要点3.1: 参考文献体例之一般概述 要点3.2: 英文参考文献之哈佛体例 要点3.3: 华文参考文献的相应格式 要点3.4: 电子媒体文献的引用规范

文学是语言的艺术，人们对它的理解有广狭之别。广义的文学涵盖了所有的 语言文字行为与作品，包括口头与书面两种形式；狭义的文学则指综合了情感、 想象等艺术元素的语言艺术行为与作品。在我国的魏晋时期，西方的 16-18 世纪， 狭义的文学概念得以确立。本书所介绍的审美文体（也称文学文体）即指狭义的 文学

（一）抒情的含义 情感是人对客观世界的一种特殊反映。作者在行文中自然会带着自己的情感体验和态度，抒情就是用于抒发和表达作者情感的手法。它是诗歌、散文所使用的主要表达手法之一

一、小说的涵义 （一）小说的涵义 小说是以刻画人物形象为核心，借用叙述、描写等手段来描绘环境、构造情 节、反映现实社会与生活的一种叙事文学样式。 小说的表现形式非常灵活，可以运用各种描写、叙述方式和各种表现手段来 生动地表现以人物活动为中心的社会生活的各个方面

一、材料的概念、分类与作用 （一）材料是作者从生活、学习和工作中搜集起来，可用来提炼和表现文章主题的事实和观念。材料的概念十分宽泛，它可能是作者专门进行调查研究获得的，也可能是生活和工作中不经意间得来的；它可以是写入文章中的内容，也可以是没有写入文章中的资料

Students will be able to: 1. grasp the layout and conventions of letter writing; 2. recognize the distinctions between personal letter and business letter; 3. write a letter using the right format and appropriate language. • Layout and conventions of letter writing • Business and personal letters: formal and informal distinctions

Students will be able to: 1. understand the basic contents of classified ads; 2. write personal ads for different occasions.  A brief introduction to ads in newspapers  Examples of classified ads (Group work)  Personal ads for different occasions  Assignment IV

 大纲要求  评分标准  本教程的适应对象 －有强烈的过关愿望 －有一定的英语基础 －多写、多练、多背

1. understand what a personal statement is for; 2. know the five basic sections of a personal statement; 3. build a good structure for his personal statement and highlight his motivation for the graduate program he applies for

A. Based on the information in the story, we can safely come to a lesson that everybody needs a happy life, and this happiness can play an important role in keeping our life active and meaningful. As a matter of fact, it should become our goal of life to be happy. Without happiness, many people will feel that life is empty and worthless.  B. If we read this story carefully, it is not hard for us to arrive at a lesson that everybody needs a happy life, and this happiness can play an important role in keeping our life active and meaningful. …