, 28, 15 3 Length of moving object 8, 15, 29, 34 + 15, 17, 4 7, 17, 4, 35 13, 4, 8 17, 10, 4 1, 8, 35 1, 8, 10, 29 1, 8, 15, 34 8, 35, 29, 34 19 10, 15, 19 32 8, 35, 24 1, 35 7, 2, 35, 39 4 Length of stationary object 35, 28, 40, 29 + 17, 7, 10, 40 35, 8, 2,14 28, 10 1, 14, 35 13, 14, 15, 7 39, 37, 35 15, 14, 28, 26 1, 10, 35 3, 35, 38, 18 3, 25 12, 8 6, 28 5 Area of moving object 2, 17, 29, 4 14, 15, 18, 4 + 7, 14, 17, 4 29, 30, 4, 34 19, 30, 35, 2 10, 15, 36, 28 5, 34, 29, 4 11, 2, 13, 39 3, 15, 40, 14 6, 3 2, 15, 16 15, 32, 19, 13 19, 32 19, 10, 32, 18 15, 17, 30, 26 6 Area of stationary object 30, 2, 14, 18 26, 7, 9, 39 + 1, 18, 35, 36 10, 15, 36, 37 2, 38 40 2, 10, 19, 30 35, 39, 38 17, 32 17, 7, 30 7 Volume of moving object 2, 26, 29, 40 1, 7, 4, 35 1, 7, 4, 17 + 29, 4, 38, 34 15, 35, 36, 37 6, 35, 36, 37 1, 15, 29, 4 28, 10, 1, 39 9, 14, 15, 7 6, 35, 4 34, 39, 10, 18 2, 13, 10 35 35, 6, 13, 18 7, 15, 13, 16 8 Volume of stationary object 35, 10, 19, 14 19, 14 35, 8, 2, 14 + 2, 18, 37 24, 35 7, 2, 35 34, 28, 35, 40 9, 14, 17, 15 35, 34, 38 35, 6, 4 30, 6 9 Speed 2, 28, 13, 38 13, 14, 8 29, 30, 34 7, 29, 34 + 13, 28, 15, 19 6, 18, 38, 40 35, 15, 18, 34 28, 33, 1, 18 8, 3, 26, 14 3, 19, 35, 5 28, 30, 36, 2 10, 13, 19 8, 15, 35, 38 19, 35, 38, 2 14, 20, 19, 35 10 Force (Intensity) 8, 1, 37, 18 18, 13, 1, 28 17, 19, 9, 36 28, 10 19, 10, 15 1, 18, 36, 37 15, 9, 12, 37 2, 36, 18, 37 13, 28, 15, 12 + 18, 21, 11 10, 35, 40, 34 35, 10, 21 35, 10, 14, 27 19, 2 35, 10, 21 19, 17, 10 1, 16, 36, 37 19, 35, 18, 37 14, 15 11 Stress or pressure 10, 36, 37, 40 13, 29, 10, 18 35, 10, 36 35, 1, 14, 16 10, 15, 36, 28 10, 15, 36, 37 6, 35, 10 35, 24 6, 35, 36 36, 35, 21 + 35, 4, 15, 10 35, 33, 2, 40 9, 18, 3, 40 19, 3, 27 35, 39, 19, 2 14, 24, 10, 37 10, 35, 14 2, 36, 25 12 Shape 8, 10, 29, 40 15, 10, 26, 3 29, 34, 5, 4 13, 14, 10, 7 5, 34, 4, 10 14, 4, 15, 22 7, 2, 35 35, 15, 34, 18 35, 10, 37, 40 34, 15, 10, 14 + 33, 1, 18, 4 30, 14, 10, 40 14, 26, 9, 25 22, 14, 19, 32 13, 15, 32 2, 6, 34, 14 4, 6, 2 14 13 Stability of the object's composition 21, 35, 2, 39 26, 39, 1, 40 13, 15, 1, 28 37 2, 11, 13 39 28, 10, 19, 39 34, 28, 35, 40 33, 15, 28, 18 10, 35, 21, 16 2, 35, 40 22, 1, 18, 4 + 17, 9, 15 13, 27, 10, 35 39, 3, 35, 23 35, 1, 32 32, 3, 27, 16 13, 19 27, 4, 29, 18 32, 35, 27, 31 14, 2, 39, 6 14 Strength 1, 8, 40, 15 40, 26, 27, 1 1, 15, 8, 35 15, 14, 28, 26 3, 34, 40, 29 9, 40, 28 10, 15, 14, 7 9, 14, 17, 15 8, 13, 26, 14 10, 18, 3, 14 10, 3, 18, 40 10, 30, 35, 40 13, 17, 35 + 27, 3, 26 30, 10, 40 35, 19 19, 35, 10 35 10, 26, 35, 28 35 15 Duration of action of moving object 19, 5, 34, 31 2, 19, 9 3, 17, 19 10, 2, 19, 30 3, 35, 5 19, 2, 16 19, 3, 27 14, 26, 28, 25 13, 3, 35 27, 3, 10 + 19, 35, 39 2, 19, 4, 35 28, 6, 35, 18 19, 10, 35, 38 16 Duration of action by stationary object 6, 27, 19, 16 1, 40, 35 35, 34, 38 39, 3, 35, 23 + 19, 18, 36, 40 16 17 Temperature 36,22, 6, 38 22, 35, 32 15, 19, 9 15, 19, 9 3, 35, 39, 18 35, 38 34, 39, 40, 18 35, 6, 4 2, 28, 36, 30 35, 10, 3, 21 35, 39, 19, 2 14, 22, 19, 32 1, 35, 32 10, 30, 22, 40 19, 13, 39 19, 18, 36, 40 + 32, 30, 21, 16 19, 15, 3, 17 2, 14, 17, 25 21, 17, 35, 38 18 Illumination intensity 19, 1, 32 2, 35, 32 19, 32, 16 19, 32, 26 2, 13, 10 10, 13, 19 26, 19, 6 32, 30 32, 3, 27 35, 19 2, 19, 6 32, 35, 19 + 32, 1, 19 32, 35, 1, 15 32 13, 16, 1, 6 19 Use of energy by moving object 12,18,28, 31 12, 28 15, 19, 25 35, 13, 18 8, 35, 35 16, 26, 21, 2 23, 14, 25 12, 2, 29 19, 13, 17, 24 5, 19, 9, 35 28, 35, 6, 18 - 19, 24, 3, 14 2, 15, 19 + - 6, 19, 37, 18 12, 22, 15, 24 20 Use of energy by stationary object 19, 9, 6, 27 36, 37 27, 4, 29, 18 35 19, 2, 35, 32 - + 21 Power 8, 36, 38, 31 19, 26, 17, 27 1, 10, 35, 37 19, 38 17, 32, 13, 38 35, 6, 38 30, 6, 25 15, 35, 2 26, 2, 36, 35 22, 10, 35 29, 14, 2, 40 35, 32, 15, 31 26, 10, 28 19, 35, 10, 38 16 2, 14, 17, 25 16, 6, 19 16, 6, 19, 37 + 10, 35, 38 22 Loss of Energy 15, 6, 19, 28 19, 6, 18, 9 7, 2, 6, 13 6, 38, 7 15, 26, 17, 30 17, 7, 30, 18 7, 18, 23 7 16, 35, 38 36, 38 14, 2, 39, 6 26 19, 38, 7 1, 13, 32, 15 3, 38 + Worsening Feature Improving Feature
35,6,23 35.22 35.2.10 3,3637, 29.35.3214.30 3528 2827.3 23 Loss of substance 21,36 3518, 35,27,2 40 32 10,224 31 盘品 治将 40 3140 3.31 1,6,13 24,5 31 Loss of Information 10,24,35 1035.5 1,2 2站 30.26 30,16 222 232 10 10 1 0.19 19.10 25 Loss of Time 10,20. 10,20, 15.229 30.24 2B4,气 10,35, 2,5,34, 3蓝1低， 10.37. 4,10,34, 353,22, 29328, 20.10 28,20. 35,29. 1.19,2箱， 3538, 1 35,20 10,5.18 37,35 26,5 145 16 17,4 10 32,18 3站5 37,36,4 17 5 18 2浅18 10.16 21,18 19,18 10.6 32 35,6,18, 21,25 214, 1514,23 2,18.40. 15,20,29 3529 35.143 0.35. 152,17, 1435, 3.3510. 34.29. 25 Quantity of substancefthe matte 31 18,35 35.18 3428 14.3 35,14 40 24.10 40 3.3.31 3,17.39 16,18 331 7,1825 27 3,8,10. 3108 15914, 152点 310,1, 235,24 升路 828.10 35,1,16 2353 3,27.6 211h 40 28 4 2811 24 3 11 11,28 2站 3,35.10 11,32,13 27,19 3发23 10,11,35 40 Moasurement accuracy 32,35 2835, 2这2道5 32.283 2628 25,28 2813 25,28 2525 16 1信 32.3 323 32,13,6 3立24 32.2 6,28.32 6,28.32 3235,13 2选632 28632 10.2流，24 气，19,28 24 6,1,32 36,32 3632 25,3227 29 Manufacturing procision 28.32. 28,35. 1028. 2833 2,29.8 12,18 27.9 237 2,3210 29.32 36 3223,2 2510,35 0.2832 335 32,30,40 30,18 327 327.40 19,28 3,32 32,2 32,2 1332,2 0 Objoct-affocted harmful factors 品劲经 17.1.39 1.18 4 品品 费 致品 222,37 2213 35 1132, 13 31 Objoct-goneratod hammful factors 19,22 3522,1, 1715, 17.2.18 15,39 1位22 22,1,40 17,2,40 3018, 35,2这3 35.2812,33.27, 35,40, 1535, 1522 21.39. 22,35.2 19,24. 235,自 2.31信 21,352. 39 39 35.4 23 40 8 35,1 27,39 2边2 33.31 1低2边 24 39,32 19,2之18 22 28,29. 127,35 1.2丝13 13.1,26 13.29.1 35.13点 35.9.1.1.28.3. 28,24. 28.25. 27.1,12 32 Ease of manufacture 15,16 13 1517.27 12 16,40 40 35 1 3孤，12 37 27 11,13,1 1.310, 32 27.1.4 35.16 27,2618 27,1 27,1 1.4 24 19.35 32403, Easo of operation 路 18.1334 28.13352.32,12 3235,30 1.1625 26,27.13 13,17,1 2站 1.13,24 35,34.2 10 2.19,13 34 Ease of repair 22735227,35 1,2这10， 31831 1513.32 16,25 25,2,35 11 11 25 11 34.9 1,11.10 1,13,2.4 2,35 11.1.2,9 11.29 2827 4,t0 15,1,13 151,28, 1510 5,1,32 15 32.2 19 35 1,6,1s 19,15, 35.1.29 29,1话 2 1,3516 9 15,16 15,35,29 35.10,14 35.16 15,37,1, 35332, 15.17.20 3530.14 31.35 2,16 27,2.3 622,25 1935, 35 29,13 191,29 1815,1 36 1,1926 14,1.13 24 26 6,36 34,26 1.16 34.10.28 2运，16 191.35 29,13. 222.17. 21328 1042这 28,15 19 15 2,7.13 24,17,13 27.229 20,19 28 30.34 Difficulty of dotecting and measuring 27,26 613,28 1低11， 母 2.1318 2,39.30 29,14, 2182线， 3,416, 30.28 35.36 27,13,1, 11,22 27.315. 9.29 25.34.6 3,27,35 81.1 35,3.15 2.24.26 28,13 1 2流24 7 16 15 31 3站 40.19 37.32 3的 39,30 2 3组25 35 3538 19.3516 16 10 19 38 Extent of automation 福露 17.14,13 35,13,16 2这10 235 1335 15.32.1. 18,1 213 69 26,219 8,329 232,13 28227 23,28 39 Productivity 数岛 10,37,14 353,22 35,20,10
23 Loss of substance 35, 6, 23, 40 35, 6, 22, 32 14, 29, 10, 39 10, 28,24 35, 2, 10, 31 10, 18, 39, 31 1, 29, 30, 36 3, 39, 18, 31 10, 13, 28, 38 14, 15, 18, 40 3, 36, 37, 10 29, 35, 3, 5 2, 14, 30, 40 35, 28, 31, 40 28, 27, 3, 18 27, 16, 18, 38 21, 36, 39, 31 1, 6, 13 35, 18, 24, 5 28, 27, 12, 31 28, 27, 18, 38 35, 27, 2, 31 24 Loss of Information 10, 24, 35 10, 35, 5 1, 26 26 30, 26 30, 16 2, 22 26, 32 10 10 19 10, 19 19, 10 25 Loss of Time 10, 20, 37, 35 10, 20, 26, 5 15, 2, 29 30, 24, 14, 5 26, 4, 5, 16 10, 35, 17, 4 2, 5, 34, 10 35, 16, 32, 18 10, 37, 36,5 37, 36,4 4, 10, 34, 17 35, 3, 22, 5 29, 3, 28, 18 20, 10, 28, 18 28, 20, 10, 16 35, 29, 21, 18 1, 19, 26, 17 35, 38, 19, 18 1 35, 20, 10, 6 10, 5, 18, 32 26 Quantity of substance/the matter 35, 6, 18, 31 27, 26, 18, 35 29, 14, 35, 18 15, 14, 29 2, 18, 40, 4 15, 20, 29 35, 29, 34, 28 35, 14, 3 10, 36, 14, 3 35, 14 15, 2, 17, 40 14, 35, 34, 10 3, 35, 10, 40 3, 35, 31 3, 17, 39 34, 29, 16, 18 3, 35, 31 35 7, 18, 25 27 Reliability 3, 8, 10, 40 3, 10, 8, 28 15, 9, 14, 4 15, 29, 28, 11 17, 10, 14, 16 32, 35, 40, 4 3, 10, 14, 24 2, 35, 24 21, 35, 11, 28 8, 28, 10, 3 10, 24, 35, 19 35, 1, 16, 11 11, 28 2, 35, 3, 25 34, 27, 6, 40 3, 35, 10 11, 32, 13 21, 11, 27, 19 36, 23 21, 11, 26, 31 10, 11, 35 28 Measurement accuracy 32, 35, 26, 28 28, 35, 25, 26 28, 26, 5, 16 32, 28, 3, 16 26, 28, 32, 3 26, 28, 32, 3 32, 13, 6 28, 13, 32, 24 32, 2 6, 28, 32 6, 28, 32 32, 35, 13 28, 6, 32 28, 6, 32 10, 26, 24 6, 19, 28, 24 6, 1, 32 3, 6, 32 3, 6, 32 26, 32, 27 29 Manufacturing precision 28, 32, 13, 18 28, 35, 27, 9 10, 28, 29, 37 2, 32, 10 28, 33, 29, 32 2, 29, 18, 36 32, 23, 2 25, 10, 35 10, 28, 32 28, 19, 34, 36 3, 35 32, 30, 40 30, 18 3, 27 3, 27, 40 19, 26 3, 32 32, 2 32, 2 13, 32, 2 30 Object-affected harmful factors 22, 21, 27, 39 2, 22, 13, 24 17, 1, 39, 4 1, 18 22, 1, 33, 28 27, 2, 39, 35 22, 23, 37, 35 34, 39, 19, 27 21, 22, 35, 28 13, 35, 39, 18 22, 2, 37 22, 1, 3, 35 35, 24, 30, 18 18, 35, 37, 1 22, 15, 33, 28 17, 1, 40, 33 22, 33, 35, 2 1, 19, 32, 13 1, 24, 6, 27 10, 2, 22, 37 19, 22, 31, 2 21, 22, 35, 2 31 Object-generated harmful factors 19, 22, 15, 39 35, 22, 1, 39 17, 15, 16, 22 17, 2, 18, 39 22, 1, 40 17, 2, 40 30, 18, 35, 4 35, 28, 3, 23 35, 28, 1, 40 2, 33, 27, 18 35, 1 35, 40, 27, 39 15, 35, 22, 2 15, 22, 33, 31 21, 39, 16, 22 22, 35, 2, 24 19, 24, 39, 32 2, 35, 6 19, 22, 18 2, 35, 18 21, 35, 2, 22 32 Ease of manufacture 28, 29, 15, 16 1, 27, 36, 13 1, 29, 13, 17 15, 17, 27 13, 1, 26, 12 16, 40 13, 29, 1, 40 35 35, 13, 8, 1 35, 12 35, 19, 1, 37 1, 28, 13, 27 11, 13, 1 1, 3, 10, 32 27, 1, 4 35, 16 27, 26, 18 28, 24, 27, 1 28, 26, 27, 1 1, 4 27, 1, 12, 24 19, 35 33 Ease of operation 25, 2, 13, 15 6, 13, 1, 25 1, 17, 13, 12 1, 17, 13, 16 18, 16, 15, 39 1, 16, 35, 15 4, 18, 39, 31 18, 13, 34 28, 13 35 2, 32, 12 15, 34, 29, 28 32, 35, 30 32, 40, 3, 28 29, 3, 8, 25 1, 16, 25 26, 27, 13 13, 17, 1, 24 1, 13, 24 35, 34, 2, 10 2, 19, 13 34 Ease of repair 2, 27 35, 11 2, 27, 35, 11 1, 28, 10, 25 3, 18, 31 15, 13, 32 16, 25 25, 2, 35, 11 1 34, 9 1, 11, 10 13 1, 13, 2, 4 2, 35 11, 1, 2, 9 11, 29, 28, 27 1 4, 10 15, 1, 13 15, 1, 28, 16 15, 10, 32, 2 15, 1, 32, 19 35 Adaptability or versatility 1, 6, 15, 8 19, 15, 29, 16 35, 1, 29, 2 1, 35, 16 35, 30, 29, 7 15, 16 15, 35, 29 35, 10, 14 15, 17, 20 35, 16 15, 37, 1, 8 35, 30, 14 35, 3, 32, 6 13, 1, 35 2, 16 27, 2, 3, 35 6, 22, 26, 1 19, 35, 29, 13 19, 1, 29 18, 15, 1 36 Device complexity 26, 30, 34, 36 2, 26, 35, 39 1, 19, 26, 24 26 14, 1, 13, 16 6, 36 34, 26, 6 1, 16 34, 10, 28 26, 16 19, 1, 35 29, 13, 28, 15 2, 22, 17, 19 2, 13, 28 10, 4, 28, 15 2, 17, 13 24, 17, 13 27, 2, 29, 28 20, 19, 30, 34 10, 35, 13, 2 37 Difficulty of detecting and measuring 27, 26, 28, 13 6, 13, 28, 1 16, 17, 26, 24 26 2, 13, 18, 17 2, 39, 30, 16 29, 1, 4, 16 2, 18, 26, 31 3, 4, 16, 35 30, 28, 40, 19 35, 36, 37, 32 27, 13, 1, 39 11, 22, 39, 30 27, 3, 15, 28 19, 29, 39, 25 25, 34, 6, 35 3, 27, 35, 16 2, 24, 26 35, 38 19, 35, 16 18, 1, 16, 10 35, 3, 15, 19 38 Extent of automation 28, 26, 18, 35 28, 26, 35, 10 14, 13, 17, 28 23 17, 14, 13 35, 13, 16 28, 10 2, 35 13, 35 15, 32, 1, 13 18, 1 25, 13 6, 9 26, 2, 19 8, 32, 19 2, 32, 13 28, 2, 27 23, 28 39 Productivity 35, 26, 24, 37 28, 27, 15, 3 18, 4, 28, 38 30, 7, 14, 26 10, 26, 34, 31 10, 35, 17, 7 2, 6, 34, 10 35, 37, 10, 2 28, 15, 10, 36 10, 37, 14 14, 10, 34, 40 35, 3, 22, 39 29, 28, 10, 18 35, 10, 2, 18 20, 10, 16, 38 35, 21, 28, 10 26, 17, 19, 1 35, 10, 38, 19 1 35, 20, 10 28, 10, 29, 35
Loss of Energy y of 23 24 25 26 27 28 2 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 5.353 10.3 3,25.18 1.3,11, 2827. 2835 2221 2235 27.281. 353,2, 2.27.28 29.5.15 2630 2829 2含351日 35324 31 0.24.35 2028 31 27 352猫 2盆18 1827 31,3的 24 11 8 3634 26,32 nventive Principles 5.&13. 10.15.35 10,20. 19,， 1028,8, 182628 10.1,3 2,19,22 35,22.1 28,1,9 613,1, 2.27.2这 30 35.26 25 3 17 37 39 32 11 19152空 1,10.26 25,28 225,35 1215 39 17,15 35 1.Segmentation 42923 124 15.2.29 29,35 10,14, 2波32,4 10.28 1,s,17, 17,15 1,29,17 1529, 1.2810 1415.1. 1,9.26 351.28 17,24, 14.428, 10 29,40 2丝.37 24 35,4 16 24 24 26,16 2 Extraction,Separation,Removal,Segregatio 10.2透 30147, 2435 24.2蓝 30,29.14 1529,28 3228,3 2,310 1.18 15,17,27 225 3 1,35 1.26 2 26 3.Locsl Qualty 0.352 30.2 264 29,30,6 29,9 2628, 232 22.33 17,2.18 13,1,26 1517, 1513 236,26 14,30, 1026, 39 13 323 28.1 39 15.30 14.1,13 24 13,15 10.1 18 28.23 34.2 4.Asymmetry 10.14, 20,16 10,35,4 2,18,40, 32,35, 2点28， 2.291&27.2,39 1839 18 40,4 323 3站 36 22,1.40 40,15 16,4 16 5.16 1,18.36 2,35,30, 1015 18 23 17.7 5.Combining.Inegration,Merging 33 2.2边 2.6.34. 2约，30.7 14.1,40, 25228 25.282 17,2.40. 1513, 10.62 34.10 10 29,1,40 30,12 10 15.29 261 29,26.4 6.Universality,Multi-functionality 品 35,3 235,15 3610,2 35 1 1,31 2,17.20 7.Nesting 1013 1326 10,19 11,35, 2这321， 10.2这 1.28352,24,35. 35,13.8 3228, 34,228 10,284、 3,34,27 2汽38 29,38 27,28 24 3225 23 21 1 13,12 27 510.26 134 1” 10,18 8.3540 14,29, 335.13. 3510, 2829 1.354013.3.36 15.37. 1.28, 2635, 36,37. 32835 10,37,38 1836 21 22.24 37.35 24 18,1 25 151,11 10.18 10,19 2,35 37 9.Prelminary anti-action,Prior counteraction 37.36,4 10,14,36 6225 335 222.37 2,33.27 18 1,35,16 11 2 36 19.1,35 2,35.37 35,24 10.Prior action 36,293 14.0. 22.1,2 1.32,17, 16,29,1, 5 34.17 36,22 10.40,16 2832,1 32.3040 35 36,1 28 32.15,25 2.131 1,1529 28 15,13,39 15,1,32 17.26 34.10 11.Cushion in advance.before 2.14.30 35,27 15,32,35 35.24. 35.40. 2.3510 13 18 35,19 3边35,30 36,30 23522, 35,22, 2335, 40 30.18 27,39 16 34.2 28 3,23 1.8,35 403 12..remove stress 29,328, 29,10,27 11,3 327,1 327 27.113 15332 2,315 40 15 13.Inversion,The other wey around 2827.3 20.10. 3,3510, 11,2,13 327.16 22.15. 21,39. 27,1,4 1227 29.10.27 ,3513 10,429, 19,29, 317, 18 28.18 40 40 332洁 16,22 15 39,35 气，10 14.19 14.Scheroidalty,Curvtinearity 27.16 28.20, 3,35.31 34.27,6 17,1,40 25.34,6. 2010, 1839 10.16 102益24 22 35,10 1 1 2 40 33 35 1638 15.Dynamicity.Optimization 盈新 3,17,30 22 362 3的 321924 24 2 26,27 2道27 410.1 21827 2.17.16 35 15235 16.Partial or excessive achion 131 1,6 1,1.26 17 1,19 1.1532 332 35,19 19,35. 226,19 1517, 32.39 2826 1315 151,19 6,32.3 32,15 226,10 221 17.Moving to a new dimension 路 3538, 34,23. 19.21. 31,32 1,35气 1,1517 15.17 2,29.27 19,1信 1信，18 11,27 27 2,35.6 28,26,30 1935 2洁 131信 28 35,38 322 122835 18.Mechanical vibration/osolation 盘部 3,35.31 1035,23 10.2.22 7 19,22. 14 格路 1.6 19.Perlodic action 10.19 35,20, 10.6 4,34.19 1,24, 19,22 5210 25,31 3215,2 322 31,2 2,35,18 26,10.34 2流35,10 34 19.17.34 19,35.16 28,2,17 283534 20.Continuty of a useful action 35.27.2 19.10 10.18. 7,18.25 21,22 21,35.2 35,3,15. 2810, 37 32.7 11.10,35 32 36.2 22 3532,1 219 7,23 23 29.35 21.Rushing through
Use of energy by moving object Use of energy by stationary object Power Loss of Energy Loss of Substance Loss of Information Loss of Time Quantity of substance Reliability Measurement accuracy Manufacturing precision Object-affected harmful factors Object-generated harmful factors Ease of manufacture Ease of operation Ease of repair Adaptability or versatility Device complexity Difficulty of detecting and measuring Extent of automation Productivity 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 5, 35, 3, 31 10, 24, 35 10, 35, 20, 28 3, 26, 18, 31 1, 3, 11, 27 28, 27, 35, 26 28, 35, 26, 18 22, 21, 18, 27 22, 35, 31, 39 27, 28, 1, 36 35, 3, 2, 24 2, 27, 28, 11 29, 5, 15, 8 26, 30, 36, 34 28, 29, 26, 32 26, 35 18, 19 35, 3, 24, 37 Inventive Principles 5, 8, 13, 30 10, 15, 35 10, 20, 35, 26 19, 6, 18, 26 10, 28, 8, 3 18, 26, 28 10, 1, 35, 17 2, 19, 22, 37 35, 22, 1, 39 28, 1, 9 6, 13, 1, 32 2, 27, 28, 11 19, 15, 29 1, 10, 26, 39 25, 28, 17, 15 2, 26, 35 1, 28, 15, 35 1. Segmentation 4, 29, 23, 10 1, 24 15, 2, 29 29, 35 10, 14, 29, 40 28, 32, 4 10, 28, 29, 37 1, 15, 17, 24 17, 15 1, 29, 17 15, 29, 35, 4 1, 28, 10 14, 15, 1, 16 1, 19, 26, 24 35, 1, 26, 24 17, 24, 26, 16 14, 4, 28, 29 2. Extraction, Separation, Removal, Segregation 10, 28, 24, 35 24, 26, 30, 29, 14 15, 29, 28 32, 28, 3 2, 32, 10 1, 18 15, 17, 27 2, 25 3 1, 35 1, 26 26 30, 14, 7, 26 3. Local Quality 10, 35, 2, 39 30, 26 26, 4 29, 30, 6, 13 29, 9 26, 28, 32, 3 2, 32 22, 33, 28, 1 17, 2, 18, 39 13, 1, 26, 24 15, 17, 13, 16 15, 13, 10, 1 15, 30 14, 1, 13 2, 36, 26, 18 14, 30, 28, 23 10, 26, 34, 2 4. Asymmetry 10, 14, 18, 39 30, 16 10, 35, 4, 18 2, 18, 40, 4 32, 35, 40, 4 26, 28, 32, 3 2, 29, 18, 36 27, 2, 39, 35 22, 1, 40 40, 16 16, 4 16 15, 16 1, 18, 36 2, 35, 30, 18 23 10, 15, 17, 7 5. Combining, Integration, Merging 36, 39, 34, 10 2, 22 2, 6, 34, 10 29, 30, 7 14, 1, 40, 11 25, 26, 28 25, 28, 2, 16 22, 21, 27, 35 17, 2, 40, 1 29, 1, 40 15, 13, 30, 12 10 15, 29 26, 1 29, 26, 4 35, 34, 16, 24 10, 6, 2, 34 6. Universality, Multi-functionality 10, 39, 35, 34 35, 16, 32 18 35, 3 2, 35, 16 35, 10, 25 34, 39, 19, 27 30, 18, 35, 4 35 1 1, 31 2, 17, 26 35, 37, 10, 2 7. Nesting 10, 13, 28, 38 13, 26 10, 19, 29, 38 11, 35, 27, 28 28, 32, 1, 24 10, 28, 32, 25 1, 28, 35, 23 2, 24, 35, 21 35, 13, 8, 1 32, 28, 13, 12 34, 2, 28, 27 15, 10, 26 10, 28, 4, 34 3, 34, 27, 16 10, 18 8. Counterweight, Levitation 8, 35, 40, 5 10, 37, 36 14, 29, 18, 36 3, 35, 13, 21 35, 10, 23, 24 28, 29, 37, 36 1, 35, 40, 18 13, 3, 36, 24 15, 37, 18, 1 1, 28, 3, 25 15, 1, 11 15, 17, 18, 20 26, 35, 10, 18 36, 37, 10, 19 2, 35 3, 28, 35, 37 9. Preliminary anti-action, Prior counteraction 10, 36, 3, 37 37, 36, 4 10, 14, 36 10, 13, 19, 35 6, 28, 25 3, 35 22, 2, 37 2, 33, 27, 18 1, 35, 16 11 2 35 19, 1, 35 2, 36, 37 35, 24 10, 14, 35, 37 10. Prior action 35, 29, 3, 5 14, 10, 34, 17 36, 22 10, 40, 16 28, 32, 1 32, 30, 40 22, 1, 2, 35 35, 1 1, 32, 17, 28 32, 15, 26 2, 13, 1 1, 15, 29 16, 29, 1, 28 15, 13, 39 15, 1, 32 17, 26, 34, 10 11. Cushion in advance, compensate before 2, 14, 30, 40 35, 27 15, 32, 35 13 18 35, 24, 30, 18 35, 40, 27, 39 35, 19 32, 35, 30 2, 35, 10, 16 35, 30, 34, 2 2, 35, 22, 26 35, 22, 39, 23 1, 8, 35 23, 35, 40, 3 12. Equipotentiality, remove stress 35, 28, 31, 40 29, 3, 28, 10 29, 10, 27 11, 3 3, 27, 16 3, 27 18, 35, 37, 1 15, 35, 22, 2 11, 3, 10, 32 32, 40, 25, 2 27, 11, 3 15, 3, 32 2, 13, 25, 28 27, 3, 15, 40 15 29, 35, 10, 14 13. Inversion, The other way around 28, 27, 3, 18 10 20, 10, 28, 18 3, 35, 10, 40 11, 2, 13 3 3, 27, 16, 40 22, 15, 33, 28 21, 39, 16, 22 27, 1, 4 12, 27 29, 10, 27 1, 35, 13 10, 4, 29, 15 19, 29, 39, 35 6, 10 35, 17, 14, 19 14. Spheroidality, Curvilinearity 27, 16, 18, 38 10 28, 20, 10, 16 3, 35, 31 34, 27, 6, 40 10, 26, 24 17, 1, 40, 33 22 35, 10 1 1 2 25, 34, 6, 35 1 20, 10, 16, 38 15. Dynamicity, Optimization 21, 36, 29, 31 35, 28, 21, 18 3, 17, 30, 39 19, 35, 3, 10 32, 19, 24 24 22, 33, 35, 2 22, 35, 2, 24 26, 27 26, 27 4, 10, 16 2, 18, 27 2, 17, 16 3, 27, 35, 31 26, 2, 19, 16 15, 28, 35 16. Partial or excessive action 13, 1 1, 6 19, 1, 26, 17 1, 19 11, 15, 32 3, 32 15, 19 35, 19, 32, 39 19, 35, 28, 26 28, 26, 19 15, 17, 13, 16 15, 1, 19 6, 32, 13 32, 15 2, 26, 10 2, 25, 16 17. Moving to a new dimension 35, 24, 18, 5 35, 38, 19, 18 34, 23, 16, 18 19, 21, 11, 27 3, 1, 32 1, 35, 6, 27 2, 35, 6 28, 26, 30 19, 35 1, 15, 17, 28 15, 17, 13, 16 2, 29, 27, 28 35, 38 32, 2 12, 28, 35 18. Mechanical vibration/oscillation 28, 27, 18, 31 3, 35, 31 10, 36, 23 10, 2, 22, 37 19, 22, 18 1, 4 19, 35, 16, 25 1, 6 19. Periodic action 28, 27, 18, 38 10, 19 35, 20, 10, 6 4, 34, 19 19, 24, 26, 31 32, 15, 2 32, 2 19, 22, 31, 2 2, 35, 18 26, 10, 34 26, 35, 10 35, 2, 10, 34 19, 17, 34 20, 19, 30, 34 19, 35, 16 28, 2, 17 28, 35, 34 20. Continuity of a useful action 35, 27, 2, 37 19, 10 10, 18, 32, 7 7, 18, 25 11, 10, 35 32 21, 22, 35, 2 21, 35, 2, 22 35, 32, 1 2, 19 7, 23 35, 3, 15, 23 2 28, 10, 29, 35 21. Rushing through
6,3,f0. 数册 33.22 10,1.34, 30.40 15,34, 2.3534 27 5102 10,1 22.Convert hamm into beneft,'"Blessing in disguise" 24,26, ,28,35 1028,23 22.10.1 10,21.22 32 27.22 35,33 28.32 35 32.15 23.Feedback 351度 24.2流 35,38 10,30,4 2434 24.26 36,1低34 35,22 35,28. 4210， 18,28 24,28, 10.39 28.32 18,16 2选32 2透1信 1839 36,4 34 3这1,10 35,28 629 32,10 35,30 6.310, 24,2835 35.38 181,28, 13228 35.33. 3,35.40. 29,1,35 3529, 2.310 15,323 3.13.27 327,29. 8,35 13.293. 24 116 40 33.30 29.31 27 25,10 2站 0 18 27 25.Self-service,self-organization 1035 2.39 10,28 10,30.4 21,28 + 11,321 36,2.40 40,3 26 27.17,40 1.11 3368 1335.1 27,40,28 1.13,27 1.3529, 24 3鹅 26.Copying 101拔 24,34. 2,632 511,1, 28,24。 3,33.39.635,25 1.1317, 1.3213 13352 27,36 26,24 2这2,10， 1034, 31.28 28,32 23 22,26 10 1 34 11 10.34 32,28 34 2这32 27.Cheap.disposable objec 35.31 32,26. 32,30 11,32,1 26,28. 4,17.34 1.3235 2510 26,2.18 25,28. 1024 2这，18 103 23 1,23 28.Repiscemert of a mechanical system with fields 22,102 35,134 叠路 得 24,35,2 3102 盈 33,3,34 29.Pneumatics or hydraulics: 101,34 10.21.29 1,22 3,24,39, 24,2,40, 33效2猫 417.34 + 3的 26 191,31 2,21,27 2235 1 1839 30.Flexible membranes or thin flm 32.24 3528. 35,23.1, 13512, 15.3433 35.1.11 6,28,11 351.10 18.16 34,4 24 24,2 9 21315 27,261 828,1 2洁 31.Use of porous materisls 28322 .3235 12,35 2 25,2 151,28 32.Changing color or optical properties 23534 32,1.10. 2,2B,10, 11,10,1, 10213 25.10 35102 1.35,11, 1,122猫 35,1,13 34.35,7, 27 25 25 16 10 15 7,1,416 1 13 1.3210 15.10.2 35.28 3,35,15 3513,8 3551, 35.11, 1,13,31 1534,1, 15.29 24 0 32,31 37,28 1 27.34,35 3528互， 7 34.Rejection and regeneration,Discarding and recovering 13,327, 629 13,35,1 2210， 34 262432 91 1.13 1 0 15.1,24 29.40 217.28 35.Trarsformation of the physical and chemical states of an object,pa 1.1810 353拉 18.28 3,27,29 27,40, 2624, 22.19. 2,21 528.11, 1510, 24 27.22 32,9 18 1,15 3518 28,8 3228 29.28 25 122猫 29 37.28 34,21 35.Phase transformation 35.33 35,13 11.27.32 2826, 282 1.1234 27.4.1 51235, 10.34 1823 233 2 1,2,13 3 1.3513 35 15,24.10 34,27,25 37.Thermal expansion 315,2边 35,38 35 10, 2 1 10 2 17 38.Use strong axdizers,erriched atmospheres,aocelerated oxidation 40.Composte materials
+ 15, 18, 35, 10 6, 3, 10, 24 10, 29, 39, 35 16, 34, 31, 28 35, 10, 24, 31 33, 22, 30, 40 10, 1, 34, 29 15, 34, 33 32, 28, 2, 24 2, 35, 34, 27 15, 10, 2 35, 10, 28, 24 35, 18, 10, 13 35, 10, 18 28, 35, 10, 23 22. Convert harm into benefit, "Blessing in disguise" + 24, 26, 28, 32 24, 28, 35 10, 28, 23 22, 10, 1 10, 21, 22 32 27, 22 35, 33 35 13, 23, 15 23. Feedback 35, 18, 10, 39 24, 26, 28, 32 + 35, 38, 18, 16 10, 30, 4 24, 34, 28, 32 24, 26, 28, 18 35, 18, 34 35, 22, 18, 39 35, 28, 34, 4 4, 28, 10, 34 32, 1, 10 35, 28 6, 29 18, 28, 32, 10 24, 28, 35, 30 24. Mediator, intermediary 6, 3, 10, 24 24, 28, 35 35, 38, 18, 16 + 18, 3, 28, 40 13, 2, 28 33, 30 35, 33, 29, 31 3, 35, 40, 39 29, 1, 35, 27 35, 29, 25, 10 2, 32, 10, 25 15, 3, 29 3, 13, 27, 10 3, 27, 29, 18 8, 35 13, 29, 3, 27 25. Self-service, self-organization 10, 35, 29, 39 10, 28 10, 30, 4 21, 28, 40, 3 + 32, 3, 11, 23 11, 32, 1 27, 35, 2, 40 35, 2, 40, 26 27, 17, 40 1, 11 13, 35, 8, 24 13, 35, 1 27, 40, 28 11, 13, 27 1, 35, 29, 38 26. Copying 10, 16, 31, 28 24, 34, 28, 32 2, 6, 32 5, 11, 1, 23 + 28, 24, 22, 26 3, 33, 39, 10 6, 35, 25, 18 1, 13, 17, 34 1, 32, 13, 11 13, 35, 2 27, 35, 10, 34 26, 24, 32, 28 28, 2, 10, 34 10, 34, 28, 32 27. Cheap, disposable objects 35, 31, 10, 24 32, 26, 28, 18 32, 30 11, 32, 1 + 26, 28, 10, 36 4, 17, 34, 26 1, 32, 35, 23 25, 10 26, 2, 18 26, 28, 18, 23 10, 18, 32, 39 28. Replacement of a mechanical system with 'fields' 33, 22, 19, 40 22, 10, 2 35, 18, 34 35, 33, 29, 31 27, 24, 2, 40 28, 33, 23, 26 26, 28, 10, 18 + 24, 35, 2 2, 25, 28, 39 35, 10, 2 35, 11, 22, 31 22, 19, 29, 40 22, 19, 29, 40 33, 3, 34 22, 35, 13, 24 29. Pneumatics or hydraulics: 10, 1, 34 10, 21, 29 1, 22 3, 24, 39, 1 24, 2, 40, 39 3, 33, 26 4, 17, 34, 26 + 19, 1, 31 2, 21, 27, 1 2 22, 35, 18, 39 30. Flexible membranes or thin film 15, 34, 33 32, 24, 18, 16 35, 28, 34, 4 35, 23, 1, 24 1, 35, 12, 18 24, 2 + 2, 5, 13, 16 35, 1, 11, 9 2, 13, 15 27, 26, 1 6, 28, 11, 1 8, 28, 1 35, 1, 10, 28 31. Use of porous materials 28, 32, 2, 24 4, 10, 27, 22 4, 28, 10, 34 12, 35 17, 27, 8, 40 25, 13, 2, 34 1, 32, 35, 23 2, 25, 28, 39 2, 5, 12 + 12, 26, 1, 32 15, 34, 1, 16 32, 26, 12, 17 1, 34, 12, 3 15, 1, 28 32. Changing color or optical properties 2, 35, 34, 27 32, 1, 10, 25 2, 28, 10, 25 11, 10, 1, 16 10, 2, 13 25, 10 35, 10, 2, 16 1, 35, 11, 10 1, 12, 26, 15 + 7, 1, 4, 16 35, 1, 13, 11 34, 35, 7, 13 1, 32, 10 33. Homogeneity 15, 10, 2, 13 35, 28 3, 35, 15 35, 13, 8, 24 35, 5, 1, 10 35, 11, 32, 31 1, 13, 31 15, 34, 1, 16 1, 16, 7, 4 + 15, 29, 37, 28 1 27, 34, 35 35, 28, 6, 37 34. Rejection and regeneration, Discarding and recovering 35, 10, 28, 29 6, 29 13, 3, 27, 10 13, 35, 1 2, 26, 10, 34 26, 24, 32 22, 19, 29, 40 19, 1 27, 26, 1, 13 27, 9, 26, 24 1, 13 29, 15, 28, 37 + 15, 10, 37, 28 15, 1, 24 12, 17, 28 35. Transformation of the physical and chemical states of an object, parameter change, changing properties 1, 18, 10, 24 35, 33, 27, 22 18, 28, 32, 9 3, 27, 29, 18 27, 40, 28, 8 26, 24, 32, 28 22, 19, 29, 28 2, 21 5, 28, 11, 29 2, 5 12, 26 1, 15 15, 10, 37, 28 + 34, 21 35, 18 36. Phase transformation 35, 10, 18, 5 35, 33 24, 28, 35, 30 35, 13 11, 27, 32 28, 26, 10, 34 28, 26, 18, 23 2, 33 2 1, 26, 13 1, 12, 34, 3 1, 35, 13 27, 4, 1, 35 15, 24, 10 34, 27, 25 + 5, 12, 35, 26 37. Thermal expansion 28, 10, 35, 23 13, 15, 23 35, 38 1, 35, 10, 38 1, 10, 34, 28 18, 10, 32, 1 22, 35, 13, 24 35, 22, 18, 39 35, 28, 2, 24 1, 28, 7, 10 1, 32, 10, 25 1, 35, 28, 37 12, 17, 28, 24 35, 18, 27, 2 5, 12, 35, 26 + 38. Use strong oxidizers, enriched atmospheres, accelerated oxidation 39. Inert environment or atmosphere 40. Composite materials
rameter change,changing properties
35. Transformation of the physical and chemical states of an object, parameter change, changing properties 38. Use strong oxidizers, enriched atmospheres, accelerated oxidation
