Unit 1 Book 2 Living in Harmony #1. Difficult Sentences 1.( Para. 1)Marriage isn't the only relationship that needs forgiveness. What other relationship are mentioned? (The relationships between parents and kids, between friends, between workmates, neighbours and even strangers.) 2.( Para.2).like cancer, bitterness can destroy its host. Is this a metaphor or a simile What is bitterness compared to? ( It's a simile. Bitterness is compared to the person who has been hurt 3.(Para. 3 )As the ancient Chinese proverb puts it,"Whoever seeks revenge should dig two graves. Translate this chinese proverb into Chinese. (=复仇者必自绝。) 4.(Para. 7) True forgiveness is not a one-off act; it's a constant emotional confrontation Paraphrase this sentence. (True forgiveness is not done only once. It is a part of a series of acts and you will have to deal with it emotionally all the time 5.(Para. 8)If you wait for the"right time", you may never do it. What does it refer to? (Forgiving someone 6.(Para. 10)It didn't create the same impression any more, but at least it was being honest! 1. How could the furniture be honest? (The furniture showed what it was like with the thin covering pelling at the edges. 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=再也没有当初的效果了,不过至少它现在是以真实面目示人。) 7.( Para. 10)The fact is that, like it or not, behind our smart covering we're all just chipboard What is the implied meaning of chipboard? (Chipboard is a ty pe of board made from small pieces of wood pressed together with glue. Just like chipboard, we're not as nice as what we seem to be beneath our surface
1 Unit 1 Book 2 Living in Harmony ##1．Difficult Sentences 1. (Para. 1) Marriage isn’t the only relationship that needs forgiveness. What other relationship are mentioned? (=The relationships between parents and kids, between friends, between workmates, neighbours and even strangers. ) 2. (Para.2 ).…like cancer, bitterness can destroy its host. Is this a metaphor or a simile? What is bitterness compared to? (=It’s a simile. Bitterness is compared to the person who has been hurt.) 3. (Para. 3) As the ancient Chinese proverb puts it, “Whoever seeks revenge should dig two graves.” Translate this Chinese proverb into Chinese. (=复仇者必自绝。) 4. (Para. 7) True forgiveness is not a one-off act; it’s a constant emotional confrontation. Paraphrase this sentence. (=True forgiveness is not done only once. It is a part of a series of acts and you will have to deal with it emotionally all the time.) 5. (Para. 8) If you wait for the “right time”, you may never do it. What does it refer to? (=Forgiving someone.) 6. (Para. 10) It didn’t create the same impression any more, but at least it was being honest! 1. How could the furniture be honest? (=The furniture showed what it was like with the thin covering pelling at the edges.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=再也没有当初的效果了，不过至少它现在是以真实面目示人。) 7. (Para. 10) The fact is that, like it or not, behind our smart covering, we’re all just chipboard. What is the implied meaning of chipboard? (=Chipboard is a type of board made from small pieces of wood pressed together with glue. Just like chipboard, we’re not as nice as what we seem to be beneath our surface.)
8.(Para. 11)So if you think you're right and can't find it in yourself to forgive, ask yourself this question: would you rather be right or happy? What is the implied meaning of would you rather be right or happy? Elf you insist that you are the person being hurt and refuse to forgive, you will be destroyed by this resentment sooner or later. But if you choose to forgive, joy and happiness will be with you 9.(Para. 12)But keep in mind you're doing this for you just as much as for them, so don't be upset if they don't react as you hoped If you forgive someone, what kind of reaction do you expect and what's his possible reaction? (You expect that he will accept your forgiveness with gratitude, while he probably ignores your forgiveness with a kind of indifference. 10.(Para. 15) Forgiving puts you in controL. However tough it is, the alternative is far worse What does the alternative refer to? ( Refuse to forgive and hold the resentment in your mind 2. Words and Expressions 1.(Para. 1)forgiveness: n [U] when sb. forgives another person He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness (=他从不承认自己的罪行,也不请求饶恕。) 我必须请求你的宽恕。 I have to ask for your forgiveness. Collocation: ask/ beg pray, etc for(sb's) forgiveness Derivation forgive v. cF:forgⅳe& excuse 这两个动词均有“原谅”之意。 forgive指尽管某人做错了事情,但是你不再生气,不再责怪他了,一般指原谅 或者宽恕比较严重的错误。 excuse指原谅一些不是很严重的错误,比如莽撞、失礼等小过失。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the two words above. Change the form where necessary 1. She was for coming late. excused) 2. A wife an unfaithful husband. forgives 3. Please 4. They a my bad handwriting. = excuse) leir enemies. forgive)
2 8. (Para. 11) So if you think you’re right and can’t find it in yourself to forgive, ask yourself this question: would you rather be right or happy? What is the implied meaning of would you rather be right or happy? (=If you insist that you are the person being hurt and refuse to forgive, you will be destroyed by this resentment sooner or later. But if you choose to forgive, joy and happiness will be with you.) 9. (Para. 12) But keep in mind you’re doing this for you just as much as for them, so don’t be upset if they don’t react as you hoped. If you forgive someone, what kind of reaction do you expect and what’s his possible reaction? (=You expect that he will accept your forgiveness with gratitude, while he probably ignores your forgiveness with a kind of indifference.) 10. (Para. 15) Forgiving puts you in control. However tough it is, the alternative is far worse. What does the alternative refer to? (=Refuse to forgive and hold the resentment in your mind.) 2. Words and Expressions 1. (Para. 1) forgiveness: n. [U] when sb. forgives another person *He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness. (= 他从不承认自己的罪行，也不请求饶恕。) 我必须请求你的宽恕。 (= I have to ask for your forgiveness.) Collocation: ask / beg / pray, etc. for (sb’s) forgiveness Derivation: forgive v. CF: forgive & excuse 这两个动词均有“原谅”之意。 forgive 指尽管某人做错了事情，但是你不再生气，不再责怪他了，一般指原谅 或者宽恕比较严重的错误。 excuse 指原谅一些不是很严重的错误，比如莽撞、失礼等小过失。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the two words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. She was ______ for coming late. (= excused) 2. A wife ______ an unfaithful husband. (= forgives) 3. Please _______ my bad handwriting. (=excuse) 4. They _______ their enemies. (= forgive)
2.(Para. 1) good-tempered: adj. pleasant, kind, and not easily made angry (插入声音文件 good-tempered) (Minnie was always good-tempered and agreeable. Note:与 temper有关的词组 lose one' s temper发脾气 Pve never seen Mike lose his temper. keep one' s temper控制脾气、忍耐 I found it increasingly difficult to keep my temper. 3.(Para. 1 )universal: adi. involving everyone in the world or in a particular group There does not appear to be universal agreement on the future of the CBA These stories have universal appeal 4.(Para. 2)ironically: adv. used when talking about a situation in which the opposite of what you expected happens or is Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday 5.(Para. 2)root sth. out: find out where a particular kind of problem exists and get rid of it Action is being taken to root out corruption in the police force 6.(Para. 2)cripple: V 1. damage sth badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective The industry is being crippled by high interest rates Asia's economy was crippled by inflation (=通货膨胀曾使亚洲经济陷于瘫痪。) 罢工使工厂陷于瘫痪 (=The strike crippled the factory
3 2. (Para. 1) good-tempered: adj. pleasant, kind, and not easily made angry （插入声音文件 good-tempered） (=Minnie was always good-tempered and agreeable.) Note: 与 temper 有关的词组 lose one’s temper 发脾气 I’ve never seen Mike lose his temper. keep one’s temper 控制脾气、忍耐 I found it increasingly difficult to keep my temper. 3. (Para.1) universal: adj. involving everyone in the world or in a particular group There does not appear to be universal agreement on the future of the CBA. These stories have universal appeal. 4. (Para. 2) ironically: adv. used when talking about a situation in which the opposite of what you expected happens or is true Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday. 5. (Para. 2) root sth. out: find out where a particular kind of problem exists and get rid of it Action is being taken to root out corruption in the police force. 6. (Para. 2) cripple: v. 1. damage sth. badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective The industry is being crippled by high interest rates. Asia’s economy was crippled by inflation. (=通货膨胀曾使亚洲经济陷于瘫痪。) 罢工使工厂陷于瘫痪 （＝The strike crippled the factory.）
2. hurt sb. badly so that they cannot walk properly 插入图片 cripple2 She was crippled in the car accident. (=她在车祸中致残。) 7. (Para. 2)cling: v continue to believe or do sth, even though it may not be true or useful any longer For the moment i cling to the idea that there are a relatively small number of students left 他坚定地认为她有治愈的希望插入图片cng) ( He clung to the hope that she would be cured Collocation: cling to the hope / belief /idea, etc. 8. (Para. heal: V 1. if a wound or a broken bone heals or is healed the flesh skin or bone grows back together and becomes healthy again (插入声音文件heaD (=A sprain usually takes longer to heal than a broken bone 我胳膊上的伤已愈合了 (=The wound on my arm has healed. 2. if an argument or disagreement between people heals or you heal it, the people stop arguing or disagreeing The disagreement among the family members healed over with time. (=家庭成员之间的不和随着时间的流逝而消失。) CF: treat, heal &cure 这三个动词均有“治疗”之意。 treat指通过用药、住院、手术等来治疗疾病。 hea着重治疗的效果,多指外伤的治愈,也可以指精神上的创伤的愈合。 cure也着重治疗的结果,多指治愈内科疾病,也可用来指消除某种不良的影响。 (Directions: Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The dentist is my teeth. treating) 2. Penicillin him of pneumonia. cured)
4 2. hurt sb. badly so that they cannot walk properly (插入图片 cripple2) She was crippled in the car accident. (= 她在车祸中致残。) 7. (Para. 2) cling: v. continue to believe or do sth., even though it may not be true or useful any longer For the moment I cling to the idea that there are a relatively small number of students left. 他坚定地认为她有治愈的希望(插入图片 cling) (=He clung to the hope that she would be cured.) Collocation: cling to the hope / belief / idea, etc. 8. (Para. 3) heal: v. 1. if a wound or a broken bone heals or is healed, the flesh, skin, or bone grows back together and becomes healthy again （插入声音文件 heal） （＝A sprain usually takes longer to heal than a broken bone. ） 我胳膊上的伤已愈合了。 （＝The wound on my arm has healed.） 2. if an argument or disagreement between people heals or you heal it, the people stop arguing or disagreeing The disagreement among the family members healed over with time. (=家庭成员之间的不和随着时间的流逝而消失。) CF: treat, heal & cure 这三个动词均有“治疗”之意。 treat 指通过用药、住院、手术等来治疗疾病。 heal 着重治疗的效果，多指外伤的治愈，也可以指精神上的创伤的愈合。 cure 也着重治疗的结果，多指治愈内科疾病，也可用来指消除某种不良的影响。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The dentist is _______ my teeth. (= treating) 2. Penicillin ______ him of pneumonia. (= cured)
3. The cut on his finger quickly. healed 4. The new treatment his skin disease. cured) 5. Time most troubles. heals) 9.(Para. 3put: v. say or write sth using words in a particular way When women joined the organization, it"took on a new look", as the news report put it. It's a matter of balance, as one teacher put it. 10. (Para. 5) core: n the most important or central part of sth (插入声音文件core) The core of the book focuses on the period between 1660 and 1857) 问题的关键是债务。(插入图片core) (=Debt is at the core of the problem. Collocations the core of the problem core curriculum 11.(Para. 6)shallow: adj. not interested in or not showing any understanding of important or serious matters used to show disapprova 插入声音文件 shallow) (He's only interested in your look, which shows how shallow he is 12. (Para. 7)initial: adj happening at the beginning (插入图片 initial) The initial talks were the base of the later agreement. (=最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。) Collocations: initial stage phase/ period of the initial letter首字母 13.(Para. 7)one-off: adj happening or done only once, not as part of a regular series In fact the whole exercise was fairly straight forward, except for one problem which required a one-off solution
5 3. The cut on his finger ______ quickly. (= healed) 4. The new treatment _____ his skin disease. (= cured) 5. Time ______ most troubles. (= heals) 9. (Para. 3) put: v. say or write sth. using words in a particular way When women joined the organization, it “took on a new look”, as the news report put it. It’s a matter of balance, as one teacher put it. 10. (Para. 5) core: n. the most important or central part of sth. （插入声音文件 core） (= The core of the book focuses on the period between 1660 and 1857.) 问题的关键是债务。(插入图片 core) （＝Debt is at the core of the problem.） Collocations: the core of the problem core curriculum 11. (Para. 6) shallow: adj. not interested in or not showing any understanding of important or serious matters — used to show disapproval （插入声音文件 shallow） (=He’s only interested in your look, which shows how shallow he is.) 12. (Para. 7) initial: adj. happening at the beginning (插入图片 initial) The initial talks were the base of the later agreement. (=最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。) Collocations: initial stage / phase / period of the initial letter 首字母 13. (Para. 7) one-off: adj. happening or done only once, not as part of a regular series In fact the whole exercise was fairly straight forward, except for one problem which required a one-off solution
14.(Para. 7)confrontation: n. a situation in which there is a lot of angry disagreement between two people or groups (插入声音文件 confrontation)(插入图片 confrontation) (Julia had stayed in her room to avoid any more confrontation They sense this may develop into a confrontation between teachers. Pattern confrontation with between 15. (Para. 8resentment: n. a feeling of anger because sth. has happened that you think is unfair (插入声音文件 resentment)插入图片 resentment Tom stared at the other boys with resentment she was filled with deep resentment at being passed over for promotion Collocation: feel harbour bear resentment CF: resentment offence 这两个名词均有“愤怒、怨恨”之意。 resentment指因受到侮辱或自尊心受到伤害而产生的怨恨。例如 She cherished a deep resentment towards her employer for having denied her a promotion. Everyone feels resentment at being treated unfairly offence指因为话语或者行为而感到生气,语气没有 resentment强烈。例如: I hope you will not take any offence at my words. She easily takes offence. 16. (Para. 9)tackle v. try to deal with a difficult problem 插入图片 tac kle) It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze There is more than one way to tackle the problem 解决这个问题有许多方法。) 6
6 14. (Para. 7) confrontation: n. a situation in which there is a lot of angry disagreement between two people or groups （插入声音文件 confrontation）(插入图片 confrontation) (= Julia had stayed in her room to avoid any more confrontation.) They sense this may develop into a confrontation between teachers. Pattern: confrontation with / between 15. (Para. 8) resentment: n. a feeling of anger because sth. has happened that you think is unfair （插入声音文件 resentment）(插入图片 resentment) (= Tom stared at the other boys with resentment.) *She was filled with deep resentment at being passed over for promotion. Collocation: feel / harbour / bear resentment . CF: resentment & offence 这两个名词均有“愤怒、怨恨”之意。 resentment 指因受到侮辱或自尊心受到伤害而产生的怨恨。例如: She cherished a deep resentment towards her employer for having denied her a promotion. Everyone feels resentment at being treated unfairly. offence 指因为话语或者行为而感到生气，语气没有 resentment 强烈。例如： I hope you will not take any offence at my words. She easily takes offence. 16. (Para. 9) tackle v. try to deal with a difficult problem (插入图片 tackle) It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze . There is more than one way to tackle the problem. (＝解决这个问题有许多方法。)
The question set by the teacher was so difficult that the pupils did not know how to tackle it 17. L45)innocent: adj. not guilty of a crime (插入声音文件 innocent) (Nobody would believe that I was innocent. Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime? (=你能提供证据证明他没有犯这罪吗?) Pattern innocent of 18.(Para. 9)functional: adj. designed to be useful rather than beautiful or attractive (插入图片 functiona These buildings are beautifully designed, not purely functional Note functiona|的反义词为 decorative 19.(Para. 10) peel: V 1. if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces; lose an outer layer or surface (插入声音文件pel) (The paper was peeling from the wall.) (插入图片peel1) The bark peels off. My skin always peels after Ive been in the sun 2. remove the outer layer from sth ; remove the skin from fruit or vegetables Peel the label from the jar. (=撕下这个瓶罐的标签。 插入图片peel2) 请剥开这只香蕉的皮。 (Please peel this banana
7 The question set by the teacher was so difficult that the pupils did not know how to tackle it. 17. (L45) innocent: adj. not guilty of a crime （插入声音文件 innocent） (=Nobody would believe that I was innocent.) *Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime? (=你能提供证据证明他没有犯这罪吗?) Pattern: innocent of 18. (Para. 9) functional: adj. designed to be useful rather than beautiful or attractive (插入图片 functional) These buildings are beautifully designed, not purely functional. Note: functional 的反义词为 decorative 19. (Para. 10) peel: v. 1. if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces; lose an outer layer or surface （插入声音文件 peel） (=The paper was peeling from the wall.) (插入图片 peel 1) The bark peels off. My skin always peels after I’ve been in the sun. 2. remove the outer layer from sth.; remove the skin from fruit or vegetables Peel the label from the jar. (=撕下这个瓶罐的标签。.) (插入图片 peel 2) 请剥开这只香蕉的皮。 (=Please peel this banana.)
20.(Para. 10)flaw: n. a mistake, mark, or weakness that makes sth imperfect a design flaw caused the engine to explode 插入图片faw) A flaw in the crystal caused it to shatter. Pattern flaw in CF: flaw& defect 这两个名词均有“缺陷”之意。 faw表示存在或出现瑕疵,使某物不完美。例如 The flaw in the weapon was its inability to fire rapidly The length of her white gloves was the only flaw in her appearance defect常常表示一个缺陷非常严重,以致完全妨碍了某种功能的发挥。例如: a defect in the fuel lines prevented the missile from blasting off. 21.(Para. 13)at peace (with a situation in which there is no war or fighting The country is at peace with its neighbours for the first time in years 22. (Para. 14)nurture: V help a plan, idea, feeling, etc to develop It is important to nurture potential in your employees. (插入声音文件 nurture)(插入图片 nurture) (Reading aloud nurtures the love of books in children 23.(Para. 15)alternative: n. an alternative idea, plan etc is different from the one you have and can be used instead We have no alternative but to go on (=除了继续下去,我们没有别的选择。) There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory CF: choice, alternative option 这三个名词均有“选择”之意 choice指从几样东西中选择,强调选择的自由度。例如 New stocks have just arrived, so the shop now has a large choice of goods The blue one is my choice
8 20. (Para. 10) flaw: n. a mistake, mark, or weakness that makes sth. imperfect A design flaw caused the engine to explode. (插入图片 flaw) A flaw in the crystal caused it to shatter. Pattern: flaw in CF: flaw & defect 这两个名词均有“缺陷”之意。 flaw 表示存在或出现瑕疵，使某物不完美。例如: The flaw in the weapon was its inability to fire rapidly. The length of her white gloves was the only flaw in her appearance. defect 常常表示一个缺陷非常严重，以致完全妨碍了某种功能的发挥。例如: A defect in the fuel lines prevented the missile from blasting off. 21. (Para. 13) at peace (with): a situation in which there is no war or fighting The country is at peace with its neighbours for the first time in years. 22. (Para. 14) nurture: v. help a plan, idea, feeling, etc. to develop It is important to nurture potential in your employees. （插入声音文件 nurture）（插入图片 nurture） (=Reading aloud nurtures the love of books in children.) 23. (Para.15)alternative: n. an alternative idea, plan etc is different from the one you have and can be used instead We have no alternative but to go on. (=除了继续下去，我们没有别的选择。) There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory. CF: choice, alternative & option 这三个名词均有“选择”之意。 choice 指从几样东西中选择，强调选择的自由度。例如: New stocks have just arrived, so the shop now has a large choice of goods. The blue one is my choice
alternative多指从两者之间做出选择,强调选择的范围受到限制。例如: You have the alternative of staying in high school or going to work option指在特定条件下作出的选择,强调选择的可能性。例如: None of the options are satisfactory There are three options open to us
9 alternative 多指从两者之间做出选择，强调选择的范围受到限制。例如： You have the alternative of staying in high school or going to work. option 指在特定条件下作出的选择，强调选择的可能性。例如： None of the options are satisfactory. There are three options open to us