11.1 单糖是多羟基醛或多羟基酮 11.2 单糖之间连接能形成复杂的糖 11.3 与寡糖连接的蛋白质叫糖蛋白 11.4 凝聚素是特异的糖结合蛋白

1. Proteins Are Built from a Repertoire of 20 Amino Acids 2. Primary Structure: Amino Acids Are Linked by Peptide Bonds to Form Polypeptide Chains 3. Secondary Structure: Polypeptide Chains Can Fold into Regular Structures Such As the Alpha Helix, the Beta Sheet, and Turns and Loops

1.A Nucleic Acid Consists of Four Kinds of Bases Linked to a Sugar-Phosphate Backbone 2.A Pair of Nucleic Acid Chains with Complementary Sequences Can Form a Double￾Helical Structure 3.DNA Is Replicated by Polymerases That Take Instructions from Templates

1. Enzymes Are Powerful and Highly Specific Catalysts 2. Free Energy Is a Useful Thermodynamic Function for Understanding Enzymes －热力学 3. Enzymes Accelerate Reactions by Facilitating the Formation of the Transition State －化学 4. The Michaelis-Menten Model Accounts for the Kinetic Properties of Many Enzymes －动力学

4. The Michaelis-Menten Model Accounts for the Kinetic Properties of Many Enzymes －动力学 5. Enzymes Can Be Inhibited by Specific Molecules －抑制作用

1. Allosteric Control 变构控制，别构控制 2. Multiple Forms of Enzymes. Isozymes, or isoenzymes 同功酶 3. Reversible Covalent Modification. 可逆共价修饰 4. Proteolytic Activation. 蛋白酶作用 5. Controlling the Amount of Enzyme Present. 控制酶量

1.Fatty Acids Are Key Constituents of Lipids 脂肪酸是脂质的主要组成成分 2.There Are Three Common Types of Membrane Lipids 3.Phospholipids and Glycolipids Readily Form Bimolecular Sheets in Aqueous Media 4.Proteins Carry Out Most Membrane Processes 5.Lipids and Many Membrane Proteins Diffuse Rapidly in the plane of the Membrane 6.Eukaryotic Cells Contain Compartments Bounded by Internal Membranes

第一节 概述 第二节 核酸的分子组成 第三节 核酸的分子结构 第四节 核酸的理化性质 第五节 核酸酶(nucleases） 第六节 核酸的核苷酸序列测定

第一节 概述 第二节 脂溶性维生素 第三节 水溶性维生素

第一节 生物氧化的方式和特点 第二节 生物能及其存在形式 第三节 线粒体呼吸链和ATP合成 第四节 其它氧化体系