国家开放大学：2015年春季学期“开放本科”商务英语专业高级英语阅读（2）期末试题（7月）

试卷代号：1354 国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2015年春季学期“开放本科”期末考试 高级英语阅读(2)试题 2015年7月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定 栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不 得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案 一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of two sections.They are: Section I New Words (60 points,40 minutes) Section II:Reading Comprehension(points,50 minutes) The total marks for this examinatic 100 points.Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. 1367

试卷代号 :1354 国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学 )2015 年春季学期"开放本科"期末考试 高级英语阅读 (2) 试题 2015 事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定 栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不 得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案 一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of two sections. They are: Section 1 : New Words (60 points, 40 minutes) Section II : Reading Comprehensioll (1 points, 50 minutes) The total marks for this examinatk 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. 1367

Section I New Words A Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right.(3 points each) 1. egalitarian A.not flexible 2. peer B.rapid“talk”(noun) 3. polygamy C.a proud walk,from side to side 4. distract D.garbage 5. significant E.to sign up to take a class 6. swagger F.marriage to more than one person 7. rigid G.important 8. chatter H.equal 9. enroll I.a person of equal status or age 10. trash J.take attention away B Fill in the blanks with words from the box below.(3 points each) career counselors job security keep up with leisure telecommuting on the move outsourcing overworked stress upgrade Nowadays,workers are 11,changing careers for many reasons.Some have lost their jobs due to 12 caused by companies searching for cheaper labor.Others feel that they are 13 and are looking for a job with less 14.Still others need to take time off to 15 their skills and learn more about computers so they can 16 the latest technology.Some 17 advise people looking for work to consider several things before they accept another position.First of all,if they just lost a job,they should ask about the 18 of the next one.Second,they should make sure they have enough 19 time so they don't feel so pressured by the demands of work.Third,they should consider 20,if possible,and working from a home office.This way,they'll have time to take courses that build their skills so they can get a better job in the future. 1368

Section 1 New Words Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (3 points each) 1. egalitarian A. not flexib1e 2. 一一一一 peer B. rapid" ta1k" (noun) 3. 一一一一一 po1ygamy C. a proud walk , from side to side 4. distract D. garbage 5. 一-一一__ significant E. to sign up to take a class 6. 一一一一_swagger F. marriage to more than one person 7. 一-一一一_ rigid G. important 8. chatter H. equal 9. enroll 1. a person of equa1 status or age 10. trash J. take attention away iII in blanks with words from the box below. (3 points each) career counse1ors job security keep up with 1eisure te1ecommuting on the move outsourcìng overworked stress upgrade Nowadays, workers are 11 , changing careers for many reasons. Some have lost their jobs due to 12 caused by companies searching for cheaper 1abor. Others feel that they are 13 , and are 100king for a job with 1ess 14 . Still others need to take time off to 15 their skills and 1earn more about computers so they can 16 the 1atest techno1ogy. Some 17 advise peop1e 100king for work to consider severa1 things before they accept another position. First of all , if they just 10st a job , they shou1d ask about the 18 of the next one. Second , they shou1d make sure they have enough 19 time so they don' t fee1 so pressured by the demands of work. Third , they shou1d consider 20 , if possib1e , and working from a home office. This way , they' 11 have time to take courses that build their skills so they can get a better job in the future. 1368

Section II Reading Comprehension A Read the passage.Then answer the questions that follow.(5 points each) Volunteering in the United States A Volunteering is a practice that many people in the United States engage in at some point in their lives.It means doing unpaid work for or through an organization.It may be a simple activity,like school children cleaning up their neighborhood park,or teenagers washing cars to earn money to support their team.It may be an educational activity,like college students tutoring children after school,or professionals advising recent university graduates.It may also be for environmental organizations,like Earthwatch or Greenpeace.Whatever a person's interest,there are dozens of ways to volunteer,and many Americans do it. B The Department of Labor collects information on volunteering in the United States,and it says that every year,over 65 million people offer their services.One-fourth of men and one-third of women work for at least one organization without being paid.The organizations that they volunteer for the most are (1)religious,(2)educational and youth services,and (3)social and community service.People between the ages of 35 and 55 tend to volunteer a great deal,but teenagers also volunteer a lot,possibly because this type of work is emphasized in schools. C The average time spent in unpaid activities is about 50 hours per year.Retired people (over 65)offer more of their time than other age groups-over 90 hours per year. Married people tend to volunteer more than single people,and parents tend to volunteer more than adults without children.Parents are more likely to get involved in schools and sport teams,while adults without children are more likely to offer their time to hospitals or community service organizations. Regarding the type of work they do,people with higher levels of education are more likely to do tutoring,coaching,supervising,and counseling,or to provide management or medical assistance.Those with lower levels of education are more likely to collect,prepare,distribute,and serve food.People with full-time jobs are less likely than those with part-time jobs to volunteer.Among those who volunteered in the past but no longer do so,lack of time is the main reason,followed by health/medical problems,and family responsibilities.All in all,the trend of volunteering is alive and well in the United States,with more people lending a hand every year. 1369

Section 11 Reading Comprehension Read the passage. Then answer ques lS at follow. (5 points each) Volunteering in the United States A Vo1unteering is a practice that many peop1e in the United States engage in at some point in their lives. It means doing unpaid work for or through an organization. It may be a simp1e activity , like schoo1 children cleaning up their neighborhood park, or teenagers washing cars to earn money to suppo their team. It may be an educationa1 activity , 1ike college students tutoring children after schoo1 , or professiona1s advising recent university graduates. It may a1so be for environmenta1organizations, 1ike Earthwatch or Greenpeace. Whatever a person's interest, there are dozens of ways to vo1unteer, and many Americans do it. B The Department of Labor collects information on vo1unteering in the United States, and it says that every year, over 65 million peop1e offer their services. One-fourth of men and one-third of women work for at 1east one organization without being paid. The organizations that they vo1unteer for the most are (1) religious, (2) educationa1 and youth services, and (3) socia1 and community service. Peop1e between the ages of 35 and 55 tend to vo1unteer a great dea1 , but teenagers a1so vo1unteer a 10t, possib1y because this type of work is emphasized in schoo1s. C The average time spent in unpaid activities is about 50 hours per year. Retired peop1e (over 65) offer more of their time than other age groups-over 90 hours per year. Married peop1e tend to vo1unteer more than sing1e peop1e , and parents tend to vo1unteer more than adults without chi1dren. Parents are more 1ikely to get invo1ved in schoo1s and sport teams, while adults without children are more like1y to offer their time to hospita1s or com lumty serVlce orgamzatlOns. D Regarding the type of work they do , peop1e with higher 1evels of education are more likely to do tutoring , coaching , supervising , and counseling , or to provide management or medica1 assistance. Those with 10wer 1evels of education are more like1y to collect , prepare , distribute , and serve food. Peop1e with full-time jobs are 1ess likely than those with part-time jobs to vo1unteer. Among those who vo1unteered in the past but no 10nger do so , 1ack of time is the main reason , followed by health/medica1 prob1ems, and fami1y responsibi1ities. All in all , the trend of vo1unteering is a1ive and well in the United States, with more peop1e 1ending a hand every year. 1369

For each question,choose the best answer based on the reading passage.Write A,B,C or D on your Answer Sheet. 21.Volunteering may take the form of A.cleaning up a park B.washing cars C.tutoring children D.all of the above 22.The number of Americans who volunteer is over A.65 million B.55 million C.50 million D.35 million 23. volunteer more than A.children adults B.married people /single people C.teenagers retired people D.men /women 24.The most common type of organization to volunteer for is A.social B.educational C.religious D.sports 25.In the United States, people are offering their services. A.not very many B.the same number of C.less and less D.more and more BRead the passage.Then answer the questions that follow.(3 points each) Elephant Communication A Researchers at Stanford and Cornell Universities are studying communication patterns of the savannah,or plains elephants,and forest elephants of sub-Saharan Africa. They have made many audio and video recordings,matching the sound and behavior of the elephants in order to understand the meaning from observed patterns. B Their findings are that elephants use many senses to communicate:sight,smell, taste,hearing,and touch.For example,when two female elephants greet each other after a long separation,they stand side by side,flapping their ears,touching and smelling each other with their trunks,making rumbling sounds.The longer they've been separated,the louder and more demonstrative they act when they meet again. 1370

For each question , chωse the best answer based on the reading passage. Write A , B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. 21. Volunteering may take the form of _一一-一· A. cleaning up a park B. washing cars C. tutoring children D. a11 of the above 22. The number of Americans who volunteer is over A. 65 mil1ion B. 55 mil1ion C. 50 million D. 35 million 23. volunteer more than A. children / adults B. married people / single people C. teenagers / retired people D. men / women 24. The most common type of organization to volunteer for is A. social B. educational C. religious D. sports 25. ln the United States ，一一一__ people are offering their services. A. not very many B. the same number of C. less and less D. more and more Read passage. Then answer ques follow. (3 points each) Elephant Communication A Researchers at Stanford and Cornell Universities are studying communication patterns of the savannah , or plains elephants, and forest elephants of sub-Saharan Africa. They have made many audio and video recordings, matching the sound and behavior of the elephants in order to understand the meaning from observed patterns: B Their findings are that elephants use many senses to communicate: sight , sme11 , taste , hearing , and touch. For example, when two female elephants greet each other after a long separation , they stand side by side , flapping their ears, touching and smelling each other with their trunks, making rumbling sounds. The longer they've been separated , the louder and more demonstrative they act when they meet again. 1370

C Elephant rumbling is a low,infrasonic sound of 12-20 Hertz(Hz)that humans cannot hear.(Human range is between 20-20,000 Hz.)Researchers have divided this rumbling into three main signals:contact,"Let's go,"and mating.The contact call is used by elephants that are miles away to communicate their location to other herds.All day, female leaders rumble to other groups,who rumble back.They stay far apart to ensure enough food for all the members and later meet at a watering hole and greet each other. D Another type of rumbling is the "Let's go"signal of a head female when she wants to leave a place after drinking or resting.Facing the direction she wants to go,she rumbles until the others begin to answer and follow her.The third type is the mating rumble that a male in musth emits.Females in a herd usually answer him,although none of them may be receptive,because they mate only once every four years.However,when the male hears them,he travels to the group to assess the situation. E A final interesting form of communication among elephants is the way they act toward their dead.If they come upon elephant bones,they stand around touching the skulls and tusks with their trunks.When researchers left the bones of other large animals,like rhinos or buffaloes,in these places,elephants examined them briefly,but they touched only the elephant remains.In India,where elephants are often killed by trains,other elephants come to the scene to caress and mourn the dead ones. Decide whether the following statements are true or false..Write“T”for True and“F”for False on the Answer Sheet. 26.Researchers are studying elephants in order to understand their communication patterns. 27.When female elephants greet each other after a long separation,they rumble and walk away. 28.Elephant rumbling has several meanings. 29.The word emits in paragraph D probably means produces. 30.The word remains in paragraph E is closest in meaning to stays behind. 1371

C Elephant rumbling is a low, infrasonic sound of 12 - 20 Hertz (Hz) that humans cannot hear. (H uman range is between 20 - 20 , 000 Hz. ) Researchers have divided this rumbling into three main signals: contact , "Let's go ," and mating. The contact cal1 is used by elephants that are mi1es away to communicate their location to other herds. All day. female leaders rumble to other groups, who rumble back. They stay far apart to ensure enough food for all the members and later meet at a watering hole and greet each other. D Another type of rumbling is the "L 's go" signal of a head female w hen she wants to leave a place after drinking or resting. Facing the direction she wants to go , she rumbles until the others begin to answer and follow her. The third type is the mating rumble that a male in musth emits. Females in a herd usually answer him , although none of them may be receptive , because they mate only once every four years. However, when the male hears them , he travels to the group to assess the situation. E A final interesting form of communication among elephants is the way they act toward their dead. If they come upon elephant bones, they stand around touching the skulls and tusks with their trunks. When researchers left the bones of other large animals, like rhinos or buffaloes, in these places, elephants examined them brieHy , but they touched only the elephant remains. ln lndia , where elephants are often kil1ed by trains, other elephants come to the scene to caress and mourn the dead ones. Decide whether the foUowing statements are true or false. Write on the Answer Sheet. 26. Researchers are studying elephants in order to understand their communication patterns. 27. When female elephants greet each other after a long separation , they rumble and walk away. 28. Elephant rumbling has several meanings. 29. The word emits in paragraph D probably means produces. 30. The word remains in paragraph E is closest in meaning to stays behind. 1371

试卷代号：1354 座位号■■ 国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2015年春季学期“开放本科”期末考试 高级英语阅读(2) 试题答题纸 2015年7月 题号 Section Section II 总分 分数 得分 评卷人 Section I New Words AMatch each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right.(3 points each) 1. * 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. B Fill in the blanks with words from the box below.(3 points each) 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18 19 20. 1372

试卷代号 :1354 座位号仁口 国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学)2015 年春季学期"开放本科"期末考试 |得分|评卷人| | 高级英语阅读 (2) 试题答题纸 Section 1 New Words 2015 Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (3 points each) 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8. 4. 9. iII in the bJanks with words from the box beJow. (3 points each) 11. 13. 15. 17. 19. 1372 12. 14. 16. 18. 20. 5 10

得分 评卷人 SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension A For each question,choose the best answer based on the reading passage.(5 points each) 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. B Decide whether the following statements are true or false.Write"T"for True and"F"for False on the Answer Sheet.(3 points each) 26. 27. ·28. 29. 30. 1373

|得分|评卷人| | Section II Reading Comprehension For each ques阳， choose the best answ based on the reading passage. (5 points each) 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Decide whe er the following statements are true or false. Write "T" for True and "F" for False on the Answer Sheet. (3 points each) 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 1373

试卷代号：1354 国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2015年春季学期“开放本科”期末考试 高级英语阅读(2)试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2015年7月 Section I New words A Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right.(3 points each) 1.H 2.I 3.F 4.J 5.G 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.E 10.D B Fill in the blanks with words from the box below.(3 points each) 11.on the move 12.outsourcing 13.overworked 14.stress 15.upgrade 16.keep up with 17.career counselors 18.job security 19.leisure 20.telecommuting Section II Reading Comprehension A For each question,choose the best answer based on the reading passage.(5 points each) 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.D BDecide whether the following statements are true or false.Write“T”for True and“F”for False on the Answer Sheet.(3 points each) 26.T 27.F 28.T 29.T 30.F 1374

试卷代号 :1354 国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学 )2015 年春季学期"开放本科"期末考试 高级英语阅读 (2) 试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2015 Section 1 New words Match each vocabulary wo on with the correct definition on the right. (3 points each) 1. H 6. C 2.1 7. A 3. F 8. B 4. J 9. E ilI in the blanks with words from the box below. (3 points each) 11. on the move 13. overworked 15. upgrade 17. career counselors 19. leisure Section II Reading Comprehension 12. outsourcing 14. stress 16. keep up with 18. job security 20. telecommuting 5. G 10. D For each question , choose the best answe ased on the reading passage. (5 poi胁时 21. D 22. A 23. B 24.C 25. D Decide whether the following sta me are true or false. Write "T" for True and ， for False on the Answer Sheet. (3 points each) 26. T 27. F 28. T 29. T 30.F 1374