Infinitive and gerund finitive After an adiecti Example: The new computer is really easy to u After certain verbs(with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill afford expect manage efuse agree mean appear help(also off without to pl ould like g hesitate prepare would love choose would prefer decide le romise Gerund As the subiect of a clause Example: Cycling is good for your health After a preposition Example: I did my homework before going out. Verbs followed by gerund Example: I enjoy cooking can't stand finish practise de keep allow dislike mind aste time avol enjoy mIss money ·can' t help Verbs with Prepositions followed by gerund Example: I'm looking forward to seeing you again soon accuse of blame for dream about/of look forward te agree with care feel like object to apologize for carry on ogive for think of ask about plain about succeed believe in concentrate on Insist on use for be used te epend on keep on Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing-Form Words with the same meaning Example: I started to read. /I started reading ttempt cannot bear begin intend start · continue
Infinitive and Gerund Infinitive After an adjective Example: The new computer is really easy to use. After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill. • afford • agree • appear • arrange • beg • choose • decide • expect • fail • help (also without to) • hesitate • hope • learn • manage • mean • offer • plan • prepare • pretend • promise • refuse • want • wish • would like • would love • would prefer Gerund As the subject of a clause Example: Cycling is good for your health. After a preposition Example: I did my homework before going out. Verbs followed by Gerund Example: I enjoy cooking. • admit • advise • allow • avoid • can't help • can't stand • deny • dislike • enjoy • fancy • finish • keep • mind • miss • permit • practise • suggest • waste time / money Verbs with Prepositions followed by Gerund Example: I'm looking forward to seeing you again soon. • accuse of • agree with • apologize for • ask about • believe in • be used to • blame for • care for • carry on • complain about • concentrate on • depend on • dream about/of • feel like • forgive for • give up • insist on • keep on • look forward to • object to • think of • succeed in • use for Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing-Form Words with the same meaning Example: I started to read. / I started reading. • attempt • begin • bother • cannot bear • cease • continue • hate • intend • love • prefer • start
Words with the same meaning but different use Word Infinitive-with an object Gerund-without an object advis I advise you to go by I advise going by bus allow /permit He allowed her to take the car He allowed taking the car forbid She forbids us to smoke She forbids smoking Words with a different meaning Word Infinitive meaning Gerund meaning with regard to the future ith regard to the past forget/remember Remember to switch off the lights. Do you remember switching off the lights? Spanish:Recuerda apagar las luces Spanish: cRecuerdas haber apagado las luces? start something new continue with the same action go on Go on to read. Spanish Go on reading with regard to the future with regard to the past regret I regret to say that's wrong I regret saying that Spanish: Lamento decir que esta mal. Spanish: Lamento haber dicho que estd mal interrupt another action erminate op I stopped to smoke stopped smoking Spanish:Pare para fumar Spanish: Pare de fume do something complicated do it and see what happens Try to solve this riddle 卩 Try talking to him Spanish: Intenta resolver este acertijo. Spanish: Prueba a hablar con el. Gerund or Infinitive- Exercise 1 1)A lot of people are worried about their 6) Are you thinking of ondon?(visit) jobs. (lose) 7)He apologized for so late.(arrive 2) He agreed a new car (buy 8)Stop noise, please; I'm studying 4) Not everybody can afford t ans wer) (make) 9)She doesn't mind he night shift (work) 5)I look forward to you at the weekend. 10)I learned the bike at the age of 5. (ride) Gerund or Infinitive- Exercise 2 1)We decided a new car(buy) 2)I regret you we won't lend you the 7)Avoid silly mistakes (make) money(tell) 8)My parents wanted me 3)Peter gave up (smoke) o'clock 4)He'd like 9)I dream about a big house. (build) 5)I enjoy picture postcards (write) 10)He advised me o much money offere help with the cleaning (not spend Chelp)
Words with the same meaning but different use Word Infinitive - with an object Gerund – without an object advise I advise you to go by bus. I advise going by bus. allow / permit He allowed her to take the car. He allowed taking the car. forbid She forbids us to smoke. She forbids smoking. Words with a different meaning Word Infinitive meaning Gerund meaning forget / remember with regard to the future Remember to switch off the lights. Spanish: Recuerda apagar las luces with regard to the past Do you remember switching off the lights? Spanish: ¿Recuerdas haber apagado las luces? go on start something new Go on to read. Spanish: continue with the same action Go on reading. regret with regard to the future I regret to say that’s wrong. Spanish: Lamento decir que está mal. with regard to the past I regret saying that. Spanish: Lamento haber dicho que está mal. stop interrupt another action I stopped to smoke. Spanish: Paré para fumar. terminate I stopped smoking. Spanish: Paré de fumar. try do something complicated Try to solve this riddle. Spanish: Intenta resolver este acertijo. do it and see what happens Try talking to him. Spanish: Prueba a hablar con él. Gerund or Infinitive - Exercise 1 1) A lot of people are worried about _______their jobs. (lose) 2) He agreed _______ a new car. (buy) 3) The question is easy _______ (answer) 4) Not everybody can afford _______ to university. (go) 5) I look forward to _______ you at the weekend. (see) 6) Are you thinking of _______ London? (visit) 7) He apologized for _______ so late. (arrive) 8) Stop _______ noise, please; I’m studying. (make) 9) She doesn't mind _______ the night shift. (work) 10) I learned ______ the bike at the age of 5.(ride) Gerund or Infinitive - Exercise 2 1) We decided _______ a new car. (buy) 2) I regret _______ you we won’t lend you the money. (tell) 3) Peter gave up _______.(smoke) 4) He'd like _______ an aeroplane.(fly) 5) I enjoy _______ picture postcards. (write) 6) He offered _______ help with the cleaning. (help) 7) Avoid _______ silly mistakes.(make) 8) My parents wanted me _______ home at 11 o'clock. (be) 9) I dream about _______ a big house. (build) 10) He advised me _______ so much money. (not spend)
Gerund or infinitive Exercise 1 1 Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form 1 I can't stand in queues( to wait 2 I wouldnt like in his shoes. to be 3 Jim loves in Thailand. to work 4 I hate the shopping on Saturday. to do 5 Blast! I forgot milk( to buy 6 In the end we decided in. to stay 7 I need some information about Portugal. to find 8 My parents like for long walks at the weekend.( to go 9 Tony gave up years ago.( to smoke 10 I wanted and see Troy but no one else was interested to go 11 Mrs Leith offere us to the airport. to take 12 Clare refused clean up after the party. to help 13 tried him to come but it was no use.( to persuade 14 Do you mind not ? to smoke 15 Everybody really enjoyed the cha-cha-cha. to dance 16 Lionel admitted my chocolate mousse.( to eat 2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs VERB GERUND VERB To+ INFINITIVE Translation Translation admit decide forget enjoy efuse would like
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 1 1 Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form. 1 I can't stand ________________ in queues. ( to wait ) 2 I wouldn't like ________________ in his shoes. ( to be ) 3 Jim loves ________________ in Thailand. ( to work ) 4 I hate ________________ the shopping on Saturday. ( to do ) 5 Blast! I forgot ________________ milk. ( to buy ) 6 In the end we decided ________________ in. ( to stay ) 7 I need ________________ some information about Portugal. ( to find ) 8 My parents like ________________ for long walks at the weekend. ( to go ) 9 Tony gave up ________________ years ago. ( to smoke ) 10 I wanted ________________ and see Troy but no one else was interested. ( to go ) 11 Mrs Leith offered ________________ us to the airport. ( to take ) 12 Clare refused ________________ clean up after the party. ( to help ) 13 I tried ________________ him to come but it was no use. ( to persuade ) 14 Do you mind not ________________ ? ( to smoke ) 15 Everybody really enjoyed ________________ the cha-cha-cha. ( to dance ) 16 Lionel admitted ________________ my chocolate mousse. ( to eat ) 2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs. VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE Translation Translation admit .......................... decide .......................... ___________ .......................... forget .......................... enjoy .......................... ___________ .......................... give up .......................... offer .......................... ___________ .......................... refuse .......................... ___________ .......................... try .......................... love .......................... want .......................... ___________ .......................... would like
Gerund or infinitive Exercise 2 1 Use the verbs in brackets to fill the gaps 1 We arranged under the station clock at half nine. to meet lways try to avoid him whenever I can.( to see) 3 I long in Scotland again. to be 4 My Mum demanded he manager. to see 5 My brother denied my chocolate mousse. Maybe his hamster ate it. to eat 6 I tried but I just couldn't. to understand 7 In the end i gave up to persuade her. to try 8 Charlie was pretending a chicken. to be 9 They chose in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals. to stay) 10 We like Galicia so much that we keep back there. to go 11 He deserves severely punished. to be 12 When we visit my aunt, they expect me on my best behaviour. to be 13 I didn t mean her feelings. I'm really sorry. to hurt 14 my homework until the last possible moment. to do 15 He goes on me the same thing over and over again. to tell 16 can 't stand in the queue at the baker's. to wait 17 The firemen managed the fire pretty quickly. to put out 18 I never risk through that part of town. to go) 19 Clare offered me to the airport, which was very kind of her. to take 20 Dad threatened my pocket money if i didn't do my homework.( to stop 2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs VERB GERUND VERB to +INFINITIVE Trans/ation Translation 3 5
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 2 1 Use the verbs in brackets to fill the gaps. 1 We arranged _____________ under the station clock at half nine. ( to meet ) 2 I always try to avoid _____________ him whenever I can. ( to see ) 3 I long _____________ in Scotland again. ( to be ) 4 My Mum demanded _____________ the manager. ( to see ) 5 My brother denied _____________ my chocolate mousse. Maybe his hamster ate it. ( to eat ) 6 I tried _____________ but I just couldn't. ( to understand ) 7 In the end I gave up _____________ to persuade her. ( to try ) 8 Charlie was pretending _____________ a chicken. ( to be ) 9 They chose _____________ in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals. ( to stay) 10 We like Galicia so much that we keep _____________ back there. ( to go ) 11 He deserves _____________ severely punished. ( to be ) 12 When we visit my aunt, they expect me _____________ on my best behaviour. ( to be ) 13 I didn't mean _____________ her feelings. I'm really sorry. ( to hurt ) 14 I always put off _____________ my homework until the last possible moment. ( to do ) 15 He goes on _____________ me the same thing over and over again. ( to tell ) 16 I can't stand _____________ in the queue at the baker's. ( to wait ) 17 The firemen managed _____________ the fire pretty quickly. ( to put out ) 18 I never risk _____________ through that part of town. ( to go ) 19 Clare offered _____________ me to the airport, which was very kind of her. ( to take ) 20 Dad threatened _____________ my pocket money if I didn't do my homework. ( to stop ) 2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs. VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE Translation Translation 1 _____________ .......................... 1 _____________ .......................... 2 _____________ .......................... 2 _____________ .......................... 3 _____________ .......................... 3 _____________ .......................... 4 _____________ .......................... 4 _____________ .......................... 5 _____________ .......................... 5 _____________
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 1 answers 1 I can't stand waiting in queues. to wait 2 I wouldn' t like to be in his shoes. to be 3 Jim loves working in Thailand. to work 4 I hate doing the shopping on Saturday. to do 5 Blast! I forgot to buy milk.( to buy 6 In the end we decided to stay in.( to stay 7 I need to find some information about Portugal. to find 8 My parents like going for long walks at the weekend. to go 9 Tony gave up smoking years ago. to smoke 10 I wanted to go and see Troy but no one else was interested. to go 11 Mrs Leith offered to take us to the airport. to take 12 Clare refused to help clean up after the party.( to help 13 I tried to persuade him to come but it was no use. to persuade 14 Do you mind not smoking?( to smoke) 15 Everybody really enjoyed dancing the cha-cha-cha. to dance 16 Lionel admitted eating my chocolate mousse.( to eat VERB GERUND VERB+ to+ INFINITIVE Translation Translation can 't stand Ive u hate refuse would like
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 1 answers 1 I can't stand waiting in queues. ( to wait ) 2 I wouldn't like to be in his shoes. ( to be ) 3 Jim loves working in Thailand. ( to work ) 4 I hate doing the shopping on Saturday. ( to do ) 5 Blast! I forgot to buy milk. ( to buy ) 6 In the end we decided to stay in. ( to stay ) 7 I need to find some information about Portugal. ( to find ) 8 My parents like going for long walks at the weekend. ( to go ) 9 Tony gave up smoking years ago. ( to smoke ) 10 I wanted to go and see Troy but no one else was interested. ( to go ) 11 Mrs Leith offered to take us to the airport. ( to take ) 12 Clare refused to help clean up after the party. ( to help ) 13 I tried to persuade him to come but it was no use. ( to persuade ) 14 Do you mind not smoking ? ( to smoke ) 15 Everybody really enjoyed dancing the cha-cha-cha. ( to dance ) 16 Lionel admitted eating my chocolate mousse. ( to eat ) VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE Translation Translation admit .......................... decide .......................... can't stand .......................... forget .......................... enjoy .......................... need .......................... give up .......................... offer .......................... hate .......................... refuse .......................... like .......................... try .......................... love .......................... want .......................... mind .......................... would like
Gerund or infinitive exercise 2 answers 1 We arranged to meet under the station clock at half nine( to meet 2 I always try to avoid seeing him whenever I can.( to see) 3 I long to be in Scotland again. to be 4 My Mum demanded to see the manager. to see 5 My brother denied eating my chocolate mousse. Maybe his hamster ate it. to eat 6 I tried to understand but I just couldn,t. to understand 7 In the end I gave up trying to persuade her. to try) 8 Charlie was pretending to be a chicken. to be 9 They chose to stay in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals. to stay 10 We like Galicia so much that we keep going back there.( to go 11 He deserves to be severely punished to be 12 When we visit my aunt, they expect me to be on my best behaviour. to be 13 I didn't mean to hurt her feelings. I'm really sorry. to hurt 14 I always put off doing my homework until the last possible moment. to do 15 He goes on telling me the same thing over and over again. to tell 16 I can't stand waiting in the queue at the bakers. to wait 17 The firemen managed to put out the fire pretty quickly. to put out 18 I never risk going through that part of town to go 19 Clare offered to take me to the airport, which was very kind of her. to take 20 Dad threatened to stop my pocket money if I didn't do my homework.( to stop VERB GERUND VERB to + INFINITIVE Translation Translation avoid arrange choose deserve put off
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 2 answers 1 We arranged to meet under the station clock at half nine. ( to meet ) 2 I always try to avoid seeing him whenever I can. ( to see ) 3 I long to be in Scotland again. ( to be ) 4 My Mum demanded to see the manager. ( to see ) 5 My brother denied eating my chocolate mousse. Maybe his hamster ate it. ( to eat ) 6 I tried to understand but I just couldn't. ( to understand ) 7 In the end I gave up trying to persuade her. ( to try ) 8 Charlie was pretending to be a chicken. ( to be ) 9 They chose to stay in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals. ( to stay ) 10 We like Galicia so much that we keep going back there. ( to go ) 11 He deserves to be severely punished. ( to be ) 12 When we visit my aunt, they expect me to be on my best behaviour. ( to be ) 13 I didn't mean to hurt her feelings. I'm really sorry. ( to hurt ) 14 I always put off doing my homework until the last possible moment. ( to do ) 15 He goes on telling me the same thing over and over again. ( to tell ) 16 I can't stand waiting in the queue at the baker's. ( to wait ) 17 The firemen managed to put out the fire pretty quickly. ( to put out ) 18 I never risk going through that part of town. ( to go ) 19 Clare offered to take me to the airport, which was very kind of her. ( to take ) 20 Dad threatened to stop my pocket money if I didn't do my homework. ( to stop ) VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE Translation Translation avoid .......................... arrange .......................... deny .......................... choose .......................... give up .......................... deserve .......................... put off .......................... manage .......................... risk .......................... threaten