教案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业和班级 英语本科 Lecture Four 授课内容 授课学时 2 George Gordon Byron To let the students see the significance of literature; 教学目的 To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature To get to know the general clue of British literary history 教学重点与 To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism: 教学方法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 辅助手段 Projector,audio-video machine I.Life Byron was the son of a Captain of the Guards.His fathe deserted his mother after using up her fortune.At the age of 11,he succeeded to the title of his grand-uncle and became 0 Lord Byron.He was singularly handsome but born with a misformed foot which probably affected his disposition and lent a suggestion ofpathos to his make-up. He was educated at Harrow and Cambridge.While a student of nineteen,he published his first collection of poems entitled Hours of Idleness.It was severely criticized by the
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业和班级 英语本科 授课内容 Lecture Four George Gordon Byron 授课学时 2 教学目的 To let the students see the significance of literature; To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 教学重点与 难点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism； 教学方法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 辅助手段 Projector, audio-video machine I. Life Byron was the son of a Captain of the Guards. His father deserted his mother after using up her fortune. At the age of 11, he succeeded to the title of his grand-uncle and became Lord Byron. He was singularly handsome but born with a misformed foot which probably affected his disposition and lent a suggestion of pathos to his make-up. He was educated at Harrow and Cambridge. While a student of nineteen, he published his first collection of poems entitled Hours of Idleness. It was severely criticized by the 10’
conservative Edinburgh Review.Two years later,Byron replied with a sharp satire called English Bards and Scottish Reviewers,which caused great shock in the upper class,and was compared to the roar ofa young lion. In 1809 Byron started a tour of Europe and the East.He chose an unconventional and highly romantic route.Instead of speaking Paris and classical Rome,he went through Portugal, Spain,the mediteranean.Turkey,Albania,Asia Minor.The result was his Childe Harolds Pilgrimage(1812),which was a great success and made him instantly popular at twenty-four, as he himself put it,"I awoke one morning to find myself famous.” In 1815 he married a young woman of noble family,who left him one year after,saying that no honest woman with a monster.The upper class and society,which had already begun to hate him,all believed his wife and turned against him.So he left England never to retur again.For the rest of his short life,he struck back at that which had stuck him and struck very effectively.He attacked all the conventions,all the hypocrisies,and all the moral commonplaces of English society. Unfortunately,he did not content himself with attacking
conservative Edinburgh Review. Two years later, Byron replied with a sharp satire called English Bards and Scottish Reviewers, which caused great shock in the upper class, and was compared to the roar of a young lion. In 1809 Byron started a tour of Europe and the East. He chose an unconventional and highly romantic route. Instead of speaking Paris and classical Rome, he went through Portugal, Spain, the mediteranean. Turkey, Albania, Asia Minor. The result was his Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (1812), which was a great success and made him instantly popular at twenty-four, as he himself put it, “I awoke one morning to find myself famous.” In 1815 he married a young woman of noble family, who left him one year after, saying that no honest woman could live with a monster. The upper class and society, which had already begun to hate him, all believed his wife and turned against him. So he left England never to return again. For the rest of his short life, he struck back at that which had stuck him and struck very effectively. He attacked all the conventions, all the hypocrisies, and all the moral commonplaces of English society. Unfortunately, he did not content himself with attacking
social shams in his poetry,but set an example of reckless living which appeared to more than justify all the bad things about him.Byron's position was like this,"You said I was immoral when I tried to live decently.Now I shall be immoral you can do as you please about it."There wee two Byrons;one was naturally reckless,selfish and dissolute;the other was generous,heroic and truly noble. During his wandering life on the Continent,he made acquaintance with Shelley whose high-minded revolutionary optimism and passionate hope for a better world exercised certain influence upon Byron's later works.The second Byron manifested himself after the death of Shelley.He suddenly gave up writing poetry and went to Greece to help the Greeks win their liberty.He worked for them diligently,faithfully and unselfishly,but died ofa fever,before he could take part in the battle he was preparing,at the age of 36.Whatever may have been the faults of his life,his death was unquestionably the death of a hero.Today he is still considered by the Greeks one of the greatest oftheir national heroes. II.Poetic Works Byron was made famous chiefly by his long narrative and dramatic poems,among which are Childe Harold's
social shams in his poetry, but set an example of reckless living which appeared to more than justify all the bad things about him. Byron’s position was like this, “You said I was immoral when I tried to live decently. Now I shall be immoral; you can do as you please about it.” There wee two Byrons; one was naturally reckless, selfish and dissolute; the other was generous, heroic and truly noble. During his wandering life on the Continent, he made acquaintance with Shelley whose high-minded revolutionary optimism and passionate hope for a better world exercised certain influence upon Byron’s later works. The second Byron manifested himself after the death of Shelley. He suddenly gave up writing poetry and went to Greece to help the Greeks win their liberty. He worked for them diligently, faithfully and unselfishly, but died of a fever, before he could take part in the battle he was preparing, at the age of 36. Whatever may have been the faults of his life, his death was unquestionably the death of a hero. Today he is still considered by the Greeks one of the greatest of their national heroes. II. Poetic Works Byron was made famous chiefly by his long narrative and dramatic poems, among which are Childe Harold’s
Pilgrimage,Oriental Tales,Manfred,Cain,and the most important ofall Don Juan,his unfinished masterpiece. 10 Byron's short lyrics are also among the simplest and most moving ever written in the English language.The best ofthese are When We Two Parted,She Walks in Beauty,Stanzas for Music,SO We'll Go No More,and On the Day I Completed My Thirty-sixth Year,etc. In his poems,Byron reveals his sympathy with the suffering people and raises his voice against the reaction that sets up in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon.He also glorified the French Revolutionand grieved at its failure. Byron's poetry was distinguished for the novelty of his subject matter,the exotic quality ofhis descriptions oforiental scenery which he got to know during his travel,and which was unfamiliar to most of his English readers.He also introduced into English poetry a new style of character,which has often been referred to as"Byronic Hero"of"satanic Spirit".People imagined that they saw something of Byron himself in these strange figures of rebels,pirates,and desperate adventurers They were passionate,haughty,cynical,even dissolute,but undoubtedly againstall oppression. Byron's long narrative poems are intermingled with
Pilgrimage, Oriental Tales, Manfred, Cain, and the most important of all Don Juan, his unfinished masterpiece. Byron’s short lyrics are also among the simplest and most moving ever written in the English language. The best of these are When We Two Parted, She Walks in Beauty, Stanzas for Music, SO We’ll Go No More, and On the Day I Completed My Thirty-sixth Year, etc. In his poems, Byron reveals his sympathy with the suffering people and raises his voice against the reaction that sets up in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon. He also glorified the French Revolution and grieved at its failure. Byron’s poetry was distinguished for the novelty of his subject matter, the exotic quality of his descriptions of oriental scenery which he got to know during his travel, and which was unfamiliar to most of his English readers. He also introduced into English poetry a new style of character, which has often been referred to as ”Byronic Hero” of “satanic Spirit”. People imagined that they saw something of Byron himself in these strange figures of rebels, pirates, and desperate adventurers. They were passionate, haughty, cynical, even dissolute, but undoubtedly against all oppression. Byron’s long narrative poems are intermingled with 10’
innumerable digressions which express his opinions on different political,social and cultural problems.But these digressions often spoil the coherence and unity of his poems. 10: They attract less interest from the later generation than from his contemporaries. Scattered through his works one finds magnificent descriptions ofnatural scenery and exquisite lyrics of love and despair.The wonderful beauty of nature,the spontaneous outflow of youthful enthusiasm,the gloomy mood of melancholy,which are established aspects of Romanticism at the beginning of the 19th century,are all there in his poetry. On the other hand,Byron was also deeply influenced by the artificial standards of the ancients,especially Pope and his school.He never believed himself to break away from tradition,and his lucid perfection of form is akin to the Classical ideal. Byron's poetic style is loose,fluent,and vivid.Ease and raciness are always characteristic of him.He is the master of cutting wit and biting repartee,and superior in imagery and diction.Sometimes his poems are too oratorical to be truly poetic,and they are often mixed with bombast and rhetoric. His cynicism and pessimism,his excessive individualism,and
innumerable digressions which express his opinions on different political, social and cultural problems. But these digressions often spoil the coherence and unity of his poems. They attract less interest from the later generation than from his contemporaries. Scattered through his works one finds magnificent descriptions of natural scenery and exquisite lyrics of love and despair. The wonderful beauty of nature, the spontaneous outflow of youthful enthusiasm, the gloomy mood of melancholy, which are established aspects of Romanticism at the beginning of the 19th century, are all there in his poetry. On the other hand, Byron was also deeply influenced by the artificial standards of the ancients, especially Pope and his school. He never believed himself to break away from tradition, and his lucid perfection of form is akin to the Classical ideal. Byron’s poetic style is loose, fluent, and vivid. Ease and raciness are always characteristic of him. He is the master of cutting wit and biting repartee, and superior in imagery and diction. Sometimes his poems are too oratorical to be truly poetic, and they are often mixed with bombast and rhetoric. His cynicism and pessimism, his excessive individualism, and 10’
his continual posing as the hero in his own verse mar the true poetic qualities ofmany ofhis longer works. Byron's poetry won great popularity both at home and abroad.Although today Shelley and Keats are given a highe place as poets,in their own time,they were largely unknown. while Byron was read all over Europe and was hailed as a champion of liberty.His works exerted a very powerful influence on the literature of France,Germany,Italy and Russia,and were translated into all European languages.He still remains one of the most influential Romantic poets to foreign readers. Byronic hero A theme that pervades much of Byron's work is that of the Byronic hero,an idealized but flawed character whose attributes include: 10 1)being a rebel:2)having a distaste for social institutions:3) being an exile;4)expressing a lack of respect for rank and privilege;5)having great talent;6)hiding an unsavoury past; 7)being highly passionate;8)ultimately,being self-destructive One of Byron's most popular works in his lifetime,the closet play Manfred,was loosely modeled on Goethe's anti-hero
his continual posing as the hero in his own verse mar the true poetic qualities of many of his longer works. Byron’s poetry won great popularity both at home and abroad. Although today Shelley and Keats are given a higher place as poets, in their own time, they were largely unknown, while Byron was read all over Europe and was hailed as a champion of liberty. His works exerted a very powerful influence on the literature of France, Germany, Italy and Russia, and were translated into all European languages. He still remains one of the most influential Romantic poets to foreign readers. Byronic hero A theme that pervades much of Byron's work is that of the Byronic hero, an idealized but flawed character whose attributes include: 1) being a rebel; 2) having a distaste for social institutions; 3) being an exile; 4) expressing a lack of respect for rank and privilege; 5) having great talent; 6) hiding an unsavoury past; 7) being highly passionate; 8) ultimately, being self-destructive One of Byron's most popular works in his lifetime, the closet play Manfred, was loosely modeled on Goethe's anti-hero, 10’
Faust Byron's influence was manifested by many authors and artists of the Romantic movement during the 19th century and beyond.An example of such a hero is Heathcliff from Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights. Ⅲ Epistle to augusta My sister!my sweet sister!ifa name Dearer and purer were,it should be thine Mountainsand seas divideus,but I claim 10 No tears,but tenderness to answer mine: Go where I will,to me thou art the same A loved regret which I would not resign. There yet aretwo things in my destiny,- A world to roam through,and a home with thee 书寄奥古斯达 ◆我的姐姐！我亲密的姐姐！假如有 ◆比这更亲更纯的名称，它该说给你： ◆千山万水隔开了我们，但我要求 ◆不是你的泪，而是回答我的情谊。 ◆无论我漂泊何方，你在我的心头 ◆永远是一团珍爱的情愫，一团痛惜
Faust. Byron's influence was manifested by many authors and artists of the Romantic movement during the 19th century and beyond. An example of such a hero is Heathcliff from Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights. III. Epistle to augusta My sister! my sweet sister! if a name Dearer and purer were, it should be thine; Mountains and seas divide us, but I claim No tears, but tenderness to answer mine: Go where I will, to me thou art the same - A loved regret which I would not resign. There yet are two things in my destiny, - A world to roam through, and a home with thee. 书寄奥古斯达 我的姐姐！我亲密的姐姐！假如有 比这更亲更纯的名称，它该说给你： 千山万水隔开了我们，但我要求 不是你的泪，而是回答我的情谊。 无论我漂泊何方，你在我的心头 永远是一团珍爱的情愫，一团痛惜。 10’
◆呵，我这余生还有两件事情留给我 ◆或漂游世界，或与你共享家庭之乐 Stanzas to Augusta Though the day ofmy destiny'sover, And the star ofmy fate hath declined, Thy soft heart refusedto discover o The faults which so many could find; Though thy soul with my grief was acquainted, It shrunk not to share it with me, And the love which my spirit hathpainted It never hath found but in thee. 给奥古斯达的诗章 虽然我的多事之秋已经过去， 我命运的星宿却逐渐暗淡， 你的柔情的心却拒绝承认 许多人已经看出的缺点： 虽然你的心熟知我的悲哀， 它却毫不畏缩和我分尝： 呵，我的灵魂所描绘的爱情 哪里去找？除非是在你心上
呵，我这余生还有两件事情留给我—— 或漂游世界，或与你共享家庭之乐。 Stanzas to Augusta Though the day of my destiny's over, And the star of my fate hath declined, Thy soft heart refused to discover The faults which so many could find; Though thy soul with my grief was acquainted, It shrunk not to share it with me, And the love which my spirit hath painted It never hath found but in thee. 给奥古斯达的诗章 一 虽然我的多事之秋已经过去， 我命运的星宿却逐渐暗淡， 你的柔情的心却拒绝承认 许多人已经看出的缺点； 虽然你的心熟知我的悲哀， 它却毫不畏缩和我分尝； 呵，我的灵魂所描绘的爱情 哪里去找？除非是在你心上。 10’
IV.Major works: Childe Harold's Pilgrimage The Vision of Judgment Manfred 5 Don Juan Cain V.Selected readings: She Walks in Beauty This is by far the most quoted poem of Lord Byron's.It wa inspired by Mrs.Wilmot,Byron's cousin,when he saw her wearinga spangled dressat Lady Sitwell's party in June.1814. 10 Byron's friend,James W.Webster,had written about the event: "I did take him to Lady Sitwell's party in Seymour Road.He there for the first time saw his cousin,the Beautiful Mrs Wilmot.When we returned to his rooms in Albany,he said little,but desired Fletcher to give him a tumbler of Brandy. which he drank at once to Mrs.Wilmot's health,then retired to rest,and was,I heard afterwards,in a sad state all night. The next day he wrote those charming lines upon her-She walks in Beauty like the Night. She walks in beauty,like the night
IV. Major works: Childe Harold's Pilgrimage The Vision of Judgment Manfred Don Juan Cain V. Selected readings: She Walks in Beauty This is by far the most quoted poem of Lord Byron's. It was inspired by Mrs. Wilmot, Byron's cousin, when he saw her wearing a spangled dress at Lady Sitwell's party in June, 1814. Byron's friend, James W. Webster, had written about the event : "I did take him to Lady Sitwell's party in Seymour Road. He there for the first time saw his cousin, the Beautiful Mrs. Wilmot. When we returned to his rooms in Albany, he said little, but desired Fletcher to give him a tumbler of Brandy, which he drank at once to Mrs. Wilmot's health, then retired to rest, and was, I heard afterwards, in a sad state all night. The next day he wrote those charming lines upon her -She walks in Beauty like the Night. " She walks in beauty, like the night 5’ 10’
Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that's best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellow'd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. 她走在美的光彩中，象夜晚 皎洁无云而且繁星漫天： 明与暗的最美妙的色泽 在她的仪容和秋波里呈现： 耀目的白天只嫌光太强， 它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。 When We Two Parted It tells the story of a couple that shared a secret relationship and is forced to separate for a period oftime,and during this period,the person to whom the poem is directed to commit an 10 act of indiscretion and the speaker is shamed and betrayed.If he should meet his beloved again,he will greet her with “silence and tears.” The poem is about Frances Webster,whom Byron didn't seduce because she was a newlywed;but within a year it was reported she was having an affair with someone else,so Byron
Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that's best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellow'd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. 她走在美的光彩中，象夜晚 皎洁无云而且繁星漫天； 明与暗的最美妙的色泽 在她的仪容和秋波里呈现： 耀目的白天只嫌光太强， 它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。 When We Two Parted It tells the story of a couple that shared a secret relationship and is forced to separate for a period of time, and during this period, the person to whom the poem is directed to commit an act of indiscretion and the speaker is shamed and betrayed. If he should meet his beloved again, he will greet her with “silence and tears.” The poem is about Frances Webster, whom Byron didn’t seduce because she was a newlywed; but within a year it was reported she was having an affair with someone else, so Byron 10’