教 案 课程名称 英因文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture five: Introduction to William Shakespeare I 学时数 2 To let the students see the significance of literature; 教学目的 Tolet thestudentshave the To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature To get to know the general clue of British literary history 重点 To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难点 To get to know some key terms Toknowsomemthodsforrry appreciationnditcsm 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector,audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories Open questions and answers in class 教学法Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 English Drama in the Renaissance Period 1.1 Shakespeare's Predecessors A)Lyly,Peele,Kyd,and Marlowe 5 After 1588the flourishing period of English drama arived.The summit was Shakespeare's works.Before Shakespeare,a group of university graduates known as "University Wits"wrote excellent plays.They were John Lyly,Robert Greene,George Peele Christopher Marlowe,and Thomas Kyd. B)Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)was the greatest playwright 5 before Shakespeare and the most gifted ofthe"University Wits" Marlowe's best plays include Tamburlaine the Great,The Jew of
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture five: Introduction to William Shakespeare I 学时数 2 教学目的 To let the students see the significance of literature; To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重 点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难 点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector, audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories 教 学 法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 English Drama in the Renaissance Period 1.1 Shakespeare's Predecessors A) Lyly, Peele, Kyd, and Marlowe After 1588, the flourishing period of English drama arrived. The summit was Shakespeare's works. Before Shakespeare, a group of university graduates known as "University Wits" wrote excellent plays. They were John Lyly, Robert Greene, George Peele, Christopher Marlowe, and Thomas Kyd. B) Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) was the greatest playwright before Shakespeare and the most gifted of the "University Wits". Marlowe's best plays include Tamburlaine the Great, The Jew of 5’ 5’ 5’
Malta and Doctor Faustus. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus is Marlowe s masterpiece.The tragedy of Doctor Faustus is symbolic of a humanist in the age of Renaissance. C)Marlowe's Literary Achievement 5 Marlowe was the greatest of the pioneers of English drama.He reformed the English drama and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works.It is Marlowe who first made blank verse (unrhymed iambic pentameter)the principal instrument of English drama.His blank verse is a living thing:it is vigorous,fluid and precise.It translates thoughts and emotions into rhythmical speech with happy exactness,thus interpreting the restlessly moving and questing spirit of the Renaissance.Marlowe's dramatic achievement lies chiefly in his epical and at times lyrical verse.His works paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist-Shakespeare whose achievements were the monument of the English Renaissance. 1.2 Shakespeare's contemporary and successor 5 Ben Jonson (1572-1637)was a forerunner of classicism in English literature and the Poet Laureate of James I.he is chiefly remembered for his comedies Volpone,orthe Fox,The Alchemist
Malta and Doctor Faustus. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus is Marlowe' s masterpiece. The tragedy of Doctor Faustus is symbolic of a humanist in the age of Renaissance. C) Marlowe's Literary Achievement Marlowe was the greatest of the pioneers of English drama. He reformed the English drama and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works. It is Marlowe who first made blank verse (unrhymed iambic pentameter) the principal instrument of English drama. His blank verse is a living thing; it is vigorous, fluid and precise. It translates thoughts and emotions into rhythmical speech with happy exactness, thus interpreting the restlessly moving and questing spirit of the Renaissance. Marlowe's dramatic achievement lies chiefly in his epical and at times lyrical verse. His works paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist – Shakespeare - whose achievements were the monument of the English Renaissance. 1.2 Shakespeare’s contemporary and successor Ben Jonson (1572-1637) was a forerunner of classicism in English literature and the Poet Laureate of James I. he is chiefly remembered for his comedies Volpone, or the Fox, The Alchemist. 5’ 5’
2.0 William Shakespeare(1564-1616) 2.1Life From three sources,we know Shakespeare's life:the church and legal records,the folk traditions,and the comments of his contemporaries. Shakespeare was bor on the 23d of April,1564,in Stratford-on-Avon,Warwickshire(沃里克郡艾汶河畔的斯特拉福 镇). He got education in a local grammar school for a few years 5 There he picked up the"small Latin and less Greek". When Shakespeare was about fourteen years old,he left school and became a country schoolmaster to help support his family. In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway who was eight vears older than her husband. A few years later,Shakespeare went to London,where he first did some odd jobs.It was said that he kept horses for the audience outside the play houses.Then by 1592,he became an actor and a writer. In 1593-1594,Shakespeare published his two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape ofLucrece. In 1612 he retired from the stage and returned to his hometown,where he bought a considerable estate and lived until his
2.0 William Shakespeare (1564-1616) 2.1Life From three sources, we know Shakespeare's life: the church and legal records, the folk traditions, and the comments of his contemporaries. Shakespeare was born on the 23rd of April, 1564, in Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire( 沃里克郡艾汶河畔的斯特拉福 镇). He got education in a local grammar school for a few years. There he picked up the “small Latin and less Greek". When Shakespeare was about fourteen years old, he left school and became a country schoolmaster to help support his family. In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway who was eight years older than her husband. A few years later, Shakespeare went to London, where he first did some odd jobs. It was said that he kept horses for the audience outside the play houses. Then by 1592, he became an actor and a writer. In 1593-1594, Shakespeare published his two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece. In 1612 he retired from the stage and returned to his hometown, where he bought a considerable estate and lived until his 5’ 5’ 5’
death on April 23,1616,which was his 52nd birthday 2.2 Literary career 5 During the twenty-two years of his literary career,he produced 37 plays,154 sonnets and two long poems.Shakespeare's literary career may be divided into four major phrases which represent respectively his early,mature,flourishing,and late periods. 2.2.1 The first period(1590-1594) 5 It is the period of his apprenticeship in play-writing.His work in this period relies not so much on character as on fine or witty speech and situation and bears the mark of youth,but of youth with astonishing versatility and wonderful talent.The comedies are chiefly concerned with the affairs ofyouth and full ofromantic sentiment.In historical plays,the dramatist tried to handle political themes and give historical lessons.Besides,Shakespeare's early plays show an extraordinary facility in expression and a felicity in the choice of phrases and epithets.And blank verse developed by him into a happy vehicle to expressall kinds ofthought and emotion freely 1)historical play: 5 1590,HeyI,pam2《亨利六世，中》 1590,Henry VI part.3《亨利六世，下》 1591,Hey,pam1《亨利六世，上》 1592,RichardIlI 《查理三世》
death on April 23, 1616, which was his 52nd birthday. 2.2 Literary career During the twenty-two years of his literary career, he produced 37 plays, 154 sonnets and two long poems. Shakespeare’s literary career may be divided into four major phrases which represent respectively his early, mature, flourishing, and late periods. 2.2.1 The first period (1590-1594) It is the period of his apprenticeship in play-writing. His work in this period relies not so much on character as on fine or witty speech and situation and bears the mark of youth, but of youth with astonishing versatility and wonderful talent. The comedies are chiefly concerned with the affairs of youth and full of romantic sentiment. In historical plays, the dramatist tried to handle political themes and give historical lessons. Besides, Shakespeare’s early plays show an extraordinary facility in expression and a felicity in the choice of phrases and epithets. And blank verse developed by him into a happy vehicle to express all kinds of thought and emotion freely. 1) historical play: 1590，Henry VI, part 2 《亨利六世，中》 1590，HenryVI, part 3 《亨利六世，下》 1591，Henry VI, part 1 《亨利六世，上》 1592，Richard III 《查理三世》 5’ 5’ 5’
2)comedy: l592,The Comedy ofErrors《错误的喜剧》 1593,Taming ofthe Shrew《g驯悍记》 l594,Two Gentlemen of Verona《维洛那二绅士》 l594,Loe's Labour's Lost《爱的徒劳》 3)tragedy: 1593,Titus Andronicus《泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯》 1594,Romeo andJuliet《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 4)narrative poems 1593,enus and Adonis《维纳斯与安东尼斯》 1594,The Rape ofLucrece《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 2.2.2Thesecond period(1595-1600) It is a period of"great comedies"and mature historical plays.The dramatist made an advance in every way and the general spirit is optimism.In the historical plays of this period,different phrases of English life are shown before us.There is a great lift in characterization(人物创造)and sources the dramatist employed in this period are many and diversified.As a whole,this period is Shakespeare's sweet and joyful time,in which he succeeds in portraying a magnificent panorama of the manifold pursuits of people in real life. 1)Six Comedies:
2）comedy: 1592，The Comedy of Errors 《错误的喜剧》 1593，Taming of the Shrew 《驯悍记》 1594，Two Gentlemen of Verona 《维洛那二绅士》 1594，Love's Labour’s Lost 《爱的徒劳》 3)tragedy: 1593，Titus Andronicus《泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯》 1594，Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 4)narrative poems: 1593，Venus and Adonis 《维纳斯与安东尼斯》 1594，The Rape of Lucrece 《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 2.2.2The second period (1595-1600) It is a period of “great comedies” and mature historical plays. The dramatist made an advance in every way and the general spirit is optimism. In the historical plays of this period, different phrases of English life are shown before us. There is a great lift in characterization(人物创造)and sources the dramatist employed in this period are many and diversified. As a whole, this period is Shakespeare’s sweet and joyful time, in which he succeeds in portraying a magnificent panorama of the manifold pursuits of people in real life. 1) Six Comedies: 5’ 5’ 5’ 5’
I595,A Midsummer Night's Dream《仲夏夜之梦》 1596,The Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》 1598,The Merry Wives of Windsor《温莎的风流娘儿们》 1598,Much AdoAbout Nothing《无事生非》 1599,As You Like It《皆大欢喜》 1600,Twelfth Night《第十二夜》 2)Five historical plays: I595,RichardⅡ《查理二世》 1596 King John《约翰王》 1597,HenryIV,part1《亨利四世，上》 1597,Henry IV,pam2《亨利四世，下》 1598,HeyV《亨利五世》 3)A Roman tragedy: I599,Julius Caesar《裘力斯凯撒》 Some Sonnets 2.2.3 The third period(1601-1607) It is a period of"great tragedies”and“dark comedies"”.nthe plays of this period,the tragic note is aggravated.The sunshine and laughter of the second period has turned into clouds and storms.Even the comedies written in this period are known as"dark"because they give somber pictures ofthe world.The cause of such a change should be sought from Shakespeare's change of moods as influenced by the
1595，A Midsummer Night's Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》 1596，The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 1598，The Merry Wives of Windsor《温莎的风流娘儿们》 1598，Much Ado About Nothing 《无事生非》 1599，As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》 1600，Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 2) Five historical plays: 1595，Richard II《查理二世》 1596King John《约翰王》 1597，Henry IV, part 1 《亨利四世，上》 1597，Henry IV, part 2 《亨利四世，下》 1598，Henry V 《亨利五世》 3) A Roman tragedy: 1599，Julius Caesar《裘力斯·凯撒》 Some Sonnets 2.2.3 The third period (1601-1607) It is a period of “great tragedies” and “dark comedies”. In the plays of this period, the tragic note is aggravated. The sunshine and laughter of the second period has turned into clouds and storms. Even the comedies written in this period are known as “dark” because they give somber pictures of the world. The cause of such a change should be sought from Shakespeare’s change of moods as influenced by the 5’ 5’
social upheavals at the turn of the century.There were plots and rising against Elizabeth.In 1604,the Earl of Southampton, Shakespeare's patron,was arrested by James L. 1)Five tragedies: 1601,Hamlet《哈姆莱特》 1604,Othello《奥赛罗》 1605,King Lear《李尔王》 1605,Macbeth《麦克白》 1607,Timon ofAthens《雅典的泰门》 2)Three comedies: 1602,Troilus and Cressida《特洛勒斯与克里西达》 1603,All's Well That Ends Well《终成眷属》 l604,Measure for Measure《一报还一报》 3)Two Romantragedies: 5 1606,Antony and Cleopatra《安东尼与克丽奥佩特拉》 1607,Coriolanus《克利奥兰纳斯》 2.2.4 The fourth period(1608-1612) 1)Four romantic comedies: 1608,Pericles,Prince ofTyre《泰尔亲王配力克里斯》 1609,Cymbeline《辛伯林》 l610,Winter's Tale《冬天的故事》 l6ll,The Tempest《暴风雨》
social upheavals at the turn of the century. There were plots and rising against Elizabeth. In 1604, the Earl of Southampton, Shakespeare’s patron, was arrested by James I. 1) Five tragedies: 1601，Hamlet 《哈姆莱特》 1604，Othello 《奥赛罗》 1605，King Lear 《李尔王》 1605，Macbeth 《麦克白》 1607，Timon of Athens《雅典的泰门》 2) Three comedies: 1602，Troilus and Cressida 《特洛勒斯与克里西达》 1603，All's Well That Ends Well《终成眷属 》 1604，Measure for Measure 《一报还一报》 3) Two Roman tragedies: 1606，Antony and Cleopatra 《安东尼与克丽奥佩特拉》 1607，Coriolanus 《克利奥兰纳斯》 2.2.4 The fourth period (1608-1612) 1) Four romantic comedies: 1608，Pericles, Prince of Tyre 《泰尔亲王配力克里斯》 1609，Cymbeline 《辛伯林》 1610，Winter's Tale 《冬天的故事》 1611，The Tempest 《暴风雨》 5’ 5’ 5’
2)A historicalplay 1612,HeyⅢ《亨利八世》
2) A historical play: 1612，Henry VIII 《亨利八世》
教 案 课程名称 英因文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture six: nodutionto William Shakespeare I学时数 2 To let the students see the significance of literature; 教学目的 To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难点 To get to know some key terms Toknowsomemthodsforrary appreciationnditcsm 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector,audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories Open questions and answers in class 教学法Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 William Shakespeare's great Comedies 5 A Midsummer Night's Dream The Merchant of Venice As You Like It,Twelfith Nightare Shakespeare's great comedies. In these plays he portrayed the young people who had just freed themselves from the feudal fetters.He sang of their youth,their love and ideal of happiness.The heroes and heroines were sons and daughters of the Renaissance.They trust not in God or King but in themselves. Shakespeare put women characters at a prominent place in his 5 comedies.He showed great respect for the dignity,honesty,wit courage,determination and resourcefulness of women.The young
教 案 课程名称 英国文学 授课专业及层次 授课内容 Lecture six: Introduction to William Shakespeare II 学时数 2 教学目的 To let the students see the significance of literature; To let the students have the general impression of British literature. To let the students get basic knowledge of British literature 重 点 To get to know the general clue of British literary history To get to know the important British writers and literary works 难 点 To get to know some key terms To know some methods for literary appreciation and criticism 自学内容 Additional reading materials about the western cultural background 使用教具 Projector, audio-video machine 相关学科知识 Western culture and general Literary theories 教 学 法 Open questions and answers in class Class discussion and analysis 讲授内容纲要、要求及时间分配 1.0 William Shakespeare’s great Comedies A Midsummer Night's Dream ，The Merchant of Venice ，As You Like It， Twelfth Night are Shakespeare’s great comedies. In these plays he portrayed the young people who had just freed themselves from the feudal fetters. He sang of their youth, their love and ideal of happiness. The heroes and heroines were sons and daughters of the Renaissance. They trust not in God or King but in themselves. Shakespeare put women characters at a prominent place in his comedies. He showed great respect for the dignity, honesty, wit, courage, determination and resourcefulness of women. The young 5’ 5’
heroines in Shakespeare's comedies are independent in character and very frank.They are no longer controlled by their parents or husbands.They are of a new type.They are witty,bold,loving laughing and faithful.They are happy and make others happy.They carry their destinies in their own hands.Shakespeare's comedies are imbued with bourgeois ideas and show progressive significance. 2.0 His great Tragedies Hamlet,Othello,King Lear:and Macbeth are Shakespeares great tragedies.They are associated with a period of gloom and sorrow in his life.During this period,England witnessed a general unrest,and social contradictions became very sharp.All of these plays express a profound dissatisfaction with life.They show the struggle and conflicts between good and evil of the tune,between justice and injustice.In these plays,the writer Shakespeare condemns the dark and evil society. 3.0 Historical Plays 5 Shakespeare's historical plays are political plays.The principal idea of these plays is the necessity for national unity under one sovereign. Shakespeare's historical plays reflect the historical events oftwo centuries from Richard II to Henry VIII.They show the horrors of civil war,the necessity for national unity,the responsibilities of
heroines in Shakespeare's comedies are independent in character and very frank. They are no longer controlled by their parents or husbands. They are of a new type. They are witty, bold, loving, laughing and faithful. They are happy and make others happy. They carry their destinies in their own hands. Shakespeare's comedies are imbued with bourgeois ideas and show progressive significance. 2.0 His great Tragedies Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth are Shakespeare's great tragedies. They are associated with a period of gloom and sorrow in his life. During this period, England witnessed a general unrest, and social contradictions became very sharp. All of these plays express a profound dissatisfaction with life. They show the struggle and conflicts between good and evil of the tune, between justice and injustice. In these plays, the writer Shakespeare condemns the dark and evil society. 3.0 Historical Plays Shakespeare's historical plays are political plays. The principal idea of these plays is the necessity for national unity under one sovereign. Shakespeare's historical plays reflect the historical events of two centuries from RichardⅡ to Henry VIII. They show the horrors of civil war, the necessity for national unity, the responsibilities of 5’ 5’