HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY PPT Presentation by Chen Qi Chapter 12 Reproductive Physiology Physiological Department of Medical College, Yangzhou University
Malereproduction1.Functions of testes1.1 SpermatogenesisI) begin from puberty onwards and occur throughout life2)last 64 days orso3) ejaculation-→ sperms (36 million) suspended in semen (3ml)4)ejaculated sperms remain vital for 6 days5)sertoli cells:provide microenvironmentfor spermatogenesis
1.2 testosterone1) stimulate growth of male reproductive system2) induce male secondary sex characteristics at puberty3)stimulate spermatogenesis4)required forsex drive (libido)5)stimulate skeletal muscle and bone development) stimulate erythropoietin secretion
2.Hormonal control of male reproductionGnRHhypothalamus......anteriorLHFSHpituitary.....................SertoliLeydigcellcell...........inhibintestosteronespermatogenesis
Femalereproduction1.Functions of ovary1.1 OogenesisD) oogenesis begins in utero→l-2 million primary oocytes at birthfrom puberty, form mature ovum cyelically3) ovulated egg remains vital for only 1-2 dayFollicle: secret estrogencorpus luteum: secretprogesterone, estrogen, inhibin
D Estrogenfollicles, corpus luteum, placenta induce female secondary sex characteristicscontrol theuterine cyclemaintain pregnancy after implantation stimulate further breast development during pregnancy2)Progesterone一corpus luteum,placentamaintain pregnancy stimulate breast development both at puberty and pregnancy
2. Hormonal control of ovarian functionGnRHFSHLH@LH surgefollicleovulationprogesteronecorpus luteumestrogenandrogenoogenesisestrogens
3.Femalereproductivecycle (28days)3.1 Ovarian cycle follicular phase; luteal phase3.2 Uterine cycle :menstrual phase :proliferative phase ;secretory phase3.3 Hormonal control of ovarian and uterine cvcleFSH↑→dominant follicle→E↑↑→LH surge-→ovulationcorpus luteum→P个个,E个degeneration-→Pll,El