UNIT I: Protein Structure and Function Chapter 1: Amino Acids Chapter 2: Structure of Proteins Chapter 3: Globular Proteins Chapter 4: Fibrous Proteins Chapter 5: Enzymes UNIT II: Intermediary Metabolism Chapter 6: Bioenergetics and Oxidative Phosphorylation Chapter 7: Introduction to Carbohydrates Chapter 8: Glycolysis Chapter 9: Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Chapter 10: Gluconeogenesis Chapter 11: Glycogen Metabolism Chapter 12: Metabolism of Monosaccharides and Disaccharides Chapter 13: Pentose Phosphate Pathway and NADPH Chapter 14: Glycosaminoglycans, Proteoglycans, and Glycoproteins UNIT III: Lipid Metabolism Chapter 15: Metabolism of Dietary Lipids Chapter 16: Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism Chapter 17: Complex Lipid Metabolism Chapter 18: Cholesterol and Steroid Metabolism UNIT IV: Nitrogen Metabolism Chapter 19: Amino Acids: Disposal of Nitrogen Chapter 20: Amino Acid Degradation and Synthesis Chapter 21: Conversion of Amino Acids to Specialized Products Chapter 22: Nucle

核酸存在于每一个活细胞中，是遗传信息的携带者和传递者。核酸由核苷酸所组成，核苷酸的组成物质为嘌呤、嘧啶、核酸及核糖(或脱氧核糖)

Part I Molecular Components of Cells 1 The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena 2 Water: The Medium of Life 3 Thermodynamics of Biological Systems 4 Amino Acids and the Peptide Bond 5 Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions 6 Proteins: Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Structure 7 Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces 8 Lipids 9 Membranes and Membrane Transport 10 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 11 Structure of Nucleic Acids 12 Recombinant DNA, Cloning, Chimeric Genes, and Synthetic Biology Part II Protein Dynamics 13 Enzymes—Kinetics and Specificity 14 Mechanisms of Enzyme Action 15 Enzyme Regulation 16 Molecular Motors Part III Metabolism and Its Regulation Part IV Information Transfer

Milk is a dilute emulsion consisting of an oil/fat dispersed phase and an aqueous colloidal continuous phase. The physical properties of milk are similar to those of water but are modified by the presence of various solutes (proteins, lactose and salts) in the continuous phase and by the degree of dispersion of the emulsified and colloidal components

第一节 基因表达与基因表达调控的基本概念与特点 Basic Conceptions and Characters of Gene Expression and it’s Regulation 第二节 原核基因表达调控 Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryote 第三节 真核基因表达调控 Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryote

第一节 体液平衡 第二节 体液平衡紊乱 第三节 钠、钾、氯的测定 第四节 血气分析 第五节 酸碱平衡紊乱

第一节 DNA损伤 DNA Damage 第二节 DNA损伤的修复 The repair of DNA damage 第三节 DNA损伤和修复的意义 The significance of DNA damage and repair

第十二章 物质代谢的整合与调节 Metabolic Interrelationships & Regulation 第二节 物质代谢的相互联系 Metabolic Interrelationships 第三节 肝在物质代谢中的作用 Function of Liver in Material Metabolism 第五节 物质代谢调节的主要方式 The Way for Regulation of Metabolism

第一节 血糖及血糖浓度调节 第二节 糖尿病 第三节 低血糖症 （自学） 第四节 糖代谢的先天性异常（自学）

第一节 细胞信号转导概述 The General Information of Signal Transduction 第二节 细胞内信号转导分子 Intracellular Signal Molecules 第三节 细胞受体介导的细胞内信号转导 Signal Pathways Mediated by Different Receptors 第四节 信号转导的基本规律和复杂性 The basic rule and complexity of signal transduction and