College English Achievement Test No.4 (Unit 7&8/Book 1) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to riteA Letter Applying for a Bank Loan You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1.你的基本情况 2.你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途 3.你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算 Part 2 Reading comprehension(skimming and scanning (15minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 mark Y(for YES)ifthe statement agree with the information given in the passage NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage. For questions8-10.complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Landfills yo aneaten food food hink about that wast again.On trash pickup day in your neighborhood,you push your can out to the curb,and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away.You don't have to think about that waste again. either.But maybe you have wondered.as you watch the trash truck pull away.just where that garbage ends up. Ame rate of four pounds per day translates to 600.000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year!This is almost twice as much trash per person as most other major countries.What happens to this trash?Some gets reeyled( )or recovered and some is burned,but the majority is buried in landfills. How Much Trash Is Generated? Ofthe tons of rash,so waste.generated in the United Statesannually,about 56 mi n tons,r27 percent is either recycled (glass,paper products,plastic,metals)orcomposted (做成堆肥)(yard waste)).The remaining trash,.which is mostly unrecyclable,.is discarded How Is Trash Disposed of?The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960.This trash is handled in various ways.About 27 percent of the trash is recvcled or composted 16 per et is buried in landfills The amount ofash buried niddle of the majo countries(United Kingdom,Canada,Germany,France and Japan)in landfill disposal.The United Kingdom ranks highest,burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills. What Is a Landfill? There are two ways to bury trash
College English Achievement Test No.4 (Unit 7&8/ Book 1) Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1． 你的基本情况 2． 你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途 3． 你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算 Part 2 Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning )(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1 . For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Landfills You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don't think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don't have to think about that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up. Americans generate trash at an astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person, which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almost twice as much trash per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled ( 回收 利用 ) or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills. How Much Trash Is Generated? Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United States annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled (glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted (做成堆肥) (yard waste). The remaining trash, which is mostly unrecyclable, is discarded. How Is Trash Disposed of? The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960. This trash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried in landfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries (United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills. What Is a Landfill? There are two ways to bury trash:
Dump-an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats. mice,birds).(This is most people'sidea) Landfillcarefully designed structure bult top of the ground nwhichras is from the surrounding environment (groundwater,air,rain).This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil. oSanitary landfill-landfill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment o Municipal soid waste(MSW)landfll-andfill that uses a synthetic(plastic)liner toisolate the The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isolated from groundwater,will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air.Under these conditions,trash will not decompose much.A landfill is not like a compost pile,where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly. t the optr have tomake retat the llow ctin es In mos parts of the world,there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate.The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill. In the United States,taking care of trash and building landfills are local government ntal impact emgw8 ritycn bnevi四 osed site to determine the area of land necessary for the landfill the composition of the underlying soil and bedrock the flow of surface water over the site the impact of the proposed andfill on the of the proposed site Building the Landfl Once the environmental impact study is complete.the permits are granted and the funds have been raised,then construction begins.First,access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist.These roads will be used by construction equipment,sanitation (services nd the g eneral public.After roads have been built,digging n begin.In the North Wake County ow the road surface What Happens to Trash in a Landfill? Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time Inside a landfill,there is little oxygen and little moisture.Under these conditions,trash does not break down very rapidly.In fact when old landfills have been dug up or sampled,40-year-old newspapers have been found with easily igned to break down tras merely to bu y it.When a landfill closes,the site.especially the groundwater,must be monitored and maintained for up to30 years How Is a Landfill Operated? A landfill,such as the North Wake County Landfill,must be open and available every day Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies,although residents may also use the landfill Near the entrance of the landfill is a recyeling center where residents can drop off reeyelable materials(aluminum cans,glass bottles,newspapers and paper products).This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill.Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled
· Dump – an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!) · Landfill – carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil. o Sanitary landfill – landfill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment o Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill – landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment. The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose (腐烂) much. A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly. Proposing the Landfill For a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill. In the United States, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environmental impact study must be done on the proposed site to determine: · the area of land necessary for the landfill · the composition of the underlying soil and bedrock · the flow of surface water over the site · the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlife · the historical value of the proposed site Building the Landfill Once the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. First, access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist. These roads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation (环卫) services and the general public. After roads have been built, digging can begin. In the North Wake County Landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface. What Happens to Trash in a Landfill? Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug up or sampled, 40-year-old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years! How Is a Landfill Operated? A landfill, such as the North Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill. Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled
As customers enter the site.their trucks are weighed at the scale bouse.Customers are charged to pay for operation costs.The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million,and part of that comes from tipping fees. Along the site,there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill.A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires.motor oil.lead-acid batteries.Some of these materials can be recycled In addition there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paint pesticides,other chemicals)that are banned from the landfill.These chemicals are disposed of by private companies.Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or nower plants Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the pond and methane ()station Landfills are complicated structures that,when properly designed and managed,serve an important purpose.In the future,new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane. Part 3 Listening comprehension (35 minutes) ion A 10 short conversation 1.A.He feels unsympathetic. B.He feels it's a pity. C.He feels it's unfair D.He feels glad 2.A.Doing business. B Taking pictures c Buving cameras d making movies 3.A.He has little chance to play football. B.He often cuts classes toplay football. C.He'slooking for somebody 4.A.Go to the lab for a quick look B.Cheek on what's for dinner. C.Have a run before they eat. D.Go and see if they have dropped anything in the lab. 5.A.He can't find his new apartment. B.He had a bigger apartment before. C.He finds the new apartment too big for him.D.He's shaving a hard time finding an B.The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time C.The man is eager to know the woman's answer. D.The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry 7 A To run into each other B.To get bargains C.To avoid the erowds.D.To join the crowds 8.A.Enjoyable. B.Inspiring. C.Moving.D.Dull. 9.A.It will take about one month to repair the watch B.The woman should have saved more monev C.Itisa good idea to keep the od watch. D.The watch is no longer worth repairing 10.A.Argu B.Protesting C.Complaining.D.Bargaining Section B3 short passages Passage One 11.A.Love.B.Conflict.C.Violence. D.Mystery 12.A.The main character remains the same B.The main character dies in the end
As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million, and part of that comes from tipping fees. Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled. In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants. Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station. Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane. Part 3 Listening comprehension (35 minutes) Section A 10 short conversation 1. A. He feels unsympathetic. B. He feels it’s a pity. C. He feels it’s unfair. D. He feels glad. 2. A. Doing business. B. Taking pictures. C. Buying cameras. D. Making movies. 3. A. He has little chance to play football. B. He often cuts classes to play football. C. He’s looking for somebody to play the game with. D. He loves playing football very much. 4. A. Go to the lab for a quick look. B. Cheek on what’s for dinner. C. Have a run before they eat. D. Go and see if they have dropped anything in the lab. 5. A. He can’t find his new apartment. B. He had a bigger apartment before. C. He finds the new apartment too big for him. D. He’s having a hard time finding an apartment. 6. A. The man thinks the woman is wasting her time. B. The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time. C. The man is eager to know the woman’s answer. D. The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry. 7. A. To run into each other. B. To get bargains. C. To avoid the crowds. D. To join the crowds. 8. A. Enjoyable. B. Inspiring. C. Moving. D. Dull. 9. A. It will take about one month to repair the watch. B. The woman should have saved more money. C. It is a good idea to keep the old watch. D. The watch is no longer worth repairing. 10. A. Arguing. B. Protesting. C. Complaining. D. Bargaining. Section B 3 short passages Passage One 11. A. Love. B. Conflict. C. Violence. D. Mystery. 12. A. The main character remains the same. B. The main character dies in the end
C.The main character gains his ends. D.The main character undergoes a change 13.A.We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves C.We can understand life a little bette D.We can find better ways to cope with conflicts Passage Two 14.A.Because of their love for hobbies and pastimes.B.Because of their enthusiasm for sports. C.Because of their fear of heart attacks D.Because of their strong desire for good 15.A.It was decreasing.B.It was increasing. C.It remained almost unchanged.D.It was going up slowly. 16.A.Those who have heart attacks B.Those who have the desire to be physically fit. C.Those who have spare time D.Those who have inactive jobs sage Three 17.A).Because the bottle was empty and useless. B).Because he wanted to lighten the load of his small plane. C).Because the bottle might be useful to the native Africans D).Because he wanted to 18.A.Amessae from the outside wor A symbol of misfortune C.A warning from the gods. D.Agift from the gods. 19.A.The local Africans are peace-loving people. B.Soda bottles are very precious in some remote areas. C.Atrivial thing m may sometimes bring about undesirable consquences D Ca atiol g new tec nology 20.A.They thought that the gods wereall crazy. B.They were isolated from the outside world C.They enjoyed living in the peaceful desert. D.They worshipped the gods all the more after the incident. Section C(Compound Dictation) Banking began thousands of years ago in very early (S1) The first bankers were money-changers.They took foreign money from (S2) and gave them local coins They carried the money in special boxes called strong boxes to protect it from (S3) Later,people brought their money to money-changers for protection.Finally,money-changers (S4) money to people and (S5) them interest. The early Italian bankers worked (S6) on the street They used a bench for their place of business In fact,the modrn wo "bank"comes from an Itaian word meaning bench.By the16h banks were (S7) everywhere Europe (S8) In the next century,British bankers were the first people to make paper money (S9) After a while,everyone accepted bank notes bank in the United States opened in Philadelphia in 1792 (S10)
C. The main character gains his ends. D. The main character undergoes a change. 13. A. We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves. B. We can learn how to deal with people. C. We can understand life a little better. D. We can find better ways to cope with conflicts. Passage Two 14. A. Because of their love for hobbies and pastimes. B. Because of their enthusiasm for sports. C. Because of their fear of heart attacks. D. Because of their strong desire for good health. 15. A. It was decreasing. B. It was increasing. C. It remained almost unchanged. D. It was going up slowly. 16. A. Those who have heart attacks. B. Those who have the desire to be physically fit. C. Those who have spare time. D. Those who have inactive jobs. Passage Three 17. A).Because the bottle was empty and useless. B). Because he wanted to lighten the load of his small plane. C).Because the bottle might be useful to the native Africans. D). Because he wanted to amuse the local tribes people. 18. A. A message from the outside world. B. A symbol of misfortune. C. A warning from the gods. D. A gift from the gods. 19. A. The local Africans are peace-loving people. B. Soda bottles are very precious in some remote areas. C. A trivial thing may sometimes bring about undesirable consequences. D. Caution must be taken in introducing new technology. 20. A. They thought that the gods were all crazy. B. They were isolated from the outside world. C. They enjoyed living in the peaceful desert. D. They worshipped the gods all the more after the incident. Section C (Compound Dictation) Banking began thousands of years ago in very early (S1)______. The first bankers were money-changers. They took foreign money from (S2)_____ and gave them local coins. They carried the money in special boxes called strong boxes to protect it from (S3)_____. Later, people brought their money to money-changers for protection. Finally, money-changers (S4)_____ money to people and (S5)______ them interest. The early Italian bankers worked (S6)_______ on the street. They used a bench for their place of business. In fact, the modern word “bank” comes from an Italian word meaning bench. By the 16th banks were (S7)______ everywhere in Europe. (S8)________________________________________________. In the next century, British bankers were the first people to make paper money. (S9)_______________________________________. After a while, everyone accepted bank notes as money. The first successful bank in the United States opened in Philadelphia in 1792. (S10)__________________________________________________________________________ _____
Part4 Reading(Reading in depth 25 minutes) by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A)B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions to15are based on the following passae The predictability of morality rates issmething that has social scientis After all,there is no natural reason why 2.500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7.000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars.No one establishes a quota for each type of death.It just happens that they follow aconsistent pattern year after year. A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this h enomenon.He noticed that mo tality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained oddly static throughout the whole of the century,despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time.Wilde developed an intriguing theory called"risk homeostasis".According to this theory,people Fae5g34川e3 up IILM S中pue Jates1ea1MA3印Sq1se3m01”。 e me ay t the original If,for n recklessly,thereby statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers.Other studies have shown that where an intersection is made safer,the accident rate invariably falls there but rises to a compensating level elsewhere along the same stretch of road.It appears,then,that we have an inate ed for danger Inall events,it is bcoming erer to that the factors lifespan are far more subtle and complex than had been previously thought.It now appears that if you wish to live a long life,it isn't simply a matter of adhering to certain precautions...eating the right foods.not smoking driving with care.You must also have the right attitude Scientists at the Du University Medical Center made -year uy pers onalities and found attotheir sur that peop le with a suspic mist more ofn than people with a sunny disposition.Lookingon the bright side.it seems.cn add years to your life span. 21.What social scientists have long felt puzzled about is why A)the mortality rte cannot be predicted C)a quota for each type of death has not come into being D)people lost their lives every year for this or that reason 22.In his research,Gerald Wilde finds that technological advances and increases in safety standards A)have helped solve the problem of so high death rate B)have oddly accounted for mortality rates in the past century C)have reduced mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths D)have achieved no effect in bringing down the number of deaths
Part 4 Reading comprehension (Reading in depth )(25 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. The predictability of our mortality rates is something that has long puzzled social scientists. After all, there is no natural reason why 2,500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7,000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars. No one establishes a quota for each type of death. It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year. A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this phenomenon. He noticed that mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained oddly static throughout the whole of the century, despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time. Wilde developed an intriguing theory called “risk homeostasis”. According to this theory, people instinctively live with a certain level of risk. When something is made safer, people will get around the measure in some way to reassert the original level of danger. If, for instance, they are required to wear seat belts, they will feel safer and thus will drive a little faster and a little more recklessly, thereby statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers. Other studies have shown that where an intersection is made safer, the accident rate invariably falls there but rises to a compensating level elsewhere along the same stretch of road. It appears, then, that we have an innate need for danger. In all events, it is becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the factors influencing our lifespan are far more subtle and complex than had been previously thought. It now appears that if you wish to live a long life, it isn’t simply a matter of adhering to certain precautions … eating the right foods, not smoking, driving with care. You must also have the right attitude. Scientists at the Duke University Medical Center made a 15-year study of 500 persons personalities and found, somewhat to their surprise, that people with a suspicious or mistrustful nature die prematurely far more often than people with a sunny disposition. Looking on the bright side, it seems, can add years to your life span. 21. What social scientists have long felt puzzled about is why . A) the mortality rate can not be predicted B) the death toll remained stable year after year C) a quota for each type of death has not come into being D) people lost their lives every year for this or that reason 22. In his research, Gerald Wilde finds that technological advances and increases in safety standards . A) have helped solve the problem of so high death rate B) have oddly accounted for mortality rates in the past century C) have reduced mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths D) have achieved no effect in bringing down the number of deaths
.ording to the theory from A)forris B)our fast and reckless driving C)our ignorance of seat belt benefits D)our instinctive interest in speeding 24.By saying"statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers"(Para.2).the author means A)wearing seat belts does not have any benefits from the statistic point of view B)deaths from wearing seat belts are the same as those from not wearing them C)deaths from other reasons counterbalance the benefits of wearing seat belts D)wearing seat belts does not necessarily reduce deaths from traffic accidents 25.Which of the following may contribute to a longer life span? A)Showing adequate trust instead of suspicion of others B)Eating the food low in fat and driving with great care Cuvtin8ninr心of Passage Two Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage In California the regulators,the utilities and the governor all want the Federal Energy gulatory Commss to cap pot ()market prices The Californians claim it will reinn shave refus tle is Governor Gray Davis says,"I'm not happy with the Federal Regulatory Commission at all They're living in an ivory tower.If their bills were going up like the people in San Diego.they would know that this is a real problem in the real world." As part of deregulation,price caps were removed to allow for a free market.Timing is everything:natural gas s prices had already skyrocketed.Demand was high from Califo 0 oming omy.No new power plants had been built here inten years and power producers had the right to hike prices along with demand.And hike them they did. Loretta lynch of the Public Utilities Commission savs."This commission and all of California was beating down the door of federal regulators to say'help us impose reasonable price caps to help to keep our market stable. Federal regul rdid ask for between power producers and the to stabilize prices.The federal commission,unavailable for comment on this story,released a recent statement defending its position not to re-regulate Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Dec.15.2000:"The commission s intention is to enable the markets to catch up supply and demand problems and not to reintroduce on that hash Some energy experts believe that,without temporary price caps,the crisis will continue Severin Borenstein of the U.C.Energy Institute says,"Some federal regulators have a blind commitment to making the market work and I think part of the problem is they really don t understand what s going on
23. According to the theory of “risk homeostasis”, some traffic accidents result from . A) our innate desire for risk B) our fast and reckless driving C) our ignorance of seat belt benefits D) our instinctive interest in speeding 24. By saying “…statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers” (Para. 2),the author means . A) wearing seat belts does not have any benefits from the statistic point of view B) deaths from wearing seat belts are the same as those from not wearing them C) deaths from other reasons counterbalance the benefits of wearing seat belts D) wearing seat belts does not necessarily reduce deaths from traffic accidents 25. Which of the following may contribute to a longer life span? A) Showing adequate trust instead of suspicion of others B) Eating the food low in fat and driving with great care C) Cultivating an optimistic personality and never losing heart D) Looking on the bright side and developing a balanced level of risk Passage Two Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. In California the regulators, the utilities and the governor all want the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to cap spot (现货的) market prices. The Californians claim it will rein in outrageous prices. Federal regulators have refused. The battle is on. Governor Gray Davis says,“I’m not happy with the Federal Regulatory Commission at all. They’re living in an ivory tower. If their bills were going up like the people in San Diego, they would know that this is a real problem in the real world.” As part of deregulation, price caps were removed to allow for a free market. Timing is everything; natural gas prices had already skyrocketed. Demand was high from California’s booming economy. No new power plants had been built here in ten years, and power producers had the right to hike prices along with demand. And hike them they did. Loretta Lynch of the Public Utilities Commission says,” This commission and all of California was beating down the door of federal regulators to say‘help us impose reasonable price caps to help to keep our market stable.” Federal regulators did ask for longer-term contracts between power producers and the utilities to stabilize prices. The federal commission, unavailable for comment on this story, released a recent statement defending its position not to re-regulate. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Dec. 15,2000: “The commission s intention is to enable the markets to catch up to current supply and demand problems and not to reintroduce command and control regulation that has helped to produce the current crisis.” Some energy experts believe that, without temporary price caps, the crisis will continue. Severin Borenstein of the U.C. Energy Institute says,“Some federal regulators have a blind commitment to making the market work and I think part of the problem is they really don t understand what s going on
Gary ackerman of the western Power Trading Forum savs"He's dead wrong about that.The federal reguators understand far better than any individual state that,though it might be painfu and it certainly is painful in California,price caps don't work.They never work. 26.The battle between Californians and federal regulators is about. A)control over the price of power B)necessity of removing price caps C)hiking the energy prices in California D)a regulation concerning power supply 27.Governor Gray Davis was dissatisfied with the Federal Regulatory Commission because A)they did not know what the real problem was B)they were living an easy life in an ivory tower C)they could not experience the life in San Dieg D)they 28.The Federal Commission uncapped the energy price with the intention to A)help California's economy booming steadilv B)prevent power price from going up any further C)enable the market todeal with supply and demand problems D)have producers and the A)imposed reasonable price caps b)beat down the door of federal regulators C)urged the federal authorities to take action D A)the present situation in California will continue unless there is price control B)the current crisis is partly attributed to previous command and control policy C)price caps can temporarily solve energy problems an individual state meets with D)they do understand what is and will take proper measures Passage Questions21 to5 are based on the following passage. Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about space.Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body.When someone comes too close.he feels uncomfortable.When he bumps onto someone,he feels obligated to ze Bu size of a perso n's “comfort zone"d on his cultura ethnic origin.For example,in cas al conversation,many Americans star nd about t four feet apart. other words,they like to keep each other"at arm s length".people in Latin or Arab cultures,in contrast,stand very close to each other,and touch each other often.If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation.the American may feel uncomfortable and back away When Americans are talking.they expect others to respond to what they are saying To Americans,polite conversationalists empathize by displaying expressions of excitement or disgust. shock or sadness.People with a"poker face".whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan expression are looked upon with suspicion.Americans also indicate their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows,nodding.smiling politely and maintaining good eye contact.Whereas
Gary Ackerman of the Western Power Trading Forum says,“He’s dead wrong about that. The federal regulators understand far better than any individual state that, though it might be painful and it certainly is painful in California, price caps don’t work. They never work.” 26. The battle between Californians and federal regulators is about . A) control over the price of power B) necessity of removing price caps C) hiking the energy prices in California D) a regulation concerning power supply 27. Governor Gray Davis was dissatisfied with the Federal Regulatory Commission because . A) they did not know what the real problem was B) they were living an easy life in an ivory tower C) they could not experience the life in San Diego D) they turned a blind eye to the situation in California 28. The Federal Commission uncapped the energy price with the intention to . A) help California’s economy booming steadily B) prevent power price from going up any further C) enable the market to deal with supply and demand problems D) have contracts signed between power producers and the utilities 29. To help keep prices from going higher, people and groups in California . A) imposed reasonable price caps B) beat down the door of federal regulators C) urged the federal authorities to take action D) struggled against federal policy to hike prices 30. Energy experts against price caps believe that . A) the present situation in California will continue unless there is price control B) the current crisis is partly attributed to previous command and control policy C) price caps can temporarily solve energy problems an individual state meets with D) they do understand what is going on in California and will take proper measures Passage Three Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about: space. Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body. When someone comes too close, he feels uncomfortable. When he bumps onto someone, he feels obligated to apologize. But the size of a person’s “comfort zone” depends on his cultural ethnic origin. For example, in casual conversation, many Americans stand about four feet apart. In other words, they like to keep each other “at arm s length”,people in Latin or Arab cultures, in contrast, stand very close to each other, and touch each other often. If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation, the American may feel uncomfortable and back away. When Americans are talking, they expect others to respond to what they are saying. To Americans, polite conversationalists empathize by displaying expressions of excitement or disgust, shock or sadness. People with a “poker face”, whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan expression, are looked upon with suspicion. Americans also indicate their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows, nodding, smiling politely and maintaining good eye contact. Whereas
some cultures view direct eve contact as impolite or threatening.Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.If a person doesn't look you in the eye.American might say you should question his motiv me that he de'you he coe Americans still consider staring- especially at strangers-to be rude 31.What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about A)classification of nonverbal communication B)the reasons why people should think about space C)the relati D)some other cultural aspects of nonverbal communication 32.How far people keep to each other while talking is closely associated with their A)origin B)culture C)custom D)nationality 33.When an Italian talks to an Arabian on informal occasions A)he stands about four fect awa B)“comfortone”doesnot exis C)keeping close enough is preferred D)communication barriers may emerge 34.A"poker face"(Line 3.Para.2)refers to a face which is ns regard it as sincere and truthful to A)maintain direct eye contact B)hide emotions with a deadpan expression C)display excitement or disgust,shock or sadness D)raise their eyebrows.nod and smile politely ssage Four Questions26to30 are based on the following passage We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but,because it is inherited.there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended),tribal group and evenan entire population.Molecular Genealogy ()canuse ovided by the g etic markers to link pe ople together into family tre Pedigrees (based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees wher information is incomplete or missing due to adoption,illegitimacy or lack of records.There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place The objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100.000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world.These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample.Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up.it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional any individual will someday be able to trace hiso her family originsthroug this databa In the meantime,as the database is being created,molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals."For example,if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related,but no written record proves this relationship,we can
some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. If a person doesn’t look you in the eye, American might say, you should question his motives—or assume that he doesn’t like you. Yet with all the concern for eye contact, Americans still consider staring—especially at strangers—to be rude. 31. What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about . A) classification of nonverbal communication B) the reasons why people should think about space C) the relationship between communication and space D) some other cultural aspects of nonverbal communication 32. How far people keep to each other while talking is closely associated with their . A) origin B) culture C) custom D) nationality 33. When an Italian talks to an Arabian on informal occasions,. A) he stands about four feet away B) “comfort zone” does not exist C) keeping close enough is preferred D) communication barriers may emerge 34. A “poker face” (Line 3,Para. 2) refers to a face which is . A) attentive B) emotional C) suspicious D) expressionless 35. In a conversation between friends, Americans regard it as sincere and truthful to . A) maintain direct eye contact B) hide emotions with a deadpan expression C) display excitement or disgust, shock or sadness D) raise their eyebrows,nod and smile politely Passage Four Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy (宗谱学) can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees (家谱) based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place. The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world. These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample. Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database. In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. “For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship, we can
verify this possibility by collecting a sample of dna from both and looking for common markers (in this cse we can look primaiy at the Ychromosome ()Preg, member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research tean 36.People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because A)DNA is characteristic of a region B)they are bevond doubt of common ancestry C)DNAsrand has the ability to identify individual D)their unique identification can be provided via DNA 37.The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that A)genetics has achieved a breakthrough B)genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed now C)each individual a unique record of who he is and how he is related to others 38.The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of A)offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problems B)solving many issues without relying on traditional written records C)providing apedigree chart of at least four generations in the world the ion that same origir 3.Iw men ed for me ren they have es A)we can decide according to their family tree B)we can find the truth from their genetic markers C)we can compare the differences in their Y chromosome D)we can look for itenrecordsto A)We area walking,living.breathing record of our ancestors B)Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were C)An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity D)Molecular genealogy can be used to p ove a relationship between individuals Part 5 Cloze(15 minutes) Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A).B).C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the comresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line throush A food bank is the center of food and distribution in a community.This food usually 41 from grocery stores or manufacturers that have thousands of pounds of food to give 42 Food banks operate intricate and advanced warehousing operations 43 food is collected,44 and re-distributed to the community.Traditionally,a food bank does not distribute food 45 to those in 46 47 food banks serve an 48 nety ork of organizations in their 49 communities.These sserve one par of the 50 and know the eeds of the people there.51,workin together,the food bank and the community organization can serve a greater 52 of people in the most efficient way. Many food banks provide 53 services.Thev54 from after school feeding programs.55 Kids Cafe to community agriculture projects
verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome (染色体)),” explains Ugo A. Perego, a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team. 36. People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because . A) DNA is characteristic of a region B) they are beyond doubt of common ancestry C) DNA strand has the ability to identify individuals D) their unique identification can be provided via DNA 37. The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that . A) genetics has achieved a breakthrough B) genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed now C) each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to others D) we can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family, a group or a population 38. The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of . A) offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problems B) solving many issues without relying on traditional written records C) providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the world D) confirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin 39. If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor, . A) we can decide according to their family tree B) we can find the truth from their genetic markers C) we can compare the differences in their Y chromosome D) we can look for written records to prove their relationship 40. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage? A) We are a walking,living,breathing record of our ancestors B) Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were. C) An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity. D) Molecular genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals Part 5 Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the centre. A food bank is the center of food collection and distribution in a community. This food usually 41 from grocery stores or manufacturers that have thousands of pounds of food to give 42 . Food banks operate intricate and advanced warehousing operations 43 food is collected, 44 and re-distributed to the community. Traditionally, a food bank does not distribute food 45 to those in 46 . 47 ,food banks serve an 48 network of organizations in their 49 communities. These organizations serve one part of the 50 and know the needs of the people there. 51 ,working together, the food bank and the community organization can serve a greater 52 of people in the most efficient way. Many food banks provide 53 services. They54 from after school feeding programs, 55 Kids Cafe,to community agriculture projects
In the aftermath(其后的一段时期)of welfare reform food banks throughout the country are raising private 56 to operate innovative programs and to 57 those who are hungry.Every food bank strives to be a hunger advocate,producing 58 studies and tracking statistics,while lending their hands-on expertise to get legislation passed and ensuring that the 59 of domestic hunger is not lost in the shad ofan“60boom 41.A)results B)collectsC)comes D)gathers 42.A)away B)out C)over D)off 43.A)which B)where C)what D)how 44.A)accepted B)offered C)processed D)sorted 45.A)instantly B)directly C)voluntarily D)readily 46 a)need b)haste c)debt d)order 47.A)However B)Otherwise C)Instead D)Certainly 48.A)abnormal B)optional C)imaginary D)extensive 49.A)individual B)respective C)special D)widespread 50.A)organization B)bank C)operation D)community 51.A)Therefore B)Nevertheless C)Still D)Conversely 52.A)amount B)deal C)number D)quantity 53.A)regular B)other C)daily D)depositing 54.A)change B)alter C)differ D)range 55.A)including B)providingC)managing D)distributing 56.A)demands B)properties C)funds D)plans 57.A)shelter B)feed C)clothe D)finance 58.A)poverty B)welfare C)hunger D)food 59.A)issue B)policy C)reform D)project 60.A)economical B)economics C)economy D)economic Part 6 Translation(5 minutes) Directions In this part there are.You should translate Be sure to write clearly 61.使我感到惊奇的是，他的英语说得如此的好。 62.开会的时间到了，咱们把收音机关了吧。 63.尽管有许多困难，我们仍然决心执行我们的计划 64.我们居住的地。 65.我们要向经验丰富的刘先生学习
In the aftermath (其后的一段时期) of welfare reform, food banks throughout the country are raising private 56 to operate innovative programs and to 57 those who are hungry. Every food bank strives to be a hunger advocate,producing 58 studies and tracking statistics, while lending their hands-on expertise to get legislation passed and ensuring that the 59 of domestic hunger is not lost in the shadow of an “60 boom”. 41. A) results B) collects C) comes D) gathers 42. A) away B) out C) over D) off 43. A) which B) where C) what D) how 44. A) accepted B) offered C) processed D) sorted 45. A) instantly B) directly C) voluntarily D) readily 46. A) need B) haste C) debt D) order 47. A) However B) Otherwise C) Instead D) Certainly 48. A) abnormal B) optional C) imaginary D) extensive 49. A) individual B) respective C) special D) widespread 50. A) organization B) bank C) operation D) community 51. A) Therefore B) Nevertheless C) Still D) Conversely 52. A) amount B) deal C) number D) quantity 53. A) regular B) other C) daily D) depositing 54. A) change B) alter C) differ D) range 55. A) including B) providing C) managing D) distributing 56. A) demands B) properties C) funds D) plans 57. A) shelter B) feed C) clothe D) finance 58. A) poverty B) welfare C) hunger D) food 59. A) issue B) policy C) reform D) project 60. A) economical B) economics C) economy D) economic Part 6 Translation (5 minutes) Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly. 61．使我感到惊奇的是，他的英语说得如此的好。 62．开会的时间到了，咱们把收音机关了吧。 63．尽管有许多困难，我们仍然决心执行我们的计划。 64．我们居住的地。 65. 我们要向经验丰富的刘先生学习