《高职高专英语》课程教学资源（试卷习题）试题九及答案.doc_大学文库

Passage 1 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion it is advisable to find out what it advocates are aiming at, for, however far-fetched and unreasonable the tenants may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may be-even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right-it can hardly be classed as literature This, in brief, if what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been continually speeding up till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a cataract (Fii) of essential words, undisturbed by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; We must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will Certainly their descriptions of battles are vividly confusing. But it is a little disturbing to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river-and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: "Pluff! Pluff! a hundred and eighty-five This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as literature. all the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression The whole question is really this: have we essentially 21. In the author's opinion, when new ideas become fashionable, it is desirable te A)examine the normality of the fashi B)spread the aims of their advocates C)check their ai

Passage 1 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. When a new movement in Art attains a certain fashion,it is advisable to find out what it advocates are aiming at ,for ,however far-fetched and unreasonable their tenants may seem today,it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to futurist poetry,however,the case is rather difficult,for whatever futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as literature. This, in brief,if what the futurist says:for a century,past conditions of life have been continually speeding up,till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed.Consequently,our feelings,thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change.This speeding up of life ,says the futurist,requires a new form of expression.We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress.We must pour out a cataract (奔流) of essential words,undisturbed by stops,or qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs.Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them;We must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page,and shorten or lengthen words at will. Certainly their descriptions of battles are vividly confusing .But it is a little disturbing to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers:“Pluff!Pluff!a hundred and eighty-five kilograms.” This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of futurist poetry,can hardly be classed as literature.All the same,no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression.The whole question is really this:have we essentially changed? 21.In the author’s opinion,when new ideas become fashionable,it is desirable to ____ . A)examine the normality of the fashion B)spread the aims of their advocates C)check their aims

P Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Each for its own reason, the study of residential mobility has been a concern of three disciplines: sociology, economics, and geography For the economist, residential shifts provide a means for studying the housing and land markets. Geographers study mobility to understand the spatial distributions of population types. For the sociologist, interest in residential mobility has two sources: one stemming from the study of human ecology and the other from a concern with the peculiar qualities of urban life. "Of course, there are clearly over lapping concerns and it is often difficult to discern the disciplinary origins of a researcher by solely examining the kinds of questions he or she raises about mobility, al though it is usually easier to identify a researcher's discipline by noting the methods used and the concepts Urban mobility first appears in the sociological literature as a term expressing rather generalized qualities of urban, as opposed the non-urban life. Some sociologists refer to the mobility of the city as the considerable sum of myriad and incessant sources of stimulation impinging upon the urban dweller, a sort of sensory overload which produces sophistication, indifference and a lowered level of affection in urban dwellers. There is simply so much to experience that the urban dweller’ s capacity is reduced to react in a“ spontaneous”and“ natural” way to urban existence. It is mobility in this sense that produces some of the special qualities of urban life, which on the other hand, appeal to migrants as an escape from the dullness and oppression of rural existence with its lack of change and stimulation, and on the other hand produces anomie and alienation in a society where men see each other primarily as means to ends rather than as ends in themselves. Of course, mobility in this larger sense of sensory overload is not a concept which lends itself easily to measurement, especially since it is a macro-system property. 26. Geographers who study mobility are most probably interested in )the fact that people of different nationalities or ethnical groups reside in different places B)why people of one type prefer to isolate themselves from those of another type C)peculiar characteristics of people from different countries in choosing living aces

Passage 2 Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Each for its own reason,the study of residential mobility has been a concern of three disciplines:sociology,economics,and geography.For the economist,residential shifts provide a means for studying the housing and land markets.Geographers study mobility to understand the spatial distributions of population types.___For the sociologist,interest in residential mobility has two sources:one stemming from the study of human ecology and the other,from a concern with the peculiar qualities of urban life.“Of course,there are clearly overlapping concerns and it is often difficult to discern the disciplinary origins of a researcher by solely examining the kinds of questions he or she raises about mobility,although it is usually easier to identify a researcher’s discipline by noting the methods used and the concepts employed. Urban mobility first appears in the sociological literature as a term expressing rather generalized qualities of urban,as opposed the non-urban life.Some sociologists refer to the mobility of the city as the considerable sum of myriad and incessant sources of stimulation impinging upon the urban dweller,a sort of sensory overload which produces sophistication,indifference and a lowered level of affection in urban dwellers.There is simply so much to experience that the urban dweller’s capacity is reduced to react in a “spontaneous”and “natural”way to urban existence.It is mobility in this sense that produces some of the special qualities of urban life ,which ,on the other hand, appeal to migrants as an escape from the dullness and oppression of rural existence with its lack of change and stimulation,and on the other hand,produces anomie and alienation in a society where men see each other primarily as means to ends rather than as ends in themselves.Of course,mobility in this larger sense of sensory overload is not a concept which lends itself easily to measurement,especially since it is a macro-system property. 26.Geographers who study mobility are most probably interested in ____ . A)the fact that people of different nationalities or ethnical groups reside in different places B)why people of one type prefer to isolate themselves from those of another type C)peculiar characteristics of people from different countries in choosing living places

D)urban existence is full of change and stimulation P Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage The first pre-election poll, or "straw vote", as it was then called, was conducted by the Harrisburg pennsylvanian before the 1824 presidential election This strav closer margins, newspapers and journals tried desperately to satisfy their readers' curiosity in more reliable ways Before the 1928 elections, no fewer than eighty-five publications made private Inquiries, generally by means of questionnaires(问卷、调查表) sent to subscribers(订 R)and by telephone surveys. The principle common to all these inquiries was that they depended on quantity rather than quality little effort was made to reach representatives of all segments(aps)of the population Still, the erroneous belief persisted that the greater the number of questionnaires, the more accurate the results would be. The record was held by the american monthly literary digest, which sent out millions of postcards with short and pointed questions before each election, and received many hundreds of thousands of replies. In fact, in 1932, the Literary Digest' s forecast was off by only 1 percent. n view of such striking achievements, it seemed rather impertinent aa a)for the young American journalist, George Gallup, to claim that large numbers were irrelevant, and that equally accurate or better predictions could be made with a sma but carefully selected sample of the population and a small team of skilled Interviewers In 1936, it took Gallup a long time to convince thirty-five newspaper editors that his system was much cheaper than the customary mass inquiries and that it could provide surprisingly accurate predictions. The editors finally agreed, on condition that if Gallup' s predictions were less accurate than those obtained by the tried method of the Literary Digest, he would have to refund (ofz) the entire cost of the investigation. al though the literary digest broke its own record by obtaining two million replies to its electoral postcards that year its prediction was wrong by 19 percent, whereas Gallup' s was off by less than 1 percen 1. from the passage we know that the earliest pre-election polls were reflecting the public opinions

D)urban existence is full of change and stimulation Passage 3 Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. The first pre-election poll, or “straw vote”,as it was then called,was conducted by the Harrisburg Pennsylvanian before the 1824 presidential election.This straw vote and the many that followed it really registered nothing but local opinion.However, as communications improved and elections were won by closer and closer margins,newspapers and journals tried desperately to satisfy their readers’ curiosity in more reliable ways. Before the 1928 elections,no fewer than eighty-five publications made private inquiries,generally by means of questionnaires(问卷、调查表)sent to subscribers(订户) and by telephone surveys.The principle common to all these inquiries was that they depended on quantity rather than quality;little effort was made to reach representatives of all segments(部分) of the population.Still,the erroneous belief persisted that the greater the number of questionnaires,the more accurate the results would be .The record was held by the American monthly Literary Digest,which sent out millions of postcards with short and pointed questions before each election,and received many hundreds of thousands of replies.In fact ,in 1932,the Literary Digest’s forecast was off by only 1 percent. In view of such striking achievements,it seemed rather impertinent(粗鲁的) for the young American journalist,George Gallup,to claim that large numbers were irrelevant,and that equally accurate or better predictions could be made with a small but carefully selected sample of the population and a small team of skilled interviewers. In 1936,it took Gallup a long time to convince thirty-five newspaper editors that his system was much cheaper than the customary mass inquiries and that it could provide surprisingly accurate predictions.The editors finally agreed,on condition that if Gallup’s predictions were less accurate than those obtained by the tried method of the Literary Digest,he would have to refund (赔偿) the entire cost of the investigation.Although the Literary Digest broke its own record by obtaining two million replies to its electoral postcards that year,its prediction was wrong by 19 percent,whereas Gallup’s was off by less than 1 percent. 31.From the passage we know that the earliest pre-election polls were ____ in reflecting the public opinions