Unit 2 Book 2 The value of life ###1. Difficult Sentences 1. ( Para. 1)All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. What is the usage of“ thrilling,"“ limited" and“ specified"here? (They are -ing and -ed forms of verbs used as adjectives In the -ing case the noun being modified is the doer of the action and in the -ed case the noun being modified is the often the receiver of the action 2.(Para. 3)We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come 1. What does the word“ which” refer to here? (A gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation 2. Why do most of us lose the gentleness, the vigor and the keenness of appreciation? ( Because day after day, time seems to be endless in our life 3. Translate this sentence into chinese (=每一天我们都应该怀着柔情,充满活力,心存感激,而这些在来日方长 时却常被我们所忽视。) 3.(Para. 4) So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude towards life 1. What does this sentence imply? We spend our life on meaningless things, but never realize that we are so indifferent to the true value of life 2. Translate this part into Chinese. (=所以我们忙于琐事,几乎不曾意识到自己对生活的态度有多么冷漠。) 4.( LL 28-30)Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. What rhetorical device is used in this sentence? ( Inversion is used in this sentence. This is a partial inversion with
1 Unit 2 Book 2 The Value of Life ##1. Difficult Sentences 1. (Para. 1) All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. What is the usage of “thrilling”, “limited” and “specified” here? (=They are -ing and -ed forms of verbs used as adjectives. In the -ing case the noun being modified is the doer of the action and in the -ed case the noun being modified is the often the receiver of the action.) 2. (Para. 3) We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. 1. What does the word “which” refer to here? (=A gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation.) 2. Why do most of us lose the gentleness, the vigor and the keenness of appreciation? ( = Because day after day, time seems to be endless in our life.) 3. Translate this sentence into Chinese. (= 每一天我们都应该怀着柔情, 充满活力, 心存感激, 而这些在来日方长 时却常被我们所忽视。) 3. (Para. 4) So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude towards life. 1. What does this sentence imply? (= We spend our life on meaningless things, but never realize that we are so indifferent to the true value of life.) 2. Translate this part into Chinese. (=所以我们忙于琐事， 几乎不曾意识到自己对生活的态度有多么冷漠。) 4. (LL 28~ 30) Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. What rhetorical device is used in this sentence? (= Inversion is used in this sentence. This is a partial inversion with
the word "particularly "at the beginning of the sentence 5.(Para. 7)I might have shown disbelief had I not been accustomed to such responses,… What can we infer from this sentence? (The author has been used to getting responses like this, so such responses don't seem so unbelievable to her 6.(Para. 8 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? What do you think may be the answer to the question according to the author? why? ( Yes, it is really possible because the people who are able to see always take what they see for granted, and pay little attention to them 7.(Para. 8 In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep Translate this sentence into chinese (=春天里,我怀着希望触摸着树枝寻找新芽,那是大自然从冬眠中苏醒 第一个征象 8.(Para. 8)To me the colorful seasons are a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips Translate this sentence into chinese (=对我来说,多彩的季节如同一场动人心魄的永无完结的戏剧,剧中情节 从我的指尖流过。) 9.(Para. 9)It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, Paraphrase this sentence Perhaps it is common to all human beings that we seldom feel thankful for what we have and that we are eager to own
2 the word “particularly” at the beginning of the sentence.) 5. (Para. 7) I might have shown disbelief had I not been accustomed to such responses, … What can we infer from this sentence? (= The author has been used to getting responses like this, so such responses don’t seem so unbelievable to her.) 6. (Para. 8) How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? What do you think may be the answer to the question according to the author? Why? (= Yes, it is really possible because the people who are able to see always take what they see for granted, and pay little attention to them.) 7. (Para. 8) In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter’s sleep. Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=春天里，我怀着希望触摸着树枝寻找新芽，那是大自然从冬眠中苏醒 第一个征象。) 8. (Para. 8) To me the colorful seasons are a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips. Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=对我来说，多彩的季节如同一场动人心魄的永无完结的戏剧，剧中情节 从我的指尖流过。) 9. (Para. 9) It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, ... Paraphrase this sentence. (= Perhaps it is common to all human beings that we seldom feel thankful for what we have and that we are eager to own
what we haven't) 10.(Para.9).but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullness to life 1. How do those who are able to see use the gift of sight according to the author? ( They just use it as a means of convenience to live 2. How should those who are able to see use the gift of sight according to the author? It should be used as a means to make our life fuller. #2. Words and Expressions 1.(Para.1)thrilling: adj. exciting and interesting It is such a thrilling experience to see the vast African landscape aa 入图片 thrilling) (插入声音文件 thrilling ( The book is another thrilling story of mystery and suspense 2.(Para. 1)specify: v. state sth in an exact and detailed way (插入图片toys) These toys can ' t reach the standards the state has specified (插入声音文件 specify) (The order specifies a December deadline for comp letion of the work 3. (Para. 1)condemn: v give sb. a severe punishment after deciding they are guilty of a crime; say very strongly that ou do not approve of sth. or sb. especially because you think it is morally wrong The prisoner was condemned to death We all strongly condemn violence of any sort. 我们强烈谴责任何形式的暴力行为。) Patterns condemn sb for doing sth
3 what we haven’t.) 10. (Para. 9) …but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullness to life. 1. How do those who are able to see use the gift of sight according to the author? (= They just use it as a means of convenience to live.) 2. How should those who are able to see use the gift of sight according to the author? (= It should be used as a means to make our life fuller.) ##2. Words and Expressions 1. (Para.1) thrilling: adj. exciting and interesting * It is such a thrilling experience to see the vast African landscape. (插 入图片 thrilling) (插入声音文件 thrilling) (= The book is another thrilling story of mystery and suspense.) 2. (Para. 1) specify: v. state sth. in an exact and detailed way (插入图片 toys) These toys can’t reach the standards the state has specified. （插入声音文件 specify） (=The order specifies a December deadline for completion of the work.) 3. (Para. 1) condemn: v. give sb. a severe punishment after deciding they are guilty of a crime; say very strongly that you do not approve of sth. or sb., especially because you think it is morally wrong The prisoner was condemned to death. We all strongly condemn violence of any sort. (=我们强烈谴责任何形式的暴力行为。) Patterns: condemn sb. for doing sth
condemn sb. to sth condemn sb.sth as sth 4.(Para. 1)confine: v. keep sb or sth. within the limits of a particular activity or subject; if you are confined to a place, you have to stay in that place, especially because you are ill He is confined to bed with illness 这次事故之后她坐在轮椅上度过了后半生(插入图片 wheelcha) (She was confined to a wheelchair for the rest of her life after the accident.) (插入声音文件 confine) She confines her speech to environmental pollution CF confine, imprison jail 这些动词均含“监禁”之意。 confine指把某人或某物关在一个地方,使之不能离开。 Imprison较正式用词,指把某人关在监狱里面或者阻止某人离开某地 jai把某人关进监狱,一般罪比较轻 (Directions: Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The murderer will be for the rest of his life. imprisoned 2. Jane hates the job as a secretary because she feels in the office all day. confined) 3. He attacked a policeman after getting drunk, and was for two weeks. jailed) 4. It's cruel to a bird to a cage. confine) 5.(Para. 6)appreciative of sth. grateful for sth The guests are quite appreciative of the host's entertainment. (插入声音文件 appreciative) A good boss should be appreciative of any thing the staff do for him 6.(Para. 2)in /under. circumstances: the conditions that affect a situation, action, event, etc. 你在目前这种情况下退出是不明智的。 (=lt is not wise for you to quit under present circumstances
4 condemn sb. to sth. condemn sb. / sth. as sth. 4. (Para. 1) confine: v. keep sb. or sth. within the limits of a particular activity or subject; if you are confined to a place, you have to stay in that place, especially because you are ill He is confined to bed with illness. 这次事故之后她坐在轮椅上度过了后半生. (插入图片 wheelchair) (=She was confined to a wheelchair for the rest of her life after the accident. ) （插入声音文件 confine） (= She confines her speech to environmental pollution.) CF. confine, imprison & jail 这些动词均含“监禁”之意。 confine 指把某人或某物关在一个地方，使之不能离开。 imprison 较正式用词，指把某人关在监狱里面或者阻止某人离开某地。 jail 把某人关进监狱，一般罪比较轻。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The murderer will be ______ for the rest of his life. (=imprisoned) 2. Jane hates the job as a secretary because she feels ______ in the office all day. (=confined) 3. He attacked a policeman after getting drunk, and was _____ for two weeks. (=jailed) 4. It’s cruel to ____ a bird to a cage. (=confine) 5. (Para. 6) appreciative of sth.: grateful for sth. The guests are quite appreciative of the host’s entertainment. （插入声音文件 appreciative） (= A good boss should be appreciative of anything the staff do for him.) 6. (Para. 2) in / under…circumstances: the conditions that affect a situation, action, event, etc. 你在目前这种情况下退出是不明智的。 （=It is not wise for you to quit under present circumstances.）
(插入声音文件 circumstances) (In no circumstances should you leave your baggage unattended in the airport. 7.(Para. 3)emphasize: V say sth in a strong way He repeatedly emphasized the importance of team spirit. 8.(Para. 3 keen adj. 1)sb. with a keen mind is quick to understand things a keen observer a keen mind 2) sb who is keen on sth is very interested in it or enjoys doing it very much (插入图片 ballet She is keen on ballet. 9.(Para. 3)adopt: v. start to deal with or think about sth. in a particular way (插入图片 tulip We adopted new methods to cultivating tulips this year. 新技术的采用提高了产品的质量。 ( The newly-adopted techniques improved the quality of products. 10.(题目上面)take…. for granted: expect that sb or sth. will always be there when you need them and never think how important or useful they are; believe that sth is true without making sure (插入声音文件 grant) Most of us, busy with work, take our family for granted. 不要想当然的认为努力一定会换来成功。 (=Don' t take it for granted that hard work is certainly followed with success. 11.(Para. 4)picture v. imagine sth by making an image in your mind
5 （插入声音文件 circumstances） (=In no circumstances should you leave your baggage unattended in the airport.) 7. (Para. 3) emphasize: v. say sth. in a strong way He repeatedly emphasized the importance of team spirit. 8. (Para. 3) keen adj. 1) sb. with a keen mind is quick to understand things a keen observer a keen mind 2) sb.who is keen on sth. is very interested in it or enjoys doing it very much （插入图片 ballet） She is keen on ballet. 9. (Para. 3) adopt: v. start to deal with or think about sth. in a particular way (插入图片 tulip) We adopted new methods to cultivating tulips this year. 新技术的采用提高了产品的质量。 （= The newly-adopted techniques improved the quality of products.） 10. (题目上面) take … for granted: expect that sb. or sth. will always be there when you need them and never think how important or useful they are; believe that sth. is true without making sure (插入声音文件 grant) (=Most of us, busy with work, take our family for granted.) 不要想当然的认为努力一定会换来成功。 （=Don’t take it for granted that hard work is certainly followed with success.） 11. (Para. 4) picture v.: imagine sth. by making an image in your mind
I had never met John, but I pictured him as a pale, thin young man wearing glasses (插入声音文件 picture) ( l can still picture my uncle as I knew him, with his grey suit and large old shoes. 12.(Para. 5)characterize: V be typical of a person place or thing Picasso's work The Tragedy is characterized by dominant use of bue.(插入图片 Tragedy) 插入声音文件 characterize) (The spacious entrance hall characterizes all the buildings here 13.(题目上面)dea:a可 1) physically unable to hear any thing or unable to hear well 插入声音文件deaf) lt is amazing that the deaf people can dance so beautifully without hearing the music. 2 be unwilling to hear or listen to sth The manager is deaf to the customers complaints She was deaf to his pleas Collocations: deaf and dumb deaf as a post be deaf to sth fall on deaf ears 14.(Para. 5)take in: understand and remember new facts and information (插入声音文件 take in) (The smart boy can always take in what the teacher teaches in class quickly 我怀疑他是否真的听进了我说的话,他看起来心不在焉的 ( l doubt whether he really takes in what I am saying; he seems so be absent-minded 15.(Para. 5 grateful adj. fee ling that you want to thank sb. because of 6
6 I had never met John, but I pictured him as a pale, thin young man wearing glasses. (插入声音文件 picture) (=I can still picture my uncle as I knew him, with his grey suit and large old shoes.) 12. (Para. 5) characterize: v. be typical of a person, place or thing *Picasso’s work The Tragedy is characterized by dominant use of blue. (插入图片 Tragedy) (插入声音文件 characterize) (=The spacious entrance hall characterizes all the buildings here.) 13. (题目上面) deaf: adj. 1) physically unable to hear anything or unable to hear well (插入声音文件 deaf ) (= It is amazing that the deaf people can dance so beautifully without hearing the music.) 2) be unwilling to hear or listen to sth. The manager is deaf to the customer’s complaints. She was deaf to his pleas. Collocations: deaf and dumb deaf as a post be deaf to sth. fall on deaf ears 14. (Para. 5) take in: understand and remember new facts and information (插入声音文件 take in) (=The smart boy can always take in what the teacher teaches in class quickly.) 我怀疑他是否真的听进了我说的话, 他看起来心不在焉的. (=I doubt whether he really takes in what I am saying; he seems so be absent-minded.) 15. (Para. 5) grateful adj.: feeling that you want to thank sb. because of
sth kind that they have done, or showing this feeling We are really very grateful to you for all you have done for us (插入声音文件 grateful) (The winner smiled at his parents, grateful for their support CF grateful& appreciative 这两个形容词均有“感谢的、感激的”之意。 grateful普通用词,强调因对方的恩惠、好意或帮助,从内心产生的感激之情 He felt grateful for his friends'help when he was in trouble. appreciative与 grateful基本同义,但语气较强,强调以行动或言语来慼谢 The millionaire' s generosity shows he is really appreciative for his family members'support to his business. 16. (Para. 5)conscious: adj. noticing or realizing sth I was conscious that I made a mistake (插入声音文件 conscIoUs) (The driver was still conscious when he was sent to the hospital) (插入图片baby) On seeing the new-born baby, the young father became conscious of his responsibilities CF aware, conscious sensible 这些形容词均含“意识到的”之意 aware强调通过耳闻目睹或感觉而得到的信息,也指敏税的观察和推断。强调 感知,多与of一起用 ConscIous指内心的感觉,强调深刻的心理活动 sensible强调通过直觉或理性感觉意识到某物的存在。 (Directions Fill in the blanks with the three words above 1. had to make a/ an effort not to be rude to him. conscious) 2. She is of the dangers of her position. sensible) 3. One's motives are often different from one's subconscious ones.conscious) 4. He concentrated on his job so much that he was not of the time. aware) 17.(Para. 6)stricken: adj. very badly affected by trouble, illness, unhappiness, etc The little boy was stricken with fever. 18. (Para. 7)response: n sth that is said or written as a reply
7 sth. kind that they have done, or showing this feeling We are really very grateful to you for all you have done for us. （插入声音文件 grateful） (=The winner smiled at his parents, grateful for their support.) CF. grateful & appreciative 这两个形容词均有“感谢的、感激的”之意。 grateful 普通用词，强调因对方的恩惠、好意或帮助，从内心产生的感激之情。 He felt grateful for his friends’ help when he was in trouble. appreciative 与 grateful 基本同义，但语气较强，强调以行动或言语来感谢。 The millionaire’s generosity shows he is really appreciative for his family members’ support to his business. 16. (Para. 5) conscious: adj. noticing or realizing sth. I was conscious that I made a mistake. （插入声音文件 conscious） (=The driver was still conscious when he was sent to the hospital.) （插入图片 baby ） On seeing the new-born baby, the young father became conscious of his responsibilities. CF. aware, conscious & sensible 这些形容词均含“意识到的”之意。 aware 强调通过耳闻目睹或感觉而得到的信息，也指敏税的观察和推断。强调 感知，多与 of 一起用。 conscious 指内心的感觉，强调深刻的心理活动。 sensible 强调通过直觉或理性感觉意识到某物的存在。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. 1. I had to make a / an ______ effort not to be rude to him. (=conscious) 2. She is ______ of the dangers of her position. (=sensible) 3. One’s _______ motives are often different from one’s subconscious ones. (=conscious) 4. He concentrated on his job so much that he was not ______ of the time. (=aware) 17. (Para. 6) stricken: adj. very badly affected by trouble, illness, unhappiness, etc. The little boy was stricken with fever. 18. (Para. 7) response: n. sth. that is said or written as a reply
首相对记者的提问不予回答。 (The Prime Minister made no response to the journalist's questions (插入声音文件 response (The workers got a favorable response to their pay demands. 19.(Para. 7)convince: V. make sb feel certain that sth is true The jury was convinced he was innocent. 他终于让我相信了他的真诚。 ( He eventually convinced me of his sincerity. (插入图片 smoking) The newspaper article has convinced me that smo king is a dangerous habit. Patterns convince sb. of sth convince sb.( that). 20.(Para. 8 worthy of: be ing deserved to be thought about or treated in a cular way (插入图片 Helen Keller's contributions are worthy of the honor they offered her 他的成就值得给予最高赞赏 (His achievements are worthy of the highest praise. 21.(Para. 8)sign: n an event, fact, etc. that shows that sth is happening or that sth is true or exists All the signs show that our guess will turn out to be true. 警方彻底搜查了房屋,没有发现任何非法闯入的迹象。 (=The police searched the house thoroughly, but found no signs of a break-in . CF: sign& indication 这两个名词均为“迹象”之意 sign指一些事实或者迹象,这些事实能证明某些事情正在发生或者某事是真的 或的确存在。例如: Signs of this illness are rapid breathing and a weak pulse. indication特指人的一些言行使人相信某些事情已经,正在或即将发生。例如: The two leaders greet each other warmly, which is an indication that the situation will take a favorable turn
8 首相对记者的提问不予回答。 (=The Prime Minister made no response to the journalist’s questions.) （插入声音文件 response） (=The workers got a favorable response to their pay demands.) 19. (Para. 7) convince: v. make sb. feel certain that sth. is true The jury was convinced he was innocent. 他终于让我相信了他的真诚。 （= He eventually convinced me of his sincerity.） (插入图片 smoking) * The newspaper article has convinced me that smoking is a dangerous habit. Patterns: convince sb. of sth. convince sb. (that)… 20. (Para. 8) worthy of: being deserved to be thought about or treated in a particular way (插入图片 worthy) Helen Keller’s contributions are worthy of the honor they offered her. 他的成就值得给予最高赞赏。 (=His achievements are worthy of the highest praise.) 21. (Para. 8) sign: n. an event, fact, etc. that shows that sth. is happening or that sth. is true or exists All the signs show that our guess will turn out to be true. 警方彻底搜查了房屋， 没有发现任何非法闯入的迹象。 （= The police searched the house thoroughly, but found no signs of a break-in.） CF: sign & indication 这两个名词均为“迹象”之意。 sign 指一些事实或者迹象，这些事实能证明某些事情正在发生或者某事是真的 或的确存在。例如： Signs of this illness are rapid breathing and a weak pulse. indication 特指人的一些言行使人相信某些事情已经，正在或即将发生。例如： The two leaders greet each other warmly, which is an indication that the situation will take a favorable turn
22.(Para.8 awaken 1. v. wake up or to make someone wake up She was awakened to take her turn on guard. 半夜我被房间里奇怪的声音吵醒了。 (=I was awakened by the strange sounds in my bedroom at light. 2. V. if sth awakens an emotion, interest, memory, etc, it makes you suddenly begin to feel that emotion, etc. Many people are still not awakened to the importance of environmental protection. (插入声音文件 awaken) (E The children are awakened to the danger of their behavior. 23.(Para. 8)reveal: V. make known sth. that was previously secret or unknown The special agent didn't reveal his identity until the last moment. 这桩法律界的丑闻终于被一位勇敢的记者在报纸上披露了出来。 (= This scandal in the law was finally revealed in the newspaper by a brave journalist. CF: reveal, disclose& expose 这些动词均有“揭露,揭示”之意 revea|指的是说出或揭开一个秘密,或不为人知的事情。其范围可以 公开的也可以是私下的 disclose强调的是公开揭露不为人所知的事实或名字 expose指的是公开揭露一些组织或个人的秘密行为,且揭露者认为公众有权知 道这些不可告人的秘密。 (Directions: ) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. Our company has just_ its new plan for the coming new year. ( revealed) 2. The investigation 3.system in use at the time of the crash. (=disclose nce of the radar that the pilot had no experie My friend suddenly that she had broken up with her boyfriend when we were chatting. revealed 4. The public called for the politician's resignation soon after his criminal activities were to the media. exposed)
9 22. (Para. 8) awaken: 1. v. wake up or to make someone wake up She was awakened to take her turn on guard. 半夜我被房间里奇怪的声音吵醒了。 （= I was awakened by the strange sounds in my bedroom at midnight.） 2. v. if sth. awakens an emotion, interest, memory, etc., it makes you suddenly begin to feel that emotion, etc. Many people are still not awakened to the importance of environmental protection. (插入声音文件 awaken) (= The children are awakened to the danger of their behavior.) 23. (Para. 8) reveal: v. make known sth. that was previously secret or unknown The special agent didn’t reveal his identity until the last moment. 这桩法律界的丑闻终于被一位勇敢的记者在报纸上披露了出来。 （= This scandal in the law was finally revealed in the newspaper by a brave journalist.） CF: reveal, disclose & expose 这些动词均有“揭露，揭示”之意。 reveal 指的是说出或揭开一个秘密，或不为人知的事情。其范围可以 公开的也可以是私下的。 disclose 强调的是公开揭露不为人所知的事实或名字。 expose 指的是公开揭露一些组织或个人的秘密行为，且揭露者认为公众有权知 道这些不可告人的秘密。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. Our company has just ___ its new plan for the coming new year. (= revealed) 2. The investigation ____ that the pilot had no experience of the radar system in use at the time of the crash. (=disclosed) 3. My friend suddenly ___ that she had broken up with her boyfriend when we were chatting. (= revealed) 4. The public called for the politician’s resignation soon after his criminal activities were ____ to the media. (=exposed)
24.(Para. 9)long for: want sth. very much, especially when it seems All the children are longing for the festival 插入图片long) On his birthday he got the present he had longed for, a new bicycle. Patterns: long to long for sb. to do sth long for sth 25.(Para. 9 )convenience: n sth that is useful because it saves you time or means that you have less work to do Folding chairs give us the convenience of storing them in a limited 插入声音文件 convenience) They rented an apartment with all the modern conveniences
10 24. (Para. 9) long for: want sth. very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon All the children are longing for the festival. (插入图片 long) On his birthday he got the present he had longed for, a new bicycle. Patterns: long to do sth. long for sb. to do sth. long for sth. 25. (Para. 9) convenience: n. sth. that is useful because it saves you time or means that you have less work to do Folding chairs give us the convenience of storing them in a limited space. (插入声音文件 convenience ) (= They rented an apartment with all the modern conveniences.)