第10章 基因决定人类对世界的认知 第十章 感知世界科学实践 10.Sensing the world and scientific practice 1.Incomplete sensing and the true cause and results 不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 2.Opinion or Facts? 观点与事实-人类的预期 3.The Core of Scientific Research 科学研究的本质 4.Lies and Pseudoscience 201 谎言与伪科学
2017/12/5 1 1 第十章 感知世界-科学实践 10. Sensing the world and scientific practice 1. Incomplete sensing and the true cause and results 不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 2. Opinion or Facts? 观点与事实-人类的预期 3. The Core of Scientific Research 科学研究的本质 4. Lies and Pseudoscience 谎言与伪科学 第10章 基因决定人类对世界的认知
科学；人类认世的飞中 by numbers Decision-making in animal groups 动物群体如何做出决定 nature FISH COURSE
科学：人类认识世界的思想飞跃 动物群体如何做出决定
1、不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 眼的进化与发育
1、不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 眼的进化与发育
进化的特征 进化的特征取决于突变的特征和选择的特征 ◆逐代渐进：基因以传代为基本节点 ◆在原有基础上积累突变
进化的特征 逐代渐进：基因以传代为基本节点 在原有基础上积累突变 进化的特征取决于突变的特征和选择的特征
a)Region of photosensitive cells b)Depressed/folded area allows limited directional sensitiv ity 光的感知 感光点 有限感知光的方向 Photoreceptors Nerve 软体动物眼的进化与发育： fibres ◆获知更多事实是生存 竞争的需要 孔式精细感知光的 封闭增加折射率 ￥方向 Retina Area of Transparent photoreceptors/ humor retina 镜头晶体增加图像 角膜与可调镜头晶体 范围和精度 Lens Comea Aqueou humor Come Lens Optic nerve Retina Vitreous humor
光的感知 软体动物眼的进化与发育： 获知更多事实是生存 竞争的需要 感光点 有限感知光的方向 孔式精细感知光的 方向 封闭增加折射率 镜头晶体增加图像 范围和精度 角膜与可调镜头晶体
1、不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 Cave shrimp with lost eyes
1、不完整的感知与真实的因果关系 Cave shrimp with lost eyes
How Engaging With Art Affects the Human Brain 艺术如何影响人的大脑 6 2013美国科学促进会画展
How Engaging With Art Affects the Human Brain Cave shrimp with lost eyes 艺术如何影响人的大脑 2013 美国科学促进会画展
从感知到感受：7种神经分子与幸福感 1.Endocannabinoids:"The Bliss Molecule" 1.内源大麻素：幸福感 appetite,pain-sensation,mood,memory, locomotion reward 2.Dopamine:"The Reward Molecule" 2多巴胺：快乐的感觉 3.Oxytocin:"The Bonding Molecule" 3.催产素：相互依存的感觉 4.Endorphin:“The Pain-Killing Molecule” 4.内啡肽：我不痛！ 5.GABA:“The Anti-Anxiety Molecule”GABA: 5.镇静的感觉 6.Serotonin:"The Confidence Molecule" 6.五羟色胺：自信的感觉 7.Adrenaline:"The Energy Molecule" 7.肾上腺素：准备战斗！
从感知到感受：7种神经分子与幸福感 Cave shrimp with lost eyes 1. Endocannabinoids: “The Bliss Molecule” 1.内源大麻素：幸福感 appetite, pain-sensation, mood, memory, locomotion reward 2. Dopamine: “The Reward Molecule” 2.多巴胺：快乐的感觉 3. Oxytocin: “The Bonding Molecule” 3.催产素：相互依存的感觉 4. Endorphin: “The Pain-Killing Molecule” 4.内啡肽：我不痛！ 5. GABA: “The Anti-Anxiety Molecule” GABA: 5.镇静的感觉 6. Serotonin: “The Confidence Molecule” 6. 五羟色胺：自信的感觉 7. Adrenaline: “The Energy Molecule” 7. 肾上腺素：准备战斗！
2、观点与事实-人类的预期 Science 30 November 2012: <Prev Table of Contents Next Vol.338n0.6111pp.1202-1205 D0l:10.1126/science.1225266 Read Full Text to Comment (0) REPORT 脑功能行使的大规模模型 A Large-Scale Model of the Functioning Brain Chris Eliasmith-,Terrence C.Stewart,Xuan Choo,Trevor Bekolay,Travis DeWolf,Yichuan Tang, Daniel Rasmussen ±Author Affiliations -To whom correspondence should be addressed.E-mail:celiasmith @uwaterloo.ca ABSTRACT A central challenge for cognitive and systems neuroscience is to relate the incredibly complex behavior of animals to the equally complex activity of their brains.Recently described,large-scale neural models have not bridged this gap between neural activity and biological function.In this work,we present a 2.5-million- neuron model of the brain(called "Spaun")that bridges this gap by exhibiting many different behaviors.The model is presented only with visual image sequences,and it draws all of its responses with a physically modeled arm.Although simplified,the model captures many aspects of neuroanatomy,neurophysiology, and psychological behavior,which we demonstrate via eight diverse tasks
2、观点与事实-人类的预期 脑功能行使的大规模模型
2、观点与事实-人类的预期 A Large-Scale Model of the A PPC Functioning Brain PM DLPFC 科学杂志2012 VLPFC thalamus OFC 脑的感受与行动 V1-V2V4 AIT 感受系统 处理系统 B Working Memory 记忆系统 回报系统 Visual Information Transform Reward Information Motor Motor input Encoding Calculation Evaluation Decoding Processing Output 行动选择 Action Selection =hierarchy
2、观点与事实-人类的预期 A Large-Scale Model of the Functioning Brain 科学杂志 2012 脑的感受与行动 感受系统 处理系统 记忆系统 回报系统 行动选择