Scientific 1 Management
汇报人：XXX Scientific Management
1 Brief Introduction 目录 I I 2 Four Principles of Scientific Management 3 Summary 1 I
1 Brief Introduction 2 Four Principles of Scientific Management 3 Summary 目 录
Brief Introduction
Brief Introduction
Brief Introduction Management of Initiative and Incentive 管理是一直存在的，在泰勒提出科学管理之前，美国社会中通常使 用一种称之为积极性加激励”的管理制度。 Original text: The management of "Initiative and Incentive",in which those on management's side deliberately give a very large incentive to their workmen,and in return the workmen respond by working to the very best of their ability at all times in the interest of their employers. Free translation: 这种制度中管理者的职责就是如何刺激着工人多快好省地完成任务， 并且作为回报，工人可以从雇主那里得到升迁、提薪、改善工作 环境”等特殊激励
1 Brief Introduction 管理是一直存在的，在泰勒提出科学管理之前，美国社会中通常使 用一种称之为“积极性加激励”的管理制度。 Management of Initiative and Incentive Original text: The management of “Initiative and Incentive”, in which those on management’s side deliberately give a very large incentive to their workmen, and in return the workmen respond by working to the very best of their ability at all times in the interest of their employers. Free translation: 这种制度中管理者的职责就是如何刺激着工人多快好省地完成任务， 并且作为回报，工人可以从雇主那里得到“升迁、提薪、改善工作 环境”等特殊激励
Brief Introduction Advantages of Scientific Management 科学管理制度则可以做到完全、充分调动工人的“积极性”。 Original text: The initiative of the workmen-that is,their hard work,their good will,their ingenuity-is obtained practically with absolute regularity,while under even the best of the older type of management this initiative is only obtained spasmodically(断续性地)and somewhat irregulary.By far the greater gain under scientific management comes from the new,the very great,and the extraordinary burdens and duties which are voluntarily assumed by those on the management's side. Free translation: 老的管理方式特点是任何成就都必须依赖于工人积极性的调动”，泰勒认为该方式的 效果在现实运作中调动工人积极性的目标是不可能完全实现的，而科学管理制度则可以 做到完全、充分调动工人的积极性”，只是要求管理者和工人都需要承担各自的责任
1 Brief Introduction 科学管理制度则可以做到完全、充分调动工人的“积极性”。 Advantages of Scientific Management Original text: The initiative of the workmen—that is, their hard work, their good will, their ingenuity—is obtained practically with absolute regularity, while under even the best of the older type of management this initiative is only obtained spasmodically(断续性地) and somewhat irregulary. By far the greater gain under scientific management comes from the new, the very great, and the extraordinary burdens and duties which are voluntarily assumed by those on the management's side. Free translation: 老的管理方式特点是“任何成就都必须依赖于工人积极性的调动”，泰勒认为该方式的 效果在现实运作中调动工人积极性的目标是不可能完全实现的，而科学管理制度则可以 做到完全、充分调动工人的 “积极性 ”，只是要求管理者和工人都需要承担各自的责任
Brief Introduction Principles of Scientific Management 泰勒将管理者的新责任可以归纳为四个方面，并将这四点称为科学管理"的原则 Original text: These new burdens and new duties are so unusual and so great that they are to the men used to managing under the old school almost inconceivable. Free translation: 这些新的担当和责任是如此的艰巨并且非同寻常，对于那些习惯于运 用守旧派管理体系的人们来说是不可想象的
1 Brief Introduction 泰勒将管理者的新责任可以归纳为四个方面，并将这四点称为 “科学管理 ”的原则。 Principles of Scientific Management Original text: These new burdens and new duties are so unusual and so great that they are to the men used to managing under the old school almost inconceivable. Free translation: 这些新的担当和责任是如此的艰巨并且非同寻常，对于那些习惯于运 用守旧派管理体系的人们来说是不可想象的
Four Principles of Scientific Management
Four Principles of Scientific Management
Four Principles 1.Develop a scienceto replace the old rule-of-thumb knowledge 以科学”替代“经验”是四大原则之首。 Original text: The first of these four groups of duties taken over by the management is the deliberate gathering in on the part of those on the management's side of all of the great mass of traditional knowledge.The duty of gathering in all this great mass of traditional knowledge and then recording it,tabulating it ()and in many cases,finally reducing it to（归纳为)laws,rules,and even to mathematical formulae,is voluntarily assumed by the scientific managers.The first of these principles,then,may be called the development of a science to replace the old rule-of-thumb knowledge（经验法则). Translation: 1、提出工人操作的每一动作的科学方法，以代替过去单凭经验从事的方法，他经过长期的系列实验 和观察，拆解每个工人在每一个时间段内的每一个动作，开拓出对提高效率问题的动作研究和时间研 究领域，提高效率用数据为例证而非工人们的主观判断
2 Four Principles 以“科学”替代“经验”是四大原则之首。 1、Develop a science to replace the old rule-of-thumb knowledge Original text: The first of these four groups of duties taken over by the management is the deliberate gathering in on the part of those on the management’s side of all of the great mass of traditional knowledge.The duty of gathering in all this great mass of traditional knowledge and then recording it, tabulating it（制表），and in many cases, finally reducing it to（归纳为）laws, rules, and even to mathematical formulae, is voluntarily assumed by the scientific managers.The first of these principles, then, may be called the development of a science to replace the old rule-of-thumb knowledge（经验法则）. Translation: 1、提出工人操作的每一动作的科学方法，以代替过去单凭经验从事的方法，他经过长期的系列实验 和观察，拆解每个工人在每一个时间段内的每一个动作，开拓出对提高效率问题的动作研究和时间研 究领域，提高效率用数据为例证而非工人们的主观判断
Four Principles 2.ScientificSelection and Progressive Development of the Workmen 选择第一流的工人”。 Original text: It becomes the duty of those on the management's side to deliberately study the character,the nature, and the performance of each workman.finding out his limitations.his possibilities for development(more important).as deliberately and as systematically to train,help,and teach his workman.finally enable him to do the highest and most interesting and most profitable class of work for which his natural abilities fit him. Translation: 2、科学地挑选工人，并进行培训和教育，使之成长成才，而不是像过去那样由工人选择各自的 工作。当然，泰勒认为要科学挑选工人也并不是要挑选一些特殊的人，而只是从非常普通的人 群中挑选少数特别适合从事这类工作的人，问题的重点是要对工人进行科学选择并培训
2 Four Principles 选择“第一流的工人”。 Original text: It becomes the duty of those on the management’s side to deliberately study the character, the nature, and the performance of each workman.finding out his limitations.his possibilities for development(more important).as deliberately and as systematically to train, help, and teach his workman.finally enable him to do the highest and most interesting and most profitable class of work for which his natural abilities fit him. Translation: 2、科学地挑选工人，并进行培训和教育，使之成长成才，而不是像过去那样由工人选择各自的 工作。当然，泰勒认为要科学挑选工人也并不是要挑选一些特殊的人，而只是从非常普通的人 群中挑选少数特别适合从事这类工作的人，问题的重点是要对工人进行科学选择并培训。 2、Scientific Selection and Progressive Development of the Workmen
Four Principles 3.Bringing the Science and the Workman Together 管理者与工人密切合作 Original text: The third of the principles.is the bringing of the science and the scientifically selected and trained workmen together.This word "bringing"has rather forceful sound;and,in a way,when it is first heard it puts one out of touch with what we have come to look upon as the modern tendency.So that the word "bringing"applies much more forcefully to those on the management's side than to those on the workman's side. Translation: 3、管理者与工人密切合作，以确保所有工作都按照所指定的科学原则行事，争取 做到让工人将其主管和指导老师看成是帮助他们挣更多工资的朋友，而非强迫他们 做苦工的工头和强迫他们超负荷劳动却只给一般工资的人，这有助于避免罢工。同 时，合作的责任主要在于管理方
2 Four Principles 管理者与工人密切合作 Original text: The third of the principles.is the bringing of the science and the scientifically selected and trained workmen together.This word “bringing” has rather forceful sound; and, in a way, when it is first heard it puts one out of touch with what we have come to look upon as the modern tendency.So that the word “bringing” applies much more forcefully to those on the management’s side than to those on the workman’s side. Translation: 3、管理者与工人密切合作，以确保所有工作都按照所指定的科学原则行事，争取 做到让工人将其主管和指导老师看成是帮助他们挣更多工资的朋友，而非强迫他们 做苦工的工头和强迫他们超负荷劳动却只给一般工资的人，这有助于避免罢工。同 时，合作的责任主要在于管理方。 3、Bringing the Science and the Workman Together