Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart Part Two Background Iformation W BT E ENTER
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart Part Two ENTER
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart Background Information Contents I。 Author 工工。 Nightmare: Agent Orange III Anti-war voices IV Peace Needing Right Attitude Towards History W BT E BAC
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart I. Author II. Nightmare: Agent Orange III. Anti-war Voices IV. Peace Needing Right Attitude Towards History Background Information
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart . Author Louis Simpson(1923-) was born in Jamaica, West Indies. He emigrated to the United States when he was 17 and went to study at Columbia University in New York City. He served in the Second World War on active duty in France Holland, Belgium and Germany. When the war was over, he returned to Columbia University to finish his studies. Later he became a teacher at that school and then at the University of California, Berkeley and the State University of New York. He has published 17 books of poetry and is widely acclaimed as a literary critic W BT E The end of author
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart Louis Simpson (1923—) was born in Jamaica, West Indies. He emigrated to the United States when he was 17 and went to study at Columbia University in New York City. He served in the Second World War on active duty in France, Holland, Belgium and Germany. When the war was over, he returned to Columbia University to finish his studies. Later he became a teacher at that school and then at the University of California, Berkeley, and the State University of New York. He has published 17 books of poetry and is widely acclaimed as a literary critic. I. Author The end of Author
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart II. nightmare: Agent Orange Agent Orange(橙剂) is a kind of vietnam-era herbicide used by U.S. forces. Approximately 20 million gallons of herbicides were used in vietnam War between 1962 and 1971 to remove unwanted plant life and leaves to expose Vietnamese guerrilla forces in forested areas and to destroy crops needed to feed vietnamese troops Agent Orange contains varying amounts of dioxin. Exposure to the defoliant(落叶剂) has been linked with chemical acne, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin' s disease, and soft-tissue sarcoma W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart Agent Orange (橙剂) is a kind of Vietnam-era herbicide used by U.S. forces. Approximately 20 million gallons of herbicides were used in Vietnam War between 1962 and 1971 to remove unwanted plant life and leaves to expose Vietnamese guerrilla forces in forested areas and to destroy crops needed to feed Vietnamese troops. Agent Orange contains varying amounts of dioxin. Exposure to the defoliant (落叶剂) has been linked with chemical acne, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and soft-tissue sarcoma. II. Nightmare: Agent Orange To be continued on the next page
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart II. Nightmare: Agent orange Agent Orange caused serious damage to wildlife populations and therefore biodiversity, because it caused habitat loss, depleted food sources, and contaminated water. It contributed heavily to the destruction of more than half of the mangrove forests. The forests, which were once relied upon to help maintain water levels throughout the flood and dry season, have been decimated. Now flooding is a greater threat and occurs more often, and the hills are eroding quickly. This also stops the re-growth of the forests, and the low land agricultural area has filled with sediment. W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart Agent Orange caused serious damage to wildlife populations and therefore biodiversity, because it caused habitat loss, depleted food sources, and contaminated water. It contributed heavily to the destruction of more than half of the mangrove forests. The forests, which were once relied upon to help maintain water levels throughout the flood and dry season, have been decimated. Now flooding is a greater threat and occurs more often, and the hills are eroding quickly. This also stops the re-growth of the forests, and the lowland agricultural area has filled with sediment. To be continued on the next page. II. Nightmare: Agent Orange
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart II. nightmare: Agent Orange Agent Orange also caused extremely serious harm to the Vietnamese people, because it was dumped at a concentration two to five times higher more than the recommended amount Because Agent Orange contains dioxins, which have a half-life of more than two decades, it can take more than twenty years for its chemical components to decay. Currently in Vietnam, the effects of Agent orange can be seen in over one million people, 100,000 of whom are children. Its contamination can be spread from mother to child either in vitro or after birth through breast milk. It has been linked to an increase in cancer immune and neurological disorders, as well as hepatitis in both the Vietnamese and American veterans of the vietnam War W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart To be continued on the next page. II. Nightmare: Agent Orange Agent Orange also caused extremely serious harm to the Vietnamese people, because it was dumped at a concentration two to five times higher more than the recommended amount. Because Agent Orange contains dioxins, which have a half-life of more than two decades, it can take more than twenty years for its chemical components to decay. Currently in Vietnam, the effects of Agent Orange can be seen in over one million people, 100,000 of whom are children. Its contamination can be spread from mother to child either in vitro or after birth through breast milk. It has been linked to an increase in cancer, immune and neurological disorders, as well as hepatitis in both the Vietnamese and American veterans of the Vietnam War
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart II. nightmare: Agent Orange Although birth defect rates are dropping as dioxins break down, more than thirty years after the war, the effects of Agent orange are still present. It caused an irreversible ecological imbalance when it destroyed wildlife, forests, and soil, and tragically ruined the health of countless people W BT E The end of Nightmare: Agent orange
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart II. Nightmare: Agent Orange Although birth defect rates are dropping as dioxins break down, more than thirty years after the war, the effects of Agent Orange are still present. It caused an irreversible ecological imbalance when it destroyed wildlife, forests, and soil, and tragically ruined the health of countless people. The end of Nightmare: Agent Orange
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart III. Anti-war voices There were and are many bloody wars in the world Language itself cannot display the sorrow, grief and disasters suffered by people of different nations Iraq War is used only as an example in our hearing the voices from the world Peace, No War W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart III. Anti-war Voices There were and are many bloody wars in the world. Language itself cannot display the sorrow, grief and disasters suffered by people of different nations. Iraq War is used only as an example in our hearing the voices from the world: Peace, No War. To be continued on the next page
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart III. Anti-war oices On 15 March, 2003 the Executive Committee of the Lutheran World Federation on the threat of War against Iraq, Geneva, made a statement " A Call to Peace.The following is a part of quotation The just war criteria, so much quoted in the current international debate, were designed to constrain-not to justify-the resort to war. Indeed they stand in clear Poland opposition to a pre-emptive war for the purpose of regime change. In any event, the just war theory, which has been part of the Lutheran tradition, cannot be applied in the context of international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. In our day and age, the critical challenge is to move from just war theory to the development of criteria for a just peace W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart To be continued on the next page. III. Anti-war Voices On 15 March, 2003, the Executive Committee of the Lutheran World Federation on the Threat of War against Iraq, Geneva, made a statement "A Call to Peace". The following is a part of quotation: “The 'just war' criteria, so much quoted in the current international debate, were designed to constrain - not to justify—the resort to war. Indeed, they stand in clear opposition to a pre-emptive war for the purpose of 'regime change'. In any event, the just war theory, which has been part of the Lutheran tradition, cannot be applied in the context of international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. In our day and age, the critical challenge is to move from 'just war' theory to the development of criteria for a 'just peace'.” Poland
Lesson 13-Soldier's Heart III. Anti-war oices d BRING On 11 April, 2003, voices of opposition to the US-led THE war continue to be heard TROOPS HOME In Jakarta, Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri has praised the Iraqi people for resisting the U. S.-led attack. The leader of the world's most populour Muslim country says the iraqi people are dedicated to fighting for their country and nation Britain In Madrid, thousands of Spanish students held a march on Thursday to protest against the invasion of iraq by the US-led coalition and commemorate the Spanish journalists killed while covering the war. On the same day, major trade unions in the country held brief anti war strikes W BT E To be continued on the next page
W B T L E Lesson 13—Soldier’s Heart To be continued on the next page. III. Anti-war Voices On 11 April, 2003, voices of opposition to the US-led war continue to be heard. In Jakarta, Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri has praised the Iraqi people for resisting the U.S.-led attack. The leader of the world's most populour Muslim country says the Iraqi people are dedicated to fighting for their country and nation. In Madrid, thousands of Spanish students held a march on Thursday to protest against the invasion of Iraq by the US-led coalition and commemorate the Spanish journalists killed while covering the war. On the same day, major trade unions in the country held brief antiwar strikes. Britain