国家开放大学：2008—2009学年第二学期“开放专科”英语专业英语阅读（1）期末试题（7月）.pdf_大学文库

for a company in Beijing.Last September,when he saw in the China Youth News a notice recruiting volunteers to go to poor areas to help local people eradicate poverty,Cai suddenly found it was something he really wanted to do and immediately applied,Two months later, Cai became a member of the first group of volunteers in the Poverty Relief Relay Program, and,given a year's leave by his company,went to Jingle County in Shanxi Province with 21 other members. 2 The Poverty Relief Relay Program was launched by the China Young Volunteers Association (CYVA)in order to recruit volunteers from all walks of life to work in poor areas and share their experience,in education,medicine,science and technology.Each group of volunteers puts in one year of service. 3 CYVA was founded in 1994,aimed at motivating young people to provide voluntary service for the public good.As the first and largest organization of its kind in China,it has had an extensive impact on social welfare programs in China. 4 The Poverty Relief Relay Program was conceived in June of 1996,when the CYVA investigated several rural counties in northern China and finally chose Jingle as the first target for the program,In September,a notice to recruit volunteers was published in several newspapers,requiring participants to have an educational level higher than junior college and qualifications for educational,or medical,or technical work.In addition,volunteers had to have their employers'approval for a year's leave and a guarantee of being able to resume employment after a year's service.Usually,these volunteers have their salary suspended until they return. 5 To the great surprise of the CYVA,their ads received a heavy response.In the half month following the publication of the notice,the association received more than 200 letters and telephone calls,and 171 applications were processed.Twenty volunteers were to make up the first group,but consequently two more members were added.According to a survey conducted by a local newspaper in Beijing,most young people who had heard of the program expressed a willingness to participate. Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2. 11.Cai Chunlong A.is a graduate student at college B.is working for China Youth C.is a market researcher in a company 910

for a company in Beijing. Last September, when he saw in the China Youth News a notice recruiting volunteers to go to poor areas to help local people eradicate poverty, Cal suddenly found it was something he really wanted to do and immediately applied, Two months later, Cai became a member of the first group of volunteers in the Poverty Relief Relay Program， and，given a year's leave by his company, went to Jingle County in Shanxi Province with 21 other members. 2The Poverty Relief Relay Program was launched by the China Young Volunteers Association (CYVA) in order to recruit volunteers from all walks of life to work in poor areas and share their experience, in education, medicine, science and technology. Each group of volunteers puts in one year of service. 3CYVA was founded in 1994，aimed at motivating young people to provide voluntary service for the public good. As the first and largest organization of its kind in China，it has had an extensive impact on social welfare programs in China, 4The Poverty Relief Relay Program was conceived in June of 1996，when the CYVA investigated several rural counties in northern China and finally chose Jingle as the first target for the program, In September, a notice to recruit volunteers was published in several newspapers，requiring participants to have an educational level higher than junior college and qualifications for educational，or medical，or technical work. In addition, volunteers had to have their employers’approval for a year's leave and a guarantee of being able to resume employment after a year's service. Usually, these volunteers have their salary suspended until they return. 5To the great surprise of the CYVA, their ads received a heavy response. In the half month following the publication of the notice, the association received more than 200 letters and telephone calls, and 171 applications were processed. Twenty volunteers were to make up the first group, but consequently two more members were added. According to a survey conducted by a local newspaper in Beijing, most young people who had heard of the program expressed a willingness to participate. Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2. 11.Cai Chunlong A. is a graduate student at college B. is working for China Youth C. is a market researcher in a company 910

20.The findings from the survey by the local newspaper prove that A.most young people have never heard of the programme B.very few people are interested in the programme C.many young people are willing to offer some help to others PartⅢ Read Passage 3 and decide whether the following statements are true or false.Write T for true and F for false on your answer sheet.(20 points,2 points each) Passage 3 Care of the Elderly:A Family Matter 1 Who takes care of the elderly in the United States today?Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age,their families place them in nursing homes,They are left there in the hands of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their grown children visit them only occasionally,but more often,they do not have any regular visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-a fictitious story.In fact.family members provide over 80 percent of the care that elderly people need. 2 Samuel H.Preston,a sociologist at the University of Pennsylvania,studied how the American family is changing,He reported that by the time the average American couple reaches 40 years of age,they have more parents than children.This statistic shows the change in life-styles and responsibilities of aging Americans.The average middle-aged couple can look forward to caring for elderly parents some time after their own children have grown up.Moreover,because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ago, family members must provide long-term care.These facts also mean that after caregivers provide care for their elderly parents,who will eventually die,they will be old and may require care too.When they do,their spouses will probably take care of them. 3 Because Americans are living longer than ever,more psychologists and social workers have begun to study caregiving to improve care of the elderly.They have found that all caregivers share a common characteristic:All caregivers believe that they are the best person for the job,for different reasons.One caregiver said that she had always been close to her mother.Another was the oldest child.Another was the youngest child.In other words, they all felt that they could do the job better than anyone else.Social workers interviewed 912

20. The findings from the survey by the local newspaper prove that_ . A. most young people have never heard of the programme B. very few people are interested in the programme C. many young people are willing to offer some help to others Part lu Read Passage 3 and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false on your answer sheet. (20 points, 2 points each) Passage 3 Care of the Elderly : A Family Matter 1Who takes care of the elderly in the United States today? Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes, They are left there in the hands of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their grown children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any regular visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth一 a fictitious story. In fact. family members provide over 80 percent of the care that elderly people need. 2Samuel H. Preston, a sociologist at the University of Pennsylvania, studied how the American family is changing, He reported that by the time the average American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. This statistic shows the change in life-styles and responsibilities of aging Americans. The average middle-aged couple can look forward to caring for elderly parents some time after their own children have grown up. Moreover, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ago, family members must provide long-term care. These facts also mean that after caregivers provide care for their elderly parents, who will eventually die, they will be old and may require care too. When they do, their spouses will probably take care of them. 3 Because Americans are living longer than ever, more psychologists and social workers have begun to study caregiving to improve care of the elderly. They have found that all caregivers share a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best person for the job, for different reasons. One caregiver said that she had always been close to her mother. Another was the oldest child. Another was the youngest child. In other words, they all felt that they could do the job better than anyone else. Social workers interviewed 912

caregivers to find out why they took on the responsibility of caring for an elderly,dependent relative.They discovered three basic reasons.Many caregivers believed that they had an obligation to help their relative.Some stated that helping others made them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping someone now,they would deserve care when they became old and dependent. 4 When people care for an elderly relative,they often do not use available community services,such as adult daycare centers.If the caregivers are adult children.they are more likely to use such services.especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast,a spouse,usually the wife,is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home.Social workers discovered that the reason for this difference was fear of poverty.An ill,elderly person may live for years,and medical care and nursing homes are very expensive.An elderly couple's savings can disappear very quickly.The surviving spouse,usually the wife,can be left in poverty.As a result.she often tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can. 5 Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received.They were affectionate and cooperative,However,even when caregiving is satisfying,it is hard work.Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative.One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent.Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance.On the other hand.they may want to live with their adult children.Caregivers must also learn to be assertive and ask for help from others,especially siblings,Brothers and sisters are often willing to help,but they do not know what to do. 6 We can expect to live longer lives than ever before in American history.Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a mutually satisfying experience for everyone involved. Questions 21-30 are based on Passage 3. 21.Most old people in the US are put in nursing homes by their family members. 913

caregivers to find out why they took on the responsibility of caring for an elderly, dependent relative. They discovered three basic reasons. Many caregivers believed that they had an obligation to help their relative. Some stated that helping others made them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping someone now, they would deserve care when they became old and dependent. 4When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services, such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children. they are more likely to use such services. especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse, usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discovered that the reason for this difference was fear of poverty. An ill, elderly person may live for years，and medical care and nursing homes are very expensive. An elderly couple’s savings can disappear very quickly. The surviving spouse, usually the wife, can be left in poverty. As a result. she often tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can. 5Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative, However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand. they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to be assertive and ask for help from others, especially siblings, Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they do not know what to do. 6We can expect to live longer lives than ever before in American history. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a mutually satisfying experience for everyone involved. Questions 21-30 are based on Passage 3, 21. Most old people in the US are put in nursing homes by their family members. 913