Unit6 Book 2 Being #f 1. Difficult Sentences 1. ( Para. 1)They contain contradictory extremes; instead of being an "individual each of them is a multitud Paraphrase the sentence. (Creative people have many different personalities. Instead of possessing the personality traits that are normally found only in different people, they possess these different traits all in themselves, as if each of them were made up of many individuals. 2. (Para. 3)When necessary, they can focus it like a laser beam; when not creative types immediately recharge their batteries Paraphrase the sentence (Creative people have the extraordinary ability to concentrate their energy on their jobs if necessary; however, when such concentration is unnecessary, they will stop working and relax, refreshing themselyes for future tasks 3.(Para. 3)This is not a biorhythm inherited with their genes; it was learned by trial and error as a strategy for achieving their goa Translate the sentence into chinese (=这不是得自遗传基因的生物节奏;而是为达到目标而通过反复尝试掌握的一 种策略。) 4.(Para. 4)As Howard Gardner reveals in his study of the major creative geniuses of the 20th century, a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights. Paraphrase this part of the sentence".a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights. (Creative people can be very intelligent and insightful; meanwhile they may be immature both emotionally and mentally in a certain way That is to say, they may be very intelligent and yet at the same time be childish and naive sometimes 5.(Para. 8.either preferring to be in the thick of crowds or sitting on the sidelines and observing the passing show. Paraphrase this part of the sentence. (Creative people either choose to be in the company of many people or to stand outside the crowd and watch what others do
1 Unit 6 Book 2 Being Creative ## 1. Difficult Sentences 1. (Para. 1) They contain contradictory extremes; instead of being an “individual”, each of them is a “multitude”. Paraphrase the sentence. (=Creative people have many different personalities. Instead of possessing the personality traits that are normally found only in different people, they possess these different traits all in themselves, as if each of them were made up of many individuals.) 2. (Para. 3) When necessary, they can focus it like a laser beam; when not, creative types immediately recharge their batteries. Paraphrase the sentence. (=Creative people have the extraordinary ability to concentrate their energy on their jobs if necessary; however, when such concentration is unnecessary, they will stop working and relax, refreshing themselves for future tasks.) 3. (Para. 3) This is not a biorhythm inherited with their genes; it was learned by trial and error as a strategy for achieving their goals. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=这不是得自遗传基因的生物节奏；而是为达到目标而通过反复尝试掌握的一 种策略。) 4. (Para. 4) As Howard Gardner reveals in his study of the major creative geniuses of the 20th century, a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights. Paraphrase this part of the sentence “…a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights.” (=Creative people can be very intelligent and insightful; meanwhile they may be immature both emotionally and mentally in a certain way. That is to say, they may be very intelligent and yet at the same time be childish and naive sometimes) 5. (Para. 8) …either preferring to be in the thick of crowds or sitting on the sidelines and observing the passing show. Paraphrase this part of the sentence. (=Creative people either choose to be in the company of many people or to stand outside the crowd and watch what others do. )
6.(Para. 9)These individuals stand"on the shoulders of giants". Where does the phrase stand " on the shoulders of giants"come from? (插图 stand on the shoulders of giants) It quotes from Newton's words"If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants. " 7.(Para. 12)Inventors have a low threshold of pain. What does a low threshold of pain mean? It means the inability to suffer a lot of pain 8.(Para. 13)Eminence invites criticism and often vicious attacks. 1. What does invite mean here? eIt means"encourage something bad to happen, especially without intending to”) 2 translate the sentence into chinese (=阜越会招致批评,甚至往往是恶毒攻击。) H 2. Words and Expressions 1.(Para. 1)devote: v use all or most of your time, effort, etc in order to do sth or help sb He devoted his energies to writing films. devote) She devoted herself to her business 2.(Para. 1)multitude: n a very large number of people or things I had never seen such a multitude of stars before a multitude There is a multitude of possible interpretations (声音文件 multitude) THese systems are capable of performing a multitude of different tasks. 3. (Para. 2)integrate: V. if two or more things integrate, or if you integrate them they comb rk together in a way that makes sth. more effective Colorful illustrations are integrated into the text. a k integrate) ly schools are now integrating computer science into the 4.(Para. 3) external: ad. relating to the outside of sth or of a person's body relating to y( rather than to your own qualities, ideas, etc. They did it in response to external pressures This medicine is for external use only. a 2 external (声音文件 external) (External causes become operative through internal causes
2 6. (Para. 9) These individuals stand “on the shoulders of giants”. Where does the phrase stand “on the shoulders of giants” come from? （插图 stand on the shoulders of giants） (= It quotes from Newton’s words “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”) 7. (Para. 12) Inventors have a low threshold of pain. What does a low threshold of pain mean? (=It means the inability to suffer a lot of pain.) 8. (Para. 13) Eminence invites criticism and often vicious attacks. 1. What does invite mean here? (=It means “encourage something bad to happen, especially without intending to”.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=卓越会招致批评，甚至往往是恶毒攻击。) ## 2. Words and Expressions 1. (Para. 1) devote: v. use all or most of your time, effort, etc. in order to do sth. or help sb. He devoted his energies to writing films. (插图 devote) She devoted herself to her business. 2. (Para. 1) multitude: n. a very large number of people or things I had never seen such a multitude of stars before. (插图 multitude) There is a multitude of possible interpretations. (声音文件 multitude) (=These systems are capable of performing a multitude of different tasks.) 3. (Para. 2) integrate: v. if two or more things integrate, or if you integrate them, they combine or work together in a way that makes sth. more effective Colorful illustrations are integrated into the text. (插图 integrate) Many schools are now integrating computer science into the curriculum. 4. (Para. 3) external: adj. relating to the outside of sth. or of a person’s body; relating to your environment or situation, rather than to your own qualities, ideas, etc. They did it in response to external pressures. This medicine is for external use only. (插图 external) (声音文件 external) (=External causes become operative through internal causes.)
Collocations: external cause external force external affairs 3.(Para. 3)recharge one's batteries:(informal) rest or relax in order to get back your energy I'm going to spend a week in the mountains to recharge my batteries 6.(Para. 3 trial: n a process of testing to find out whether sth works effectively and is safe The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. The security system will be reviewed after a three-month trial period (Directions: Choose the proper meanings for the italicized parts in the following sentences.(点击手形按钮以后出现答案) 1. I learned most of what I know about gardening through trial and error 2. My brothers and I were always a real trial to my parents 3. They let me have the computer on trial for thirty days 4. The idea of trial marriage is nothing new. a. something or someone that is difficult to deal with and that is worrying or annoying b testing many different methods of doing something in order to find the best C. when two people live together without being married to see if they will be suitable partners d. a short period during which you use or do something to find out whether they are satisfactory for a particular purpose (Key:1-b,2a,3d,4~c) 7.(Para. 4)go) hand in hand: if two things go hand in hand, they are closely connected; Wealth and power go hand in hand in most societies. They say that genius often goes hand in hand with madness. 4 hand in hand) (Para. 4)insight: n a sudden clear understanding of sth. or part of sth . especially a complicated situation or idea The article gives us a real insight into the causes of the present economic crisis The research provides new insights into the way we process language
3 Collocations : external cause external force external affairs 3. (Para. 3) recharge one’s batteries: (informal) rest or relax in order to get back your energy I’m going to spend a week in the mountains to recharge my batteries. 6. (Para. 3) trial: n. a process of testing to find out whether sth. works effectively and is safe The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. The security system will be reviewed after a three-month trial period. (Directions:) Choose the proper meanings for the italicized parts in the following sentences. (点击手形按钮以后出现答案) 1. I learned most of what I know about gardening through trial and error. 2. My brothers and I were always a real trial to my parents. 3. They let me have the computer on trial for thirty days. 4. The idea of trial marriage is nothing new. a. something or someone that is difficult to deal with, and that is worrying or annoying b. testing many different methods of doing something in order to find the best c. when two people live together without being married, to see if they will be suitable partners d. a short period during which you use or do something to find out whether they are satisfactory for a particular purpose (Key: 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4~c) 7. (Para. 4) (go) hand in hand: if two things go hand in hand, they are closely connected; Wealth and power go hand in hand in most societies. They say that genius often goes hand in hand with madness. (插图 hand in hand) 8. (Para. 4) insight: n. a sudden clear understanding of sth. or part of sth., especially a complicated situation or idea The article gives us a real insight into the causes of the present economic crisis. The research provides new insights into the way we process language
他的演讲使我们对教育问题有了深入的了解。 (His speech gave us an insight into the problems of education. 9.(Para. 5)correlate: V if two or more facts, ideas, etc. correlate or if you correlate them, they are closely connected to each other or one causes the other Smoking and lung cancer are closely correlated Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy They are trying to find out if these behavior patterns correlate with particular changes in diet. 10.(Para. 5) superior: adj. 1)of very good quality This handbag is made of superior leather (aa superior) 2)better, more powerful, more effective, etc. than a similar person or thing especially one that you are competing against 这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。 eThis western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week . Pattern superior to NB: Antonym: inferior 11.(Para. 7)alternate: V if two things alternate, or if you alternate them, they happen one after the other in a repeated pattern Work alternated with sleep.(插图 alternate) (声音文件 alternate ( His moods alternated between happiness and gloom 12.( Para. 8)distinguish: v recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people Small children can't distinguish between right and wrong a distinguish) 你能区分出正在演奏的各种不同的乐器吗? ECan you distinguish the different musical instruments being played now? CF: distinguish, discriminate 这两个动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。 distinguish普通用词,指有能力辨别或实际观察到的区别,强调辨别所需的技 巧 discriminate语气强,指从非常相似的事物中辨出差异,尤其强调把好坏区分 开来
4 他的演讲使我们对教育问题有了深入的了解。 (=His speech gave us an insight into the problems of education.) 9. (Para. 5) correlate: v. if two or more facts, ideas, etc. correlate or if you correlate them, they are closely connected to each other or one causes the other Smoking and lung cancer are closely correlated. Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy. They are trying to find out if these behavior patterns correlate with particular changes in diet. 10. (Para. 5) superior: adj. 1) of very good quality This handbag is made of superior leather. (插图 superior) 2) better, more powerful, more effective, etc. than a similar person or thing, especially one that you are competing against 这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。 (=This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week.) Pattern: superior to NB: Antonym: inferior 11. (Para. 7) alternate: v. if two things alternate, or if you alternate them, they happen one after the other in a repeated pattern Work alternated with sleep. (插图 alternate) (声音文件 alternate) (=His moods alternated between happiness and gloom.) 12. (Para. 8) distinguish: v. recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people Small children can’t distinguish between right and wrong. (插图 distinguish) 你能区分出正在演奏的各种不同的乐器吗？ (=Can you distinguish the different musical instruments being played now?) CF: distinguish, discriminate 这两个动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。 distinguish 普通用词，指有能力辨别或实际观察到的区别，强调辨别所需的技 巧。 discriminate 语气强，指从非常相似的事物中辨出差异，尤其强调把好坏区分 开来
(Directions: Fill in the blanks with the two words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. Can you good books from bad ones? discriminate) 2. can my roommates by their footsteps. distinguish) 3. The twins are so alike it's difficult to one from the other (distinguish) 13. (Para. 10)regard: n (formal) attention or consideration that is shown towards sb. or sth She has no regard for other people's feelings The present administration has demonstrated little regard for environmental issues.(插图 regard Collocations as regards with regard to sth in this /that regard 14. (Para. 10)nerve: n courage and confidence in a dangerous, difficult, or frightening situati It must have taken a lot of nerve to risk so much money on one product. Collocations have the nerve to do sth lose ones nerve CF: nerve, bravery, courage 这些名词都可表示“勇气、胆量”之意。 nerve强调指在面临危险或在困难的情况下具有冷静、清醒的头脑和坚定无畏的 勇气。例如: bravery指在危险中表现出的勇气和信心或在逆境中仍能坚持下去的毅力 ourage普通用词。指面对危险或困难时的勇气和敢于奋斗的进取心。 15.(Para. 10)innovation: n. the introduction of new ideas or methods We must encourage innovation if the company is to remain competitive The innovation of air travel during this century has made the world seem smaller.(插图 linnovation) (声音文件 innovation) (Many people feel bewildered by the speed of technological innovation. 16.(Para. 11)credibility: n the quality of deserving to be believed and trusted There are serious questions about the credibility of these reports
5 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the two words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. Can you ______ good books from bad ones? (=discriminate) 2. I can ______ my roommates by their footsteps. (=distinguish) 3. The twins are so alike it’s difficult to ______ one from the other. (=distinguish) 13. (Para. 10) regard: n. (formal) attention or consideration that is shown towards sb. or sth. She has no regard for other people’s feelings. The present administration has demonstrated little regard for environmental issues. (插图 regard) Collocations: as regards with regard to sth. in this / that regard 14. (Para. 10) nerve: n. courage and confidence in a dangerous, difficult, or frightening situation It must have taken a lot of nerve to risk so much money on one product. Collocations : have the nerve to do sth. lose one’s nerve CF: nerve, bravery, & courage 这些名词都可表示“勇气、胆量”之意。 nerve 强调指在面临危险或在困难的情况下具有冷静、清醒的头脑和坚定无畏的 勇气。例如： bravery 指在危险中表现出的勇气和信心或在逆境中仍能坚持下去的毅力。 courage 普通用词。指面对危险或困难时的勇气和敢于奋斗的进取心。 15. (Para. 10) innovation: n. the introduction of new ideas or methods We must encourage innovation if the company is to remain competitive. The innovation of air travel during this century has made the world seem smaller. (插图innovation) (声音文件innovation) (=Many people feel bewildered by the speed of technological innovation.) 16. (Para. 11) credibility: n. the quality of deserving to be believed and trusted There are serious questions about the credibility of these reports
The predictions of economic recovery have lost all credibility 丑闻损害了他作为领导的威信。 (The scandal has damaged his credibility as a leader. 17.(Para. 12)expose: v put sb. in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant The report revealed that workers had been exposed to high levels of radiation As a nurse in the war she was exposed to many dangers (声音文件 expose) (They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on Tv. 18.(Para. 12)threshold n. the level at which sth starts to happen or have an effect She has a very low threshold of pain. Eighty percent of the vote was the threshold for approval of the plan 19.(Para. 13 be at /in /to the forefront (of sth be in a leading position in an important activity that is try ing to achieve sth or develop new ideas The company has always been at the forefront of science and technolo Prison conditions have been pushed to the forefront of public debate She has been at the forefront of the struggle for women's rights 20.(Para. 13)vicious: adj. very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt sb's feelings or make their character seem He gave the dog a vicious blow with his stick. She was shocked by the vicious tone in his voice 21.(Para. 1 3)devastating: adj. badly damaging or destroying sth Acid rain has a devastating effect on the forest. The oil spill had devastating consequences for wildlife. a devastating 2) (声音文件 devastating) (lt will be a devastating blow for the town if the factory closes. 22.(Para. 15 expertise: n special skills or know ledge in a particular subject that you learn by experience or training What he brings to the company is financial expertise
6 The predictions of economic recovery have lost all credibility. 丑闻损害了他作为领导的威信。 (=The scandal has damaged his credibility as a leader.) 17. (Para. 12) expose: v. put sb. in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant The report revealed that workers had been exposed to high levels of radiation. As a nurse in the war she was exposed to many dangers. (声音文件 expose) (=They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV.) 18. (Para. 12) threshold n. the level at which sth. starts to happen or have an effect She has a very low threshold of pain. Eighty percent of the vote was the threshold for approval of the plan. 19. (Para. 13) be at / in / to the forefront (of sth.): be in a leading position in an important activity that is trying to achieve sth. or develop new ideas The company has always been at the forefront of science and technology. Prison conditions have been pushed to the forefront of public debate. She has been at the forefront of the struggle for women’s rights. 20. (Para. 13) vicious: adj. very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt sb.’s feelings or make their character seem bad He gave the dog a vicious blow with his stick. She was shocked by the vicious tone in his voice. 21. (Para. 13) devastating: adj. badly damaging or destroying sth. Acid rain has a devastating effect on the forest. The oil spill had devastating consequences for wildlife. (插图 devastating 2) (声音文件 devastating ) (=It will be a devastating blow for the town if the factory closes.) 22. (Para. 15) expertise: n. special skills or knowledge in a particular subject that you learn by experience or training What he brings to the company is financial expertise
His business expertise will be of great help to us (声音文件 expertise) (She displayed considerable expertise in keeping the horse under contro L 23. (Para. 15) for the sake of sb. /sth, for sb.'s /sth. 's sake: in order to help, improve, or please sb or sth He moved to the seaside for the sake of his health a for the sake f I hope he's told the truth for his own sake. 我现在不是为了说话而说话,我要说的事很重要! er'm not talking just for talkings sake; this is important!) We must continue to strive for greater efficiency,e sth. 24.(Para. 15)strive: v. make a great effort to achiev Patterns strive to do sth strive for/after CF: strive, attempt, try endeavor 这些动词均含有“试图,努力”之意。 strive和 endeavor一样,表示付出巨大努力,但 strive强调过程的劳累与紧 张,而不强调努力的结果。例如 attempt较正式用词,强调已经开始,且希望完成,但不一定能达到预期的结果。 try普通用词,可与 attempt换用,但强调努力或尝试,后跟不定式表示努力或 争取;后跟动名词表示尝试。例如 endeavor正式用词,指尽最大努力、认真地克服困难去做某事。例如: 7
7 His business expertise will be of great help to us. (声音文件 expertise) (=She displayed considerable expertise in keeping the horse under control.) 23. (Para. 15) for the sake of sb. / sth., for sb.’s / sth.’s sake: in order to help, improve, or please sb. or sth. He moved to the seaside for the sake of his health. (插图 for the sake of) I hope he’s told the truth for his own sake. 我现在不是为了说话而说话，我要说的事很重要! (=I’m not talking just for talking’s sake; this is important!) 24. (Para. 15) strive: v. make a great effort to achieve sth. We must continue to strive for greater efficiency. Patterns: strive to do sth. strive for / after CF: strive, attempt, try & endeavor 这些动词均含有“试图，努力”之意。 strive 和 endeavor 一样，表示付出巨大努力，但 strive 强调过程的劳累与紧 张，而不强调努力的结果。例如： attempt 较正式用词，强调已经开始，且希望完成，但不一定能达到预期的结果。 try 普通用词，可与 attempt 换用，但强调努力或尝试，后跟不定式表示努力或 争取；后跟动名词表示尝试。例如： endeavor 正式用词，指尽最大努力、认真地克服困难去做某事。例如：