Chapter 3 Nucleic Acids Section 1 nucleotides and nucleic acids
Chapter 3 Nucleic Acids Section 1 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
Or utline 11.1 Nitrogenous Bases 11.2 The pentoses of nucleotides and na 1.3 Nucleosides are Formed by joining a Nitrogenous Base to a Sugar 11.4 Nucleotides- Nucleoside Phosphates 11.5 Nucleic Acids are polynucleotides 11.6 Classes of nucleic acids 11.7 Hydrolysis of Nucleic Acids
Outline • 11.1 Nitrogenous Bases • 11.2 The Pentoses of Nucleotides and NA • 11.3 Nucleosides are Formed by Joining a Nitrogenous Base to a Sugar • 11.4 Nucleotides - Nucleoside Phosphates • 11.5 Nucleic Acids are Polynucleotides • 11.6 Classes of Nucleic Acids • 11.7 Hydrolysis of Nucleic Acids
Concept ● nucleic acids Polynucleotides, The nucleotide residues are linked in a specific sequence by phosphodiester bonds; dNA and rna
Concept • nucleic acids: – Polynucleotides , The nucleotide residues are linked in a specific sequence by phosphodiester bonds; – DNA and RNA
DNA DNA replicaton yelds two DNA molecules identical to the original one, ensuring transmision of genetic information to daughter cells with exceptional fidelity DNA Transcripti A0OOo8s The sequence of bases in DNA is recorded as a sequence od complementary base in a singie stranded mRNA molecule mRNA tRNA aDoE Three base codons on the mRNA mRNA Corresponding to specfic amino acids direct the sequence of building a protein. These codons are recogmized by tRNAs(ransfer RNAs) carrying the approprate amino acids. Ribosomes Attached are the"machinery for protein amino acid Less Growing Protein tide chui
1869 F Miescher(nuclein) 1889 R. Altman (nucleic acid)
• 1869 F. Miescher (nuclein) • 1889 R. Altman (nucleic acid)
11.1 Nitrogenous bases含氮碱 Know the basic structures Pyrimidines(嘧啶) Cytosine胞~ODNA,RNA) Uracil尿~(RNA) Thymine胸~(DNA Purines(嘌呤) Adenine腺~(ODNA,RNA Guanine鸟~(DNA,RNA)
11.1 Nitrogenous Bases含氮碱 Know the basic structures • Pyrimidines (嘧啶） – Cytosine 胞~ (DNA, RNA) – Uracil 尿~ (RNA) – Thymine 胸~ (DNA) • Purines （嘌呤） – Adenine 腺~ (DNA, RNA) – Guanine 鸟~ (DNA, RNA)
6 5N7 3N N 6 4N9 H The pyrimidine ring The purine ring system
NH H N Cytosine Uracil (2-oxy-4-amino (2-oxy-4-oxy pyrimidine) pyrimidine) H N H Thymine (2-oxy-4-oxy 5-methyl pyrimidine)
NH H N N HoN N H Adenine Guanine (6-amino purine) (2-amino-6-oxy purine)
H tine次黄嘌呤 H Xanthine 黄嘌呤 H H Uric acid 尿酸
尿酸 黄嘌呤 次黄嘌呤