9ChapterChlorination process
Chlorination process Chapter 9
9.1IntroductionChlorohydrocarbons are the main product of thechlorinationprocess.Chlorohydrocarbons means the chlorinated compounds ofhydrocarbons,thatis,thecompoundsgenerated by substitutingoneormore,evenifallhydrogenatomsinaliphatichydrocarbons,alicyclichydrocarbonsandaromatics.Importantindustrial chlorinated aliphatichydrocarbons:Vinyl chloride, 1,2 - dichloroethane, dichloroethylene,Chloromethane,dichloromethane,chloroformCarbontetrachloride
9.1 Introduction Chlorohydrocarbons are the main product of the chlorination process. Chlorohydrocarbons means the chlorinated compounds of hydrocarbons, that is, the compounds generated by substituting one or more, even if all hydrogen atoms in aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons and aromatics. Important industrial chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons: Vinyl chloride, 1,2 - dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, Chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform Carbon tetrachloride
9.2 Main production methods of chlorinated hydrocarbon一Substituted chlorinationCH4 + Cl2CHC1 + HClCH>CH=CH2 + HC1CH3CH=CH2 + Cl2+HClCl2
9.2 Main production methods of chlorinated hydrocarbon 一、Substituted chlorination
二、AdditionchlorinationCH2=CH2 + Cl2 →C1CH2CH2C1CH=CH + Cl2 -→ CHCI-CHCI三、Hydrochlorination reaction氢氯化反应→ CH,=CHC1CH=CH +HC1CH,CH=CH2. +HOC1*CH3-CH-CH2一一OH C1
二、Addition chlorination 三、Hydrochlorination reaction (氢氯化反应 ) CH≡CH + Cl2 → CHCl=CHCl
四，Dehydrochlorination reactionCH2C1-CH2C1 → CH2=CHCI + HCICHCI2CHC -→ CHCI-CC + HCI五、Oxychlorinationreactions（氧氯化反应CuCl2CICH,CH,Cl + H20CH>=CH2 + 2HC1 + 1/2O2HC1+1/202+H20
四、Dehydrochlorination reaction CH2Cl-CH2Cl → CH2=CHCl + HCl CHCl2CHCl2 → CHCl=CCl2 + HCl 五、Oxychlorination reactions (氧氯化反应 )
六，ChlorinolysisreactionsC3H8 + 8CI2 → CCI4 + C2CI4 + 8HCIC3H6 + 7C12 CC14 + C2C14 + 6HCI
六、Chlorinolysis reactions C3H8 + 8Cl2 → CCl4 + C2Cl4 + 8HCl C3H6 + 7Cl2 → CCl4 + C2Cl4 + 6HCl
9.3Vinylchloride-,Propertiesanduse ofvinyl chlorideProductionmethod ofvinyl chloride1.Ethynemethod-124.8KJ/molCH三CH + HC1CH2=CHC1
9.3 Vinyl chloride 一、Properties and use of vinyl chloride 二、Production method of vinyl chloride 1. Ethyne method
IndustrialcatalystsHgCl/CHgCl content↑ ， activity↑， 10～20%T200 ℃,HgCllargesublimation（升华），activity decreasingTemperature control: 160～180HgCl-BaC/C,Good stabilityPoisonousLarge energy consumption, Hg
Industrial catalysts ⚫ HgCl2 /C ⚫ HgCl2 content↑ ，activity↑ ，10～20％ T200 ℃, HgCl2 large sublimation (升华)， activity decreasing Temperature control：160～180 ℃ HgCl2 -BaCl2 /C，Good stability ⚫ Large energy consumption，Hg Poisonous
2.Joint method and enyne methodCH2=CH2 + CH=CH 十C12 → 2CH2=CHCI裂解氯化热解?乙烯石油系原料二氯乙烷氯乙烯水解乙炔HCl+t电石加成
2. Joint method and enyne method CH2=CH2 + CH≡CH ＋Cl2 → 2CH2=CHCl
3.Equilibrium oxychlorination method（平衡氧氯化法CH2-CH2+ Cl12→CICH,CH,ClCH2=CH2 + 2HC1+ 1/2O2 →C1CH,CH,C1 +H202C1CHCH,C12CH2=CHC1 + 2HC12CH,=CHz +2C12+1/202* 2CH2=CHC1 +H20
3. Equilibrium oxychlorination method (平衡氧氯化法 )