本章要点: >主电路设计考虑的主要因素 >我国主要干线机车主电路 >机车的牵引特性及制动特性 >概念“粘着”、”“空转”、“滑行”、“辆重补偿” >主电路保护的种类与原理 >机车辅助电路的结构与功能

医学细胞生物学是生命科学前沿学科之一，又是医学科学重要的基础学科。本课程从一般性描述、结构与功能和细胞整体生物学特征三个方面阐述细胞生物学基础知识和基本原理，具体内容包括：细胞的分子基础和基本特征、细胞的基本结构、物质运输、信号转导、能量转换、细胞运动、遗传信息流动、细胞增殖、细胞分化、衰老和死亡。 掌握： 内环境与稳态的概念及意义； 人体功能的调节机制及反馈控制系统的概念及意义。 熟悉： 生理学研究的三个水平；生理学的研究方法；基本特征

1.1 计算机应用与工程问题 1.2 工程问题的解决方式 1.3 计算机仿真和辅助设计的基本概念 1.4 仿真的分类 1.5 仿真技术的应用与发展 1.6 计算机仿真软件

16.31 Feedback Control State-Space Systems What are state-space models? Why should we use them? and how do we develop a state-space mode( &ased in classical control design How are they related to the transfer functions What are the basic properties of a state-space model, and how do we analyze these?

Goal: Design a controller K(s so that the system has some desired characteristics. Typical objectives Stabilize the system( Stabilization) Regulate the system about some design point(Regulation Follow a given class of command signals(Tracking) Reduce the response to disturbances(Disturbance Rejection Typically think of closed-loop control > so we would analyze the

课题一 水温控制系统设计 课题二 用8×8点阵显示器制作电子显示屏 课题三 电子万年历的设计与制作

Fall 2001 16.313-1 Introduction Root locus methods have Advantages k Good indicator if transient response k Explicity shows location of all closed-loop poles Trade-offs in the design are fairly clear Disadvantages k Requires a transfer function model(poles and zeros) k Difficult to infer all performance metrics k Hard to determine response to steady-state(sinusoids

Model Uncertain Prior analysis assumed a perfect model. What if the model is in correct= actual system dynamics GA(s)are in one of the sets Multiplicative model G,(s=GN(s(1+E(s)) Additive model Gp(S)=GN(S)+E(s) where

MG!∈R- ORDER5)sT6As RREL丹T(0sHP5 BETWEEN1MER6soN5毛 TAST∈P兵 ND THE POLE LOCAT(0NS心EK ALCULATE0 FoR A SECOND-ORDER SYSTEM GuES60工 NSIGHTS AcTuALLy Gooo APPRoXIMATIONS foR MAwy HIGHER- ORDER SYSTEMS BECAUSE THEIR

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