RFID in Parking Lot Management 杨健 0120329038 1.Introduction of Parking Lot Management Many areas have been seen explosive growth in the number of visitors and citizens as the result of urban revitalization,suburban development,and the general trend of ever-increasing mobility What's more,people have a crash demand for personal vehicles at present with the suburban development and lives improvements.So traffic jams are really a challenging problem.Among this,Vehicle parking in medium and large cities is becoming more and more crucial as the available infrastructure is not able to contain the growth in vehicle population.There are many problems in parking lot management,not only the size of the lot,but how to use the space efficiently,how to control the waiting queue,in case of waiting too long,etc.Very often it so happens that the capacity is not utilized properly due to lack of information.As stakeholders set out to address parking management issues,they often consider Intelligent Transportation Systems.ITS applications involving APMS have been employed in Europe and Japan for several years and have been deployed in the U.S.Advanced parking management systems maintain real-time parking space inventories across a set of participating facilities.These data are used to generate parking availability messages that are distributed to travelers through several different means.Such data also help facility owners track demand.In some cases,the information is provided for pre-trip use to travelers seeking information on the Internet.In other cases,it is provided to motorists on roadways by dynamic message signs(DMS)located at key decision points along routes to a desired destination.Advanced parking management systems help travelers find parking spots quickly,thereby reducing frustration and enhancing a visitor's overall experience.Advanced parking management systems include elements from traditional traveler information systems,as well as specialized parking management applications.Advanced parking management systems offer a wide range of applications,from pre-trip Web-based information systems to navigation systems that provide turn-by-turn directions all the way to an individual parking space.This advanced parking system is really good,but the huge cost is a big concern.It is time to develop a reliable and low cost parking management system. Il.Introduction of RFID RFID stands for Radio-Frequency Identification.It refers to small electronic devices that consist of a small chip and an antenna.The chip typically is capable of carrying 2,000 bytes of data or less.It is the use of a wireless non-contact system that uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object,for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking.And for its high working speed,good anti-collision quality give it advantage over common label identification technology,so I try to use it in the parking lot management ,to
RFID in Parking Lot Management 杨健 0120329038 I. Introduction of Parking Lot Management Many areas have been seen explosive growth in the number of visitors and citizens as the result of urban revitalization, suburban development, and the general trend of ever-increasing mobility. What’s more, people have a crash demand for personal vehicles at present with the suburban development and lives improvements. So traffic jams are really a challenging problem. Among this, Vehicle parking in medium and large cities is becoming more and more crucial as the available infrastructure is not able to contain the growth in vehicle population. There are many problems in parking lot management, not only the size of the lot, but how to use the space efficiently, how to control the waiting queue, in case of waiting too long, etc. Very often it so happens that the capacity is not utilized properly due to lack of information. As stakeholders set out to address parking management issues, they often consider Intelligent Transportation Systems. ITS applications involving APMS have been employed in Europe and Japan for several years and have been deployed in the U.S. Advanced parking management systems maintain real-time parking space inventories across a set of participating facilities. These data are used to generate parking availability messages that are distributed to travelers through several different means. Such data also help facility owners track demand. In some cases, the information is provided for pre-trip use to travelers seeking information on the Internet. In other cases, it is provided to motorists on roadways by dynamic message signs (DMS) located at key decision points along routes to a desired destination. Advanced parking management systems help travelers find parking spots quickly, thereby reducing frustration and enhancing a visitor's overall experience. Advanced parking management systems include elements from traditional traveler information systems, as well as specialized parking management applications. Advanced parking management systems offer a wide range of applications, from pre-trip Web-based information systems to navigation systems that provide turn-by-turn directions all the way to an individual parking space. This advanced parking system is really good, but the huge cost is a big concern. It is time to develop a reliable and low cost parking management system. II. Introduction of RFID RFID stands for Radio-Frequency Identification. It refers to small electronic devices that consist of a small chip and an antenna. The chip typically is capable of carrying 2,000 bytes of data or less. It is the use of a wireless non-contact system that uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object, for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. And for its high working speed, good anti-collision quality give it advantage over common label identification technology, so I try to use it in the parking lot management ,to
reduce its management cost.This proposal relates to the concept of intelligent control parking lot and driver assistance system that shall be connected to a centralized traffic control authority responsible for parking enforcement and toll collection using RFID.This system would provide a more efficient and redundant way of enforcing parking control and also assist drivers for searching an available parking space.Fare collection,access control,revenue control, enforcements etc.are done through this system in an automatic way. The RFID device serves the same purpose as a bar code or a magnetic strip on the back of a credit card or ATM card;it provides a unique identifier for that object.And,just as a bar code or magnetic strip must be scanned to get the information,the RFID device must be scanned to retrieve the identifying information.The RFID has several advantages compared with other techniques. >A significant advantage of RFID devices over the others is that the RFID device does not need to be positioned precisely relative to the scanner. RFID devices will work within a few feet (up to 20 feet for high-frequency devices)of the scanner.For example,you could just put all of your groceries or purchases in a bag,and set the bag on the scanner.It would be able to query all of the RFID devices and total your purchase immediately. >RFID technology has been available for more than fifty years.It has only been recently that the ability to manufacture the RFID devices has fallen to the point where they can be used as a "throwaway"inventory or control device.Alien Technologies recently sold 500 million RFID tags to Gillette at a cost of about ten cents per tag. Ill.RFID in Parking Lot management Why RFID? First,let's have a look on the traditional parking lot management system:Manual.There must be someone sitting in the pavilion to take charge of the cars.It is really a physical work.And it brings a serious problem:in the rush hours,the waiting queue will be longer and longer.CCTV Monitoring System.The traditional ways to observe the lot is through CCTV.And people have to starring at the monitor and find which car or where they want to find.The following are several advantages of using RFID. >Costs are low.The chips for RFID are at really a low price. It's easy to scan the signal and you don't need to position precisely relative to the scanner. The technique is easy to implete
reduce its management cost. This proposal relates to the concept of intelligent control parking lot and driver assistance system that shall be connected to a centralized traffic control authority responsible for parking enforcement and toll collection using RFID. This system would provide a more efficient and redundant way of enforcing parking control and also assist drivers for searching an available parking space. Fare collection, access control, revenue control, enforcements etc. are done through this system in an automatic way. The RFID device serves the same purpose as a bar code or a magnetic strip on the back of a credit card or ATM card; it provides a unique identifier for that object. And, just as a bar code or magnetic strip must be scanned to get the information, the RFID device must be scanned to retrieve the identifying information. The RFID has several advantages compared with other techniques. A significant advantage of RFID devices over the others is that the RFID device does not need to be positioned precisely relative to the scanner. RFID devices will work within a few feet (up to 20 feet for high-frequency devices) of the scanner. For example, you could just put all of your groceries or purchases in a bag, and set the bag on the scanner. It would be able to query all of the RFID devices and total your purchase immediately. RFID technology has been available for more than fifty years. It has only been recently that the ability to manufacture the RFID devices has fallen to the point where they can be used as a "throwaway" inventory or control device. Alien Technologies recently sold 500 million RFID tags to Gillette at a cost of about ten cents per tag. III. RFID in Parking Lot management Why RFID? First, let’s have a look on the traditional parking lot management system: Manual. There must be someone sitting in the pavilion to take charge of the cars. It is really a physical work. And it brings a serious problem: in the rush hours, the waiting queue will be longer and longer. CCTV Monitoring System. The traditional ways to observe the lot is through CCTV. And people have to starring at the monitor and find which car or where they want to find. The following are several advantages of using RFID. Costs are low. The chips for RFID are at really a low price. It’s easy to scan the signal and you don’t need to position precisely relative to the scanner. The technique is easy to implete
蓝控最便机 由场 建器天线 控制中心 年场 鱼控国像机 1诗道州 个华南 境酒天线 作辆枪测器 车辆出入管理系统 In the parking lot management system,RFID is implemented to solve these three problems. How to improve the in-and-out speed; How to find the car quickly; How to park the cars to reach the highest use ratio. Problems to be sold: How to improve the in-and-out speed Instead of building a pavilion to charge and check in the cars,we can make an auto-machine to do this job In the right picture,there is orange machine standing there We can build a scanner in it.And when cars go by,the drivers don't need to get out to hand over the money,it's easy to scan the cars.On the tag, there are some information about the car and the time when does it come in and go away.What's more,the identify cards should have the function that pay for the parking fee.With further development,we can recharge through the Internet for the cards.In this way we can reduce waiting time,so as to improve the speed. ● How to find the car quickly In order to complete this function,we need poisoning technique like Zigbee.Zigbee is a free
In the parking lot management system, RFID is implemented to solve these three problems. How to improve the in-and-out speed; How to find the car quickly; How to park the cars to reach the highest use ratio. Problems to be sold: How to improve the in-and-out speed Instead of building a pavilion to charge and check in the cars, we can make an auto-machine to do this job. In the right picture, there is orange machine standing there. We can build a scanner in it .And when cars go by, the drivers don’t need to get out to hand over the money, it’s easy to scan the cars. On the tag, there are some information about the car and the time when does it come in and go away. What’s more, the identify cards should have the function that pay for the parking fee. With further development, we can recharge through the Internet for the cards. In this way we can reduce waiting time, so as to improve the speed. How to find the car quickly In order to complete this function, we need poisoning technique like Zigbee. Zigbee is a free
stable protocol for wireless sensor nodes to transmit information.Because its frequency is 2.4GHz,so it's free.And its transmit distance is between 30 and 80 meters.So we don't need to worry about that can't receive signals. We use this wireless sensor node to send its poisoning information to the server.So when the cars are guided into the lot,the information can be showed on a screen,then the drivers know where to park their cars.The system is set to update the information every 15 seconds. ● How to park the cars to reach the highest use ratio We need to develop a software to solve this problem.The server collects the poisoning information,and use it to develop a best route to guide these cars to park where they should be. IV.Conclusion It is quite clear from the above discussion that an RFID system may be a promising system that addresses all these needs of a parking lot.Though its cost is low,that means we can't provide precious information,so it deserves a better development
stable protocol for wireless sensor nodes to transmit information. Because its frequency is 2.4GHz, so it’s free. And its transmit distance is between 30 and 80 meters. So we don’t need to worry about that can’t receive signals. We use this wireless sensor node to send its poisoning information to the server. So when the cars are guided into the lot, the information can be showed on a screen , then the drivers know where to park their cars. The system is set to update the information every 15 seconds. How to park the cars to reach the highest use ratio We need to develop a software to solve this problem. The server collects the poisoning information, and use it to develop a best route to guide these cars to park where they should be. IV. Conclusion It is quite clear from the above discussion that an RFID system may be a promising system that addresses all these needs of a parking lot. Though its cost is low, that means we can’t provide precious information, so it deserves a better development