教 案 课程名称 英因文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture nine: Introduction to John Milton I 学时数 2 To let the students see the significance of literature; 教学目的 Toet the studentshave the of To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难点 To get to know some key terms Toknowsomemthods for iterary apprectiondm 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector,audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories Open questions and answers in class 教学法Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 John Milton(1608-1674) 1.0 Life and literary career 5 Milton was born in London in1608.His education began at St. Paul's school,then he went on to distinguish himself at Cambridge University,where he graduated B.A.in 1629,and M.A.in 1632.His first work is an ode On the Morning of Christ3 Nativity(《基督诞生 晨颂》，1629) After leaving Cambridge,he retired for nearly six years to his 5 father's country house in Horton,where he devoted his time chiefly to further mastery of the whole range of languages,literature science,theology,and music.During this period,Milton wrote
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture nine: Introduction to John Milton I 学时数 2 教学目的 To let the students see the significance of literature; To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重 点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难 点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector, audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories 教 学 法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 John Milton (1608-1674) 1.0 Life and literary career Milton was born in London in1608. His education began at St. Paul's school, then he went on to distinguish himself at Cambridge University, where he graduated B. A. in 1629, and M. A. in 1632. His first work is an ode On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity（《基督诞生 晨颂》，1629） After leaving Cambridge, he retired for nearly six years to his father's country house in Horton, where he devoted his time chiefly to further mastery of the whole range of languages, literature, science, theology, and music. During this period, Milton wrote 5’ 5’
L'Allegro(《快乐的人》，1632)，ⅡPenseroso(《沉思的人》，1632) 5 Lycidas(《利西达斯》，1638)，Coms(《科玛斯》，1634). In 1638 he left England to complete his education with two 5 years of travel in Europe,France,Switzerland and Italy.When he returned home in 1639,England was on the verge of a civil war.He soon plunged himself into the struggle and gave all his energies to the writingof pamphlets dedicated to the people'sliberty. Milton was married to Mary Powell in June 1642,but the marriage proved to an unhappy one.So for several years Milton issued pamphlets in which he argued that all Englishmen should have the right to get a divorce.Inl644,he published Areopagitica《论出 版自由》，asa declarationofpeople's freedom from press. After the Revolution succeeded,Milton became Latin Secretary 5 to the council of Foreign Affairs in 1649.He wrote a number of pamphlets defending the English revolution,such as Defence of the English People(《为英国人民辩护》，l651),and Second Defence of the English People(《为英国人民再辩护》，1654).Until the end of the Commonwealth,there were two leaders in England,Cromwell the man of action,and Milton the man ofthought. Milton went blind in 1652,doubtlessly due to the severe 5 eyestrain brought on by ceaseless reading and Latin composition With the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660,Milton not only was
L’Allegro (《快乐的人》，1632), Il Penseroso (《沉思的人》，1632), Lycidas (《利西达斯》，1638), Comus (《科玛斯》，1634). In 1638 he left England to complete his education with two years of travel in Europe, France, Switzerland and Italy. When he returned home in 1639, England was on the verge of a civil war. He soon plunged himself into the struggle and gave all his energies to the writing of pamphlets dedicated to the people’s liberty. Milton was married to Mary Powell in June 1642, but the marriage proved to an unhappy one. So for several years Milton issued pamphlets in which he argued that all Englishmen should have the right to get a divorce. In 1644, he published Areopagitica《论出 版自由》, as a declaration of people’s freedom from press. After the Revolution succeeded, Milton became Latin Secretary to the council of Foreign Affairs in 1649. He wrote a number of pamphlets defending the English revolution, such as Defence of the English People (《为英国人民辩护》，1651), and Second Defence of the English People (《为英国人民再辩护》，1654). Until the end of the Commonwealth, there were two leaders in England, Cromwell the man of action, and Milton the man of thought. Milton went blind in 1652, doubtlessly due to the severe eyestrain brought on by ceaseless reading and Latin composition. With the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Milton not only was 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
confronted,but also was imprisoned and threatened with execution Through the intervention of some friends who carried some influence with the new royal government,Milton was let off with a fine and some loss of property.Shortly afterward,living in blindness and virtual seclusion from all but the members of his immediate family, Milton began his masterpiece Paradise Lost.Before his death Milton published two other works on a grand scale,Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes.Both appeared in 1671:neither is as successful as Paradise Lost.Milton died in 1674 2.0 Major Works: Paradise Lost《失乐园》，1665 5 Paradise Regained《复乐园》，1671 Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》，1671 2.1 Paradise Lost Paradise Lost is Milton's masterpiece,and the greatest English 5 epic.It is a long epic in 12 books,written in blank verse.The stories were taken from the Old Testament:the creation;the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angels;their defeat and expulsion from Heaven;the creation of the earth and of Adam and Eve;the fallen angels in hell plotting against God:Satan's temptation of Eve. 5 the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden;and the possible salvation
confronted, but also was imprisoned and threatened with execution. Through the intervention of some friends who carried some influence with the new royal government, Milton was let off with a fine and some loss of property. Shortly afterward, living in blindness and virtual seclusion from all but the members of his immediate family, Milton began his masterpiece Paradise Lost. Before his death Milton published two other works on a grand scale, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes. Both appeared in 1671; neither is as successful as Paradise Lost. Milton died in 1674. 2.0 Major Works: Paradise Lost 《失乐园》，1665 Paradise Regained 《复乐园》，1671 Samson Agonistes 《力士参孙》，1671 2.1 Paradise Lost Paradise Lost is Milton's masterpiece, and the greatest English epic. It is a long epic in 12 books, written in blank verse. The stories were taken from the Old Testament: the creation; the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angels; their defeat and expulsion from Heaven; the creation of the earth and of Adam and Eve; the fallen angels in hell plotting against God; Satan's temptation of Eve; the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden; and the possible salvation. 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
A.The Story 5 B.Theme and Characterization The poem,on the surface,was "to justify the ways of God to man",i.e.to preach submission to the Almighty.But under the surface,the main idea of the poem is the heroic revolt against God's authority In the poem God is no better than a selfish despot.It has been 5 noted by many critics that the picture of God surrounded by his angels resembles the court of an absolute monarch.While the rebel Satan who rises against God and,though defeated,still seeks for revenge.Satan and his followers who freely discuss all issues in 5” council bear close resemblance to a republican Parliament.This epic expresses the reactionary forces of his time and shows passionate appeal for freedom. The theme is also about the fall of Men:man's disobedience and 5 the loss of Paradise.But having done it,Adam and Eve get freedom They embody Milton's belief in the powers of man.Their craving for knowledge denied them by God,as Milton stresses,adds a particular significance to their character.It is this longing for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to an intelligent and active life What makes Paradise Lost a powerful poem is precisely the 5 way in which the Biblical past is pulled into the present in an
A. The Story B. Theme and Characterization The poem, on the surface, was "to justify the ways of God to man", i. e. to preach submission to the Almighty. But under the surface, the main idea of the poem is the heroic revolt against God's authority. In the poem God is no better than a selfish despot. It has been noted by many critics that the picture of God surrounded by his angels resembles the court of an absolute monarch. While the rebel Satan who rises against God and, though defeated, still seeks for revenge. Satan and his followers who freely discuss all issues in council bear close resemblance to a republican Parliament. This epic expresses the reactionary forces of his time and shows passionate appeal for freedom. The theme is also about the fall of Men: man’s disobedience and the loss of Paradise. But having done it, Adam and Eve get freedom. They embody Milton's belief in the powers of man. Their craving for knowledge denied them by God, as Milton stresses, adds a particular significance to their character. It is this longing for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to an intelligent and active life. What makes Paradise Lost a powerful poem is precisely the way in which the Biblical past is pulled into the present in an 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
intriguing way.Running through the poem are the key political 5 questions of freedom and choice.From the perspective of Satan and his followers,rebellion against God was inevitable.The revolt may have failed,but it has left them their freedom.The final image ofthe 5 poem is profoundly forward-looking,an image of gain through loss. As Adam and Eve go hand in hand out of Eden,the loss of Paradise is seen as the gain of a future for humanity on earth
intriguing way. Running through the poem are the key political questions of freedom and choice. From the perspective of Satan and his followers, rebellion against God was inevitable. The revolt may have failed, but it has left them their freedom. The final image of the poem is profoundly forward-looking, an image of gain through loss. As Adam and Eve go hand in hand out of Eden, the loss of Paradise is seen as the gain of a future for humanity on earth. 5’ 5’
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture ten: Introduction to John Milton II 学时数 2 To let the students see the significance ofliterature 教学目的 ssion of British literature studentsget basic kmowedge of British iterature 重点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector,audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories Open questions and answers in class 教学法 Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 The Image of Satan 5 The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell,and Satan is the real hero of the poem.As a conquered and banished giant,he remains obeyed and admired by those who follow him down to hell.It is always from him that deep counsels,unlooked-for resources and courageous deeds proceed.It is he who,passing 5 through the guarded gates of hell and boundless chaos,amid so many dangers,and overcoming so many obstacles,makes man revolt against God.Though defeated,he prevails,since he has won from God the third part of his angels,and almost all the sons of Adam Though feebler,he remains superior in nobility,since he prefers 5
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture ten: Introduction to John Milton II 学时数 2 教学目的 To let the students see the significance of literature; To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重 点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难 点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector, audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories 教 学 法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 The Image of Satan The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell, and Satan is the real hero of the poem. As a conquered and banished giant, he remains obeyed and admired by those who follow him down to hell. It is always from him that deep counsels, unlooked-for resources and courageous deeds proceed. It is he who, passing through the guarded gates of hell and boundless chaos, amid so many dangers, and overcoming so many obstacles, makes man revolt against God. Though defeated, he prevails, since he has won from God the third part of his angels, and almost all the sons of Adam. Though feebler, he remains superior in nobility, since he prefers 5’ 5’ 5’
independence to happy servility,and welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory,a liberty and a joy.To Milton,the proud and somber Satan represented the spirit of rebellion against an unjust 5 authority.By using Satan as his mouthpiece,Milton is uttering his intense hatred oftyranny in the capacity ofthe Revolutionary. 2.0 Paradise Regained It explores the theme of temptation and fall and shows how 5 humankind,in the person of Christ,withstands the tempter and is established once more in the divine favor 3.0 Samson Agonistes 5 Samson Agonistes is a poetical drama modeled on the Greek tragedy.The story was taken from the Old Testament.Samson was an athlete of the Israelites.He stood as their champion,fighting for the freedom of his country.But he was betrayed by his wife and blinded by his enemies the Philistines.One day he was summoned to provide 5 amusement for his enemies by feats of strength in a temple.There he wreaked his vengeance upon his enemies by pulling down the temple upon them and upon himselfin a common ruin. In this poetical drama,Milton is telling us his own story.Like 心 Samson,he has been betrayed by his wife.He has suffered from blindness and been scorned by his enemies,and yet he has struggled heroically against his enemies.So the whole poem strongly suggests
independence to happy servility, and welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy. To Milton, the proud and somber Satan represented the spirit of rebellion against an unjust authority. By using Satan as his mouthpiece, Milton is uttering his intense hatred of tyranny in the capacity of the Revolutionary. 2.0 Paradise Regained It explores the theme of temptation and fall and shows how humankind, in the person of Christ, withstands the tempter and is established once more in the divine favor. 3.0 Samson Agonistes Samson Agonistes is a poetical drama modeled on the Greek tragedy. The story was taken from the Old Testament. Samson was an athlete of the Israelites. He stood as their champion, fighting for the freedom of his country. But he was betrayed by his wife and blinded by his enemies the Philistines. One day he was summoned to provide amusement for his enemies by feats of strength in a temple. There he wreaked his vengeance upon his enemies by pulling down the temple upon them and upon himself in a common ruin. In this poetical drama, Milton is telling us his own story. Like Samson, he has been betrayed by his wife. He has suffered from blindness and been scorned by his enemies, and yet he has struggled heroically against his enemies. So the whole poem strongly suggests 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
Milton's passionate longing that he too could bring destruction down uponthe enemy at the cost ofhis own life.Samson is Milton. 4.0Features of Milton's Poetry or Milton's contribution A.Milton is a great revolutionary poet of the 17th century.He is also an outstanding political pamphleteer of the Revolution period.He made a strong influence on the later progressive English poets. B.Milton is a great stylist.His poetry has a grand style.That is 5 because he made a life-long study of classical and Biblical literature. C.Milton is a great master of blank verse.He is the glorious pioneer 5 to introduce blank verse into non-dramatic poetry.He has used it as the main tool in his masterpiece Paradise Lost.His blank verse is rich in every poetic quality and never monotonous. D.Milton wrote the greatest epic in English literature.He made a 5 strong influenceo later English poetry. E.His poetry is noted for sublimity of thought and majesty of 5 expression. 5.0 Comments on his major works Paradise Lost is long epic poem divided into 12 books.The theme is the fall of men:man's disobedience and the loss thereupon of Paradise.In heaven,Satan led a revolt against God.Defeated,he and his followers were cast into Hell.However,Satan refused to
Milton's passionate longing that he too could bring destruction down upon the enemy at the cost of his own life. Samson is Milton. 4.0Features of Milton's Poetry or Milton’s contribution A. Milton is a great revolutionary poet of the 17th century. He is also an outstanding political pamphleteer of the Revolution period. He made a strong influence on the later progressive English poets. B. Milton is a great stylist. His poetry has a grand style. That is because he made a life-long study of classical and Biblical literature. C. Milton is a great master of blank verse. He is the glorious pioneer to introduce blank verse into non-dramatic poetry. He has used it as the main tool in his masterpiece Paradise Lost. His blank verse is rich in every poetic quality and never monotonous. D. Milton wrote the greatest epic in English literature. He made a strong influence o later English poetry. E. His poetry is noted for sublimity of thought and majesty of expression. 5.0 Comments on his major works Paradise Lost is long epic poem divided into 12 books. The theme is the fall of men: man’s disobedience and the loss thereupon of Paradise. In heaven, Satan led a revolt against God. Defeated, he and his followers were cast into Hell. However, Satan refused to 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
accept his failure,vowing that all was not lost and that he would have 5 revenge for his downfall.The poem goes on to tell how Satan took revenge by tempting Adam and Eve,human creatures created by God,to eat fruit from the Tree of Knowledge against God's instructions.For their disobedience Adam and Eve were driven out of 5” Paradise to the Earth.They were sorry for what they had done and prayed to God.In the last book they were given the hope for redemption.In the end,hand in hand,they walked away from Paradise and the gates of Eden were closed behind them.In this epic 5 poem Satan is the most successfully portrayed character.He was evil, rebellious,courageous,heroic and tragic. Samson Agonistes is a poetical drama modeled on the Greek tragedies.Samson was an athlete,who stood as champion fighting for the freedom of his country.But he was betrayed by his wife Dalilah,who cut his hair,which was the source ofhis power.Then he was defeated and blinded by his enemies the Philistines.Led into the 5 temple to receive insult,he wreaked his vengeance upon his enemies by pulling down the temple upon them and upon himself in a common ruin.The whole poem strongly suggests Milton's passionate 5 longing that he too could bring destruction down upon the enemy at the cost ofhis life.In this sense,Samson is Milton
accept his failure, vowing that all was not lost and that he would have revenge for his downfall. The poem goes on to tell how Satan took revenge by tempting Adam and Eve, human creatures created by God, to eat fruit from the Tree of Knowledge against God’s instructions. For their disobedience Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise to the Earth. They were sorry for what they had done and prayed to God. In the last book they were given the hope for redemption. In the end, hand in hand, they walked away from Paradise and the gates of Eden were closed behind them. In this epic poem Satan is the most successfully portrayed character. He was evil, rebellious, courageous, heroic and tragic. Samson Agonistes is a poetical drama modeled on the Greek tragedies. Samson was an athlete, who stood as champion fighting for the freedom of his country. But he was betrayed by his wife Dalilah, who cut his hair, which was the source of his power. Then he was defeated and blinded by his enemies the Philistines. Led into the temple to receive insult, he wreaked his vengeance upon his enemies by pulling down the temple upon them and upon himself in a common ruin. The whole poem strongly suggests Milton’s passionate longing that he too could bring destruction down upon the enemy at the cost of his life. In this sense, Samson is Milton. 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’