§4-1 热二律的表述与实质 §4-2 卡诺循环与卡诺定理 §4-3 克劳修斯不等式 §4-4 熵Entropy § 4-5 孤立系统熵增原理 §4-6 熵方程 §4-7 Ex及其计算

§2-1 热力学第一定律的本质 §2-2 热一律的推论——内能 §2-3 闭口系能量方程 § 2-4 开口系能量方程 §2-5 稳定流动能量方程 §2-6 稳定流动能量方程应用举例

24-1 Two kinds of processes and entropy 24-2 Entropy change for reversible processes 24-3 Entropy change for irreversible processes 24-4 The second law of thermodynamics 24-5 Entropy and the performance of engines 24-6 Entropy and the performance of refrigerators 24-8 The second law revisited 24-9 A statistical view of entropy

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function

Lecture 8: Physical Hydrogels Last Day Overview of biomedical applications of hydrogels Structure of covalent hydrogels Thermodynamics of hydrogel swelling Today Bonding in physical hydrogels Structure and thermodynamics of block copolymer hydrog Reading

PaRT 1. THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS l.A. Background to the second Law of Thermodynamics AW 23-31(see IAW for detailed VwB&s references); VN Chapters 2, 3, 4 1-A. I Some Properties of engineering Cycles; Work and Efficiency As motivation for the development of the second law, we examine two types of processes that

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy