Unit7 Book 4 Stripping Down to Bare Happiness 1. Difficult Sentences 1)(LL 12-15)Neither one of them, it turned out, was willing to restrict what they considered their"real life"into the brief time before work and the tired hours afterward What does"real life"here mean according to Sara and Michael? ("Real life"here refers to a simple satisfying but not wasteful family life that the couple are after) Translate this sentence into chinese (=他们俩谁都不愿意把他们视为生活中最重要的部分仅仅局限于上班前的一小 段时间和下班后已疲惫不堪的那几个小时。) 2)(LL21-26)They decided to spend their money only on things that contributed to their major goal, the construction of a world where family and friendship, work and play, were all of a piece, a world, moreover, which did not make wasteful use of the earth's resources According to this sentence, what kind of a world did sara and Michael intend to build for themselves (Sara and Michael intended to build a world of their own where they could enjoy family life, social life and balance work and play all at the same time. Meanwhile, they wished to construct a world which did not make wasteful use of the earth's resources Analyze the structure of this sentence. (=本句的主句是 They decide to spend their money on things,后面携带的 that从句是先行词 things的定语从句,而在定语从句中又嵌套了分别以 where 和 which引导的定语从句,修饰 the construction of a world中的word 词,而短语 the construction of a world其成分实际上是短语 major goal的同 位语。 Translate this sentence into chinese (=他们决定只把钱花在有助于实现他们的主要目标的东西上:构建一个把家庭和 友谊、工作和娱乐融为一体的生活天地,而且还是一个不浪费地球资源的生活 天地。)
1 Unit 7 Book 4 Stripping Down to Bare Happiness 1. Difficult Sentences 1) (LL 12-15) Neither one of them, it turned out, was willing to restrict what they considered their “real life” into the brief time before work and the tired hours afterwards. What does “real life” here mean according to Sara and Michael? (= “Real life” here refers to a simple satisfying but not wasteful family life that the couple are after.) Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=他们俩谁都不愿意把他们视为生活中最重要的部分仅仅局限于上班前的一小 段时间和下班后已疲惫不堪的那几个小时。) 2) (LL21-26) They decided to spend their money only on things that contributed to their major goal, the construction of a world where family and friendship, work and play, were all of a piece, a world, moreover, which did not make wasteful use of the earth’s resources. According to this sentence, what kind of a world did Sara and Michael intend to build for themselves? (=Sara and Michael intended to build a world of their own where they could enjoy family life, social life and balance work and play all at the same time. Meanwhile, they wished to construct a world which did not make wasteful use of the earth’s resources.) Analyze the structure of this sentence. (=本句的主句是 They decide to spend their money on things，后面携带的 that 从句是先行词 things 的定语从句，而在定语从句中又嵌套了分别以 where 和 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 the construction of a world 中的 world 一 词，而短语 the construction of a world 其成分实际上是短语 major goal 的同 位语。) Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=他们决定只把钱花在有助于实现他们的主要目标的东西上：构建一个把家庭和 友谊、工作和娱乐融为一体的生活天地，而且还是一个不浪费地球资源的生活 天地。)
3)(LL50-53)By sifting and discarding, by keeping track of what they have, Sara and michael have a clear idea of what they really need Paraphrase this sentence By picking up what is essential and getting rid of the useless and by examining c losely what they have, sara and Michael understand their real needs. 4)(LL59-61) They do not own a TV, and so they and their child are not constantly saturated with images of new toys, new things, and new temptations What does the phrase"be saturated with"mean in this context? Here it means to be over exposed to something or have too much contact with What does this sentence imply about the disadvantage of tv media? it critic izes TV for putting countless but useless temptations to e ither adults or children through tv commercials 5)(LL62-66)They have exchanged the expenses of work in a commuter A the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and babysitting fees- for the time to pay attention to the quality of their lives hat does“ commuter age” refer to? ∈=“" Commuter age” refers to the present situation that many working people have to travel regularly by a certain trans port between one's work place and one's home According to this sentence, what do the expenses of work in a commuter age include? (They include the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and babysitting fees. Translate this sentence into chinese (=他们节省了通勤时代上下班必须支付的开支:另外的一辆车、汽油费、职业装 午餐和经常外出吃晚餐的开销以及保姆费,换来的则是时间 用于关注生活质量的时间。) 6)LL76-78)That yearning fee ling that's so much a part of this culture
2 3) (LL50-53) By sifting and discarding, by keeping track of what they have, Sara and Michael have a clear idea of what they really need. Paraphrase this sentence. (= By picking up what is essential and getting rid of the useless and by examining closely what they have, Sara and Michael understand their real needs. ) 4) (LL59-61) They do not own a TV, and so they and their child are not constantly saturated with images of new toys, new things, and new temptations. What does the phrase “be saturated with” mean in this context? (= Here it means to be over exposed to something or have too much contact with.) What does this sentence imply about the disadvantage of TV media? (= it criticizes TV for putting countless but useless temptations to either adults or children through TV commercials. ) 5) (LL62-66) They have exchanged the expenses of work in a commuter Age — the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and babysitting fees — for the time to pay attention to the quality of their lives. What does “commuter age” refer to? (=“Commuter age ” refers to the present situation that many working people have to travel regularly by a certain transport between one’s work place and one’s home.) According to this sentence, what do the expenses of work in a commuter age include? (=They include the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and babysitting fees.) Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=他们节省了通勤时代上下班必须支付的开支：另外的一辆车、汽油费、职业装、 午餐和经常外出吃晚餐的开销以及保姆费，换来的则是时间 —— 用于关注生活质量的时间。) 6) LL76-78) That yearning feeling that’s so much a part of this culture
goes on forever. What is the"yearning feeling"that Sara talks about? (The"yearning feeling "Sara talks about refers to the strong desire to possess more and more material things. An important part of the American cu lture is consumerism- the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable for a person or society. And it is this"yearning feeling" that has led to the emergence of such socially sanctioned problems as impulse buying, brand-name loyalty irrational consumption of the earth's resources and the mentality of following trends and fads. 7)(LL81-83)I read it carefully, giving myself high marks in some areas, surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others Why does the author comment her behavior as " socia lly sanctioned rational behavior? Because her behavior was not based on clear logic or good reas on and should not be encouraged but such behavior was regarded right, accepted and even promoted by society. Translate this sentence into chinese (=我仔细地阅读了,在一些方面我给自己打了高分,而在另一些方面我为身上存 在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶。) 8)(LL87-89 )When I stood in the parking lot, $11 poorer, no happier on leaving the store than I had been entering it, I fe It like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulse. How did the author feel after her shopping? (She did not feel happier on leaving the store than she had been entering it. She felt lost after her shopping because she could not resist the temptation of buy ing things that she could actually live without Did the author think it easy for people to give up impulse buying? According to this sentence, she finds it sometimes d ifficult to find the determination and courage to give up impulse buying 9)(LL90-92)It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we ide, but with all the action and excitement it is sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount
3 goes on forever. What is the “yearning feeling” that Sara talks about? (=The “yearning feeling” Sara talks about refers to the strong desire to possess more and more material things. An important part of the American culture is consumerism — the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable for a person or society. And it is this “yearning feeling” that has led to the emergence of such socially sanctioned problems as impulse buying, brand-name loyalty, irrational consumption of the earth’s resources and the mentality of following trends and fads.) 7) (LL81-83) I read it carefully, giving myself high marks in some areas, surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others. Why does the author comment her behavior as “socially sanctioned irrational behavior”? (= Because her behavior was not based on clear logic or good reason and should not be encouraged, but such behavior was regarded right, accepted and even promoted by society. ) Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=我仔细地阅读了，在一些方面我给自己打了高分，而在另一些方面我为身上存 在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶。) 8) (LL87-89) When I stood in the parking lot, $11 poorer, no happier on leaving the store than I had been entering it, I felt like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulse. How did the author feel after her shopping? (=She did not feel happier on leaving the store than she had been entering it. She felt lost after her shopping because she could not resist the temptation of buying things that she could actually live without.) Did the author think it easy for people to give up impulse buying? (= According to this sentence, she finds it sometimes difficult to find the determination and courage to give up impulse buying.) 9) (LL90-92) It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we ride, but with all the action and excitement, it is sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount
What does the author want to imply with the phrase"this shopping merry-go-round"? E"Merry-go-round"is a favorite for kids. Here the author is comparing adults to children when they lose senses in face of the temptation of shopping and their desires.) Translate this sentence into chinese (=我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马,其实是一个幻觉世界,但由于它不停地旋转并 富有刺激性,有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来。) 2. Words and Expressions 1)strip: v. remove all excess detail from His book aims to strip away the lies surrounding the life and death of Robert Kennedy. Collocations strip down to sth.精炼,简化至 "The climbers were stripped down to their basic outfit in order to ensure a perfect performance strip sb. of sth.剥夺 The court found him guilty, and he was stripped of his rank. trip sth. off sth.脱掉,剥掉 The soldiers stripped off their clothes and jumped into the lake to save the drowning child cf. strip, divest, denude bare 这些动词表示脱去某人或某物的衣物,外皮或使某人或某物失去财产或特 点 stip指常表示有力或突然地剥去或撕去 divest指通常表示指定地剥夺,如职位或其象征 denude指去掉通常或自然的外表 bare暗指揭开外表使暴露于视觉 (Directions )Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. At the end of the ball, all gentlemen had to their shirts. stripped 2. Bystanders their heads as the funeral procession passed
4 What does the author want to imply with the phrase “this shopping merry-go-round”? (="Merry-go-round” is a favorite for kids. Here the author is comparing adults to children when they lose senses in face of the temptation of shopping and their desires. ) Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马，其实是一个幻觉世界，但由于它不停地旋转并 富有刺激性，有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来。) 2. Words and Expressions 1) strip: v. remove all excess detail from *His book aims to strip away the lies surrounding the life and death of Robert Kennedy. Collocations: strip down to sth. 精炼，简化至 *The climbers were stripped down to their basic outfit in order to ensure a perfect performance. strip sb. of sth. 剥夺 *The court found him guilty, and he was stripped of his rank. strip sth. off sth. 脱掉，剥掉 *The soldiers stripped off their clothes and jumped into the lake to save the drowning child. cf. strip,divest,denude & bare 这些动词表示脱去某人或某物的衣物，外皮或使某人或某物失去财产或特 点。 strip 指常表示有力或突然地剥去或撕去 divest 指通常表示指定地剥夺，如职位或其象征 denude 指去掉通常或自然的外表 bare 暗指揭开外表使暴露于视觉 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. At the end of the ball, all gentlemen had ______ to their shirts.(= stripped) 2. Bystanders _____ their heads as the funeral procession passed
( bared 3. Construction began only after the site had been of trees. denuded) 4. All men have certain inherent rights, of which they cannot by any compact, their posterity. divest) 2) bare: a. 1. mere E*If you ask her about herself, she gives only the barest of details. 该提案仅以勉勉强强的多数票通过 (The proposal was approached by a bare majority. 2. without clothing, covering, protection, or decoration *hills bare of vegetation Collocations lay bare 揭发,揭露 bare-faced 无耻的,公然的 a bare possibility 绝无仅有的可能性 fight with bare hands赤手而战 3 simplicity n 1. Absence of affectation or pretense. ( Her clothes were characterized by their simplicity and good taste 2. The property, condition, or quality of being simple or uncombined One of Einste in's greatness is that he understood the simplicity of the unverse 4)It turns out that.: It happens that. *It turned out that ann was a courageous girl who would not abandon her quest for the truth 他为自己的考试结果担心了好久,结果居然很好。 (Worried as he was about the test result, it turned out to be satisfactory. Collocations
5 (=bared) 3. Construction began only after the site had been _____ of trees.(= denuded) 4. All men have certain inherent rights, of which they cannot by any compact, ____ their posterity. (=divest) 2) bare: a. 1.mere (=*If you ask her about herself, she gives only the barest of details.) 该提案仅以勉勉强强的多数票通过。 (=The proposal was approached by a bare majority.) 2. without clothing, covering, protection, or decoration *hills bare of vegetation Collocations: lay bare 揭发，揭露 bare-faced 无耻的，公然的 a bare possibility 绝无仅有的可能性 fight with bare hands 赤手而战 3) simplicity n. 1. Absence of affectation or pretense. (=Her clothes were characterized by their simplicity and good taste.) 2. The property, condition, or quality of being simple or uncombined *One of Einstein’s greatness is that he understood the simplicity of the universe. 4) It turns out that...: It happens that... *It turned out that Ann was a courageous girl who would not abandon her quest for the truth. *他为自己的考试结果担心了好久，结果居然很好。 (=Worried as he was about the test result, it turned out to be satisfactory.) Collocations:
turn sth.out制造 Our new factory is turning out large quantities of goods turn sb.out驱逐,使放弃 Strong competition turns him out of his job. 他因为交不起房租被赶了出来。 ( He was turned out of the house for he couldn't pay the rent.) 5)restrict: V keep within limits Discussion at the meeting was restricted to the agenda 在高楼林立的地区,车速限制为每小时30公里 We are restricted to a speed of 30 miles an hour in built-up areas 在贵国酒的消费是否受法律限制? (=ls the consumption of alcohol restricted by law in your country cf. limit, confine restrict 这些动词均有“限制,限定”之意 imt一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限,一且超越限度,就会造成不 良结果。当然也可指不事先规定,而且自然的或固有的界限。 confine强调施加不可逾越的限制,有时暗示束缚、囚禁。 restrict指把某人或物限制在一定范围之内。 Directions: )Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessar 1. The Olympic spirit is encouraging athletes to break the physical power. limit 2. Any soldier who deserves his post will be to quarters. contine 3.l myself to two cigarettes a day. restrict) 6)trade vt exchange Pll trade you some of my chocolate for some of your ice cream. Collocations trade sth for sth 交换,交易 那男孩用他的刀子换了个板球棒。 (The boy traded his knife for a cricket bat. trade sth in 折价购买 他以旧车折价买了一部新款车。 (He traded in his old car for a new model) 6
6 turn sth. out 制造 *Our new factory is turning out large quantities of goods. turn sb. out 驱逐，使放弃 *Strong competition turns him out of his job. *他因为交不起房租被赶了出来。 （= He was turned out of the house for he couldn’t pay the rent.） 5) restrict : v. keep within limits *Discussion at the meeting was restricted to the agenda. *在高楼林立的地区，车速限制为每小时 30 公里。 (= We are restricted to a speed of 30 miles an hour in built-up areas.) *在贵国酒的消费是否受法律限制？ （=Is the consumption of alcohol restricted by law in your country?） cf. limit, confine & restrict 这些动词均有“限制，限定”之意。 limit 一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限，一旦超越限度，就会造成不 良结果。当然也可指不事先规定，而且自然的或固有的界限。 confine 强调施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗示束缚、囚禁。 restrict 指把某人或物限制在一定范围之内。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The Olympic spirit is encouraging athletes to break the _____ of our physical power. (= limit) 2. Any soldier who deserves his post will be _____ to quarters. (= confined) 3. I ____ myself to two cigarettes a day. (= restrict) 6) trade vt. exchange I’ll trade you some of my chocolate for some of your ice cream. Collocations: trade sth. for sth. 交换，交易 *那男孩用他的刀子换了个板球棒。 (=The boy traded his knife for a cricket bat.) trade sth. in 折价购买 他以旧车折价买了一部新款车。 (=He traded in his old car for a new model.)
trade on/upon 利用,滥用 He made good money in Tv commercials by trading on his past reputation as a pop star. 7)of a piece in agreement His action is of a piece with what he has been saying he will do for the past few months. 我们的远大理想与现实的目标应该是一致的。 (our grand ambition and the present goal are actually of a piece 2. like each other in character Though discovered in two different regions, these artworks are all of a plece. 8)maintain: vt. 1. keep up, retain, continue (Part of her job is to maintain good relations with our suppliers. He took the lead and maintained it until the end of the race 2. keep in good condition by making repairs to it and taking care of it. The company is responsible for maintaining public telephone booths. 铁路线需要时常养护。 eThe railway lines have to be constantly maintained. 3. keep in existence The supplies of food were scarcely enough to maintain life. 9)eventually: ad. at last, in the end With the great support from his father, George Bush Jr. eventually rose to the position of President. 历史证明了正义终将获胜 History has proved that justice will eventually prevail) 10)discard: vt. get rid of
7 trade on/upon 利用，滥用 *He made good money in TV commercials by trading on his past reputation as a pop star. 7) of a piece: 1. in agreement *His action is of a piece with what he has been saying he will do for the past few months. *我们的远大理想与现实的目标应该是一致的。 (=Our grand ambition and the present goal are actually of a piece.) 2. like each other in character *Though discovered in two different regions, these artworks are all of a piece. 8) maintain: vt. 1. keep up, retain, continue (=Part of her job is to maintain good relations with our suppliers.) He took the lead and maintained it until the end of the race. 2. keep in good condition by making repairs to it and taking care of it. The company is responsible for maintaining public telephone booths. 铁路线需要时常养护。 (=The railway lines have to be constantly maintained.) 3. keep in existence *The supplies of food were scarcely enough to maintain life. 9) eventually : ad. at last, in the end *With the great support from his father, George Bush Jr. eventually rose to the position of President. 历史证明了正义终将获胜。 (= History has proved that justice will eventually prevail.) 10) discard: vt. get rid of
(The library has recently discarded around 1,000 social science books because they are terribly out of date. 母亲从来不忍心丢弃我小时候的旧玩具。 (Mother never has the heart to discard the old toys of my childhood. 11)keep track of: keep oneself informed about Write down the names of people you meet, and then keep track of them 我们要经常读报以熟悉时事 (We should read the newspapers often to keep track of current events Collocations be on one' s track 追踪 cover up one's track 隐藏行踪 keep to the beaten track惯性思维,人云亦云 lose track of 失去联系 off the track 误入歧途 12)eliminate: V 1. remove or get rid of completely Can we ever eliminate hunger from the world?) This new process has eliminated the need for checking the products by hand 2. murder During the Japanese invasion of China, the Japanese soldiers tried to eliminate the population of many parts of rural china 13saturate: vt 1. fill completely *the market for houses is saturated (The whole area is saturated with police to prevent terrorist attack 2. to put as much liquid as possible into *His shirt was saturated with blood
8 (=The library has recently discarded around 1,000 social science books because they are terribly out of date.) 母亲从来不忍心丢弃我小时候的旧玩具。 (=Mother never has the heart to discard the old toys of my childhood.) 11) keep track of : keep oneself informed about Write down the names of people you meet, and then keep track of them. 我们要经常读报以熟悉时事。 (= We should read the newspapers often to keep track of current events.) Collocations: be on one’s track 追踪 cover up one’s track 隐藏行踪 keep to the beaten track 惯性思维，人云亦云 lose track of 失去联系 off the track 误入歧途 12) eliminate: vt. 1. remove or get rid of completely (= Can we ever eliminate hunger from the world?) *This new process has eliminated the need for checking the products by hand. 2. murder *During the Japanese invasion of China, the Japanese soldiers tried to eliminate the population of many parts of rural China. 13) saturate: vt. 1. fill completely *The market for houses is saturated. (= The whole area is saturated with police to prevent terrorist attack.) 2. to put as much liquid as possible into *His shirt was saturated with blood
14) image: n 1.a picture formed in the mind She had a clear image of how she would look in 20 years time 2. the general opinion about a person or organization The government will have to improve its image if it wants to win the next election The company tries to project an image of being innovative and progressive. (=这家公司努力传达出一个革新上进的形象。) 3. likeness, form According to the Bible, man was made in the image of God 15)temptation: n sth very attractive (There is always a temptation to blame others for one's own problems. I tried to overcome the temptation to laugh 大多数女性无法抵挡购物的诱惑,特别是打折的。 ( Most women can not res ist the temptation of shopping, especially the discounted ones. 16)in return( for): in exchange or as a payment They are letting us use their computer, and in return we are giving thel the results of our research ( He agreed to give evidence against the terrorists in return for a promise of protection Collocations: the point of no return 不能回转点 on sale or return 卖不掉可退货的 many happy returns 长命百岁 return 由原班邮递 17) yearn(for): vt long for with tender feeling He yearned for a sight of the old familiar faces
9 14) image: n. 1. a picture formed in the mind (= She had a clear image of how she would look in 20 years time.) 2. the general opinion about a person or organization *The government will have to improve its image if it wants to win the next election. *The company tries to project an image of being innovative and progressive. (=这家公司努力传达出一个革新上进的形象。) 3. likeness，form According to the Bible, man was made in the image of God. 15) temptation: n. sth. very attractive (=There is always a temptation to blame others for one’s own problems.) *I tried to overcome the temptation to laugh. 大多数女性无法抵挡购物的诱惑，特别是打折的。 (=Most women can not resist the temptation of shopping, especially the discounted ones.) 16) in return ( for): in exchange or as a payment They are letting us use their computer, and in return we are giving them the results of our research. (=He agreed to give evidence against the terrorists in return for a promise of protection.) Collocations: the point of no return 不能回转点 on sale or return 卖不掉可退货的 many happy returns 长命百岁 by return 由原班邮递 17) yearn (for): vt. long for with tender feeling (= He yearned for a sight of the old familiar faces.)
他渴望返回故乡。 ( He yearned to return to his native land. 18) sanction: vt 1. accept, approve, authorize The church would not sanction the kings second marriage. *the government was reluctant to sanction intervention in the crisis. 2. make acceptable (lt was a foolish custom to judge a bride by the gold she carries with her, but one socially sanctioned. cf. approve, confirm sanction 这些动词均有“批准”之意。 approve普通用词,常指正式的或官方的批准 confirm强调按法律程序提请确认或批准。 sanction语气最强,多指官方的同意或批准,是书面用词。 19irrational: a not using reason After taking the drug she became quite irrational 人们在危机时刻,往往会做出不理性的决定。 ( In time of crisis, people however tend to make irrational decisions (The purpose of many cosmetics advertisements is to encourage irrational purchase. 20)match: vt. 1. be equal to or corresponding with The carpets should match the curtains. 她穿着一件棕色的礼服,并有帽子和手套相配。 (She was wearing a brown dress with hat and gloves to match 2. put in competition (Im ready to match my strength against yours
10 他渴望返回故乡。 (=He yearned to return to his native land. ) 18) sanction: vt. 1. accept, approve, authorize *The church would not sanction the king’s second marriage. *The government was reluctant to sanction intervention in the crisis. 2. make acceptable (=It was a foolish custom to judge a bride by the gold she carries with her, but one socially sanctioned.) cf. approve, confirm & sanction 这些动词均有“批准”之意。 approve 普通用词，常指正式的或官方的批准。 confirm 强调按法律程序提请确认或批准。 sanction 语气最强，多指官方的同意或批准，是书面用词。 19) irrational: a. not using reason After taking the drug, she became quite irrational. 人们在危机时刻，往往会做出不理性的决定。 (=In time of crisis, people however tend to make irrational decisions.) (=The purpose of many cosmetics advertisements is to encourage irrational purchase.) 20) match: vt. 1. be equal to or corresponding with *The carpets should match the curtains. 她穿着一件棕色的礼服，并有帽子和手套相配。 (=She was wearing a brown dress with hat and gloves to match.) 2. put in competition (= I’m ready to match my strength against yours.)