1. Proteins Are Built from a Repertoire of 20 Amino Acids 2. Primary Structure: Amino Acids Are Linked by Peptide Bonds to Form Polypeptide Chains 3. Secondary Structure: Polypeptide Chains Can Fold into Regular Structures Such As the Alpha Helix, the Beta Sheet, and Turns and Loops
1.A Nucleic Acid Consists of Four Kinds of Bases Linked to a Sugar-Phosphate Backbone 2.A Pair of Nucleic Acid Chains with Complementary Sequences Can Form a DoubleHelical Structure 3.DNA Is Replicated by Polymerases That Take Instructions from Templates
Serine proteases : to promote a reaction that is almost immeasurably slow at neutral pH in the absence of a catalyst. 将pH 7.0几乎不发生 的反应(蛋白质水解）进行下去 -Carbonic anhydrases: to achieve a high absolute rate of reaction,suitable for integration with other rapid physiological processes. 加速以与其他快速生理过程融合 -Restriction endonucleases, to attain a high degree of specificity.实现 酶切反应的高度特异性 - NMP kinases: to transfer a phosphoryl group from AT P to a nucleotide and not to water.磷酸基团从ATP转移给另一个核苷酸（而不 会转移到水分子）
第一节 核酸的化学组成及其一级结构 The Chemical Component and Primary Structure of Nucleic Acid 第二节 DNA的空间结构与功能 Dimensional Structure and Function of DNA 第三节 RNA的结构与功能 Structure and Function of RNA 第四节 核酸的理化性质 The Physical and ChemicalCharacters of Nucleic Acid 第五节 核酸酶 Nuclease
G1 RNA structure G2 Transcription in prikaryotes G3 The lac operon G4 The trp operon G5 Transcription in eukaryotes G6 Transcription of protein-coding genes G7 Regulation of transcription by RNA pol II G8 Processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA G9 Ribosomal RNA G10 Transfer RNA
