习题14
习题 14
(2较 CH COCH COC01c0cu,Oc的相对酸性强弱,说明理出 03出 CH,COCH,COOCHS A式烯酶式的结构式,为什么它的烯时式比敫酯的烯醇式稳定,如何 用化学方法检查此烯醇式结构的存在。 解 (a)CH3COCH, COCH3>CH, COCH,COOC2Hs>CH3COOC2H5 OH (b) H3C C OC2Hs 碳碳双键与碳氧双键发生pπ共轭而稳定,烯醇式使溴水褪色, 使三氯化铁显色
2.下列各队化合物,哪些是互变异构体,哪些是共振结构式? (1)时 H3C (2)CHJCH--CHCH CHCH OH CHiCCH-CCH3 CH3C] 解:互变异构体:(3)(4)共振结构式:(1)
3.完成下列反应 (IC2HSONE (1)CH3 CH2CO0C2Hs (2)H3o C?SoNA CHBr (oH COOC 2Hs (2)H3O COOC?H CE SoNA H,O 〔)+cH2 COOCH C2Hs ONa H3O △
解 OChS Br Br 00 COOC2Hs CH(COOC2Hs h CHyCOOH
4.试用化学方法区别下列各组化合物 CH:COCCOOC2H s, CH3COCHCOOC2H CH (2) CH3 COCHz COOC2Hs, CH2(COoH) 解:(1)加FeCl3,后者由于能形成烯醇式显色。 (2)加FeCl3,前者由于能形成烯醇式显色
5.以甲醇、乙醇为原料,用乙酰乙酸乙酯法合成下列化合物 (1)甲基异丙基甲酮:(2)甲基仲丁基甲酮;(3)2-乙基丁酸: 4)甲基环丙基甲酮;(5)2-甲基戊酸 解: KMnO4 CH OH C2HSOH H_SO 一CH3COOH H So, CH3 COCH, COOC, C,HONa CHI (1)CH3 COCH_COOC2Hs CH2COCHCOOC,HK CH3I CH3COCHCOOC2Hs C2HSONa, CHaCOCCOOC CH CH CH 3 CH1 5% NaOH CH: COCCOOC?H CH,COCHCH CH 3 CHy3OH-HI CH
C,,ONE C2H<B (2)CH3COCH2COOC2H5 一CH3 COCHCOOC2Hs CaSonA CH3 COCHCOOC2Hs b CHiCoCCOOC?H CH31 CH 3 5% NaOH CH:COCHCOOC 2H 5 CH:COCHCH,CH HBr C2HSOH cHsBr CHIOH CH31 ()CH, COOCaHs C2HsONa CH2CH2Br CHiCocHCooCH CH3COCHCOOC2H5 C2H5 CrH ChSONa CH3 COCooN、 CH3CH2Br CH,COCcooC,Hs 40% NaoH. C C?Hs HBr CH3CH,OH CH3CH,Br
ChOna BrCH,CH,Br (4)CHyCOCH2 CO0C2Hs CH3COCHCOOC2Hs C2H5ONG CH3 COCHCOOC?Hs CH3COCCoOC2Hs CH-CH2Br CH,, Br 5% NaOH D-COCH3 COnChS H2sO B C2HSOH CH=CH3 2 BrCHCHgBr (5)c2QB、H2SO4,H2-Ch B KOH HCmCH H OH NaNH, CHal HC E CN HC CCHy Lindl ROOR 2H5ONa CH3 COCH,C00C,Hs CH3COCHCOOC Hs
CH3 COCHCOOC H. C2H5ONa Hzf CH?COCCOoC,H CH2,CH CH, CH, CH3 C CHCOCHcoOC,H 40% NaOH CH3 COCHCH,CH3 CH2CH2CH3
