定语从句在句子中起形容词作用，修饰一个名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从 句放在先行词之后，用下列关联词引导： that,which,who,whom,whose等（关系代词） when why等 (关系副词)。 一)定语从句的种类 定语从句按关联词的性质分，可分为两类：1、由关系代词引导的定语从句。2、由关系副词引导的 定语从句。 按定语从句与先行词的紧密程度分，也可分为两类：1、限制性定语从句。2、非限制性定语从句。 下面着重分析 限制性与非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句 这类定语从句是主句中先行词的不可缺少的定语，它们的关系十分密切，不能用逗号与主句隔开。 如： I want to have a look at the house that you bought last week. 我相看一看你上 一星期买下的那座房子 June is the month when we have a lot of rain. 六月是多雨的月份 非限制性 语从句 非限制性定语从句只对先行词作附加说明，关系不那么密切，用逗号隔开。 He bought a pen,which is red 他买了一支笔，是红色的。 有时一个定语从句文字上虽没变动，但在从句与先行词之间加上一个逗号就成了非限制性定语从 句，在意义上可能有很大差别。 He has a son who works in a university as日大 工作的儿 ,何能还有别的儿子不在大学工作) rsity 他 个儿子，在大学工作。 (只有这一个儿子) 二)有关关系代词的几个问题 1 在定语从句中起宾语作用的关系代词常常省去。例收如： This is the room (that)he whitewashed 文就是他粥粉刷过的那间房子 e泰 个词时（作介词宾语时 般不用that,而用which或whom。例如 lot 从他身上你可以学到很多东西 3、当先行词被形容词最高级或some,few,any,no,only,much,last,frst等词修饰，或先行词是 everything,something,nothing,.all等词时，关系代词一般要用that,不用which。例如： Can you tell them something that can arouse their interest? 你能给他们讲一些能够引起他们兴趣的事情吗？ This is all that has been provided. 这就是所提供的一切。 This is the best book that has been published this year 这是今年出版的最好的书， 练习： 61.Once they had fame,fortune,secure future: is utter poverty a.now that all I left b.now all that is left c.now all which is left d.now all what is left 62.He borrowed the novel had been torn.from John. a.the cover o that cover e got the driver's license
定语从句在句子中起形容词作用，修饰一个名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从 句放在先行词之后，用下列关联词引导： that, which, who, whom, whose 等（关系代词）; when, where, why 等（关系副词）。 一） 定语从句的种类 定语从句按关联词的性质分，可分为两类：1、由关系代词引导的定语从句。2、由关系副词引导的 定语从句。 按定语从句与先行词的紧密程度分，也可分为两类：1、限制性定语从句。2、非限制性定语从句。 下面着重分析一下限制性与非限制性定语从句。 1、 限制性定语从句 这类定语从句是主句中先行词的不可缺少的定语，它们的关系十分密切，不能用逗号与主句隔开。 例如： I want to have a look at the house that you bought last week. 我想看一看你上一星期买下的那座房子。 June is the month when we have a lot of rain. 六月是多雨的月份。 2、 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句只对先行词作附加说明，关系不那么密切，用逗号隔开。 He bought a pen, which is red. 他买了一支笔，是红色的。 有时一个定语从句文字上虽没变动，但在从句与先行词之间加上一个逗号就成了非限制性定语从 句，在意义上可能有很大差别。 例如： He has a son who works in a university. 他有一个在大学工作的儿子。（可能还有别的儿子不在大学工作） He has a son ,who works in a university. 他有一个儿子，在大学工作。（只有这一个儿子） 二） 有关关系代词的几个问题 1、 在定语从句中起宾语作用的关系代词常常省去。例如： This is the room (that) he whitewashed. 这就是他粉刷过的那间房子。 2、 当关系代词紧跟介词时（作介词宾语时），一般不用that, 而用which 或 whom 。例如： He is the man from whom you can learn a lot. 从他身上你可以学到很多东西。 3、 当先行词被形容词最高级或some, few, any, no, only, much, last, first 等词修饰，或先行词是 everything, something, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词一般要用that ，不用which 。例如： Can you tell them something that can arouse their interest? 你能给他们讲一些能够引起他们兴趣的事情吗？ This is all that has been provided. 这就是所提供的一切。 This is the best book that has been published this year. 这是今年出版的最好的书。 练习： 61. Once they had fame, fortune, secure future; _ is utter poverty. a. now that all I left b. now all that is left c. now all which is left d. now all what is left 62. He borrowed the novel, _ had been torn, from John. a. the cover of whose b. that cover c. the cover of that d. the cover of which 63. John is the only student in the class _ got the driver's license
a.who b.that c.whom d.what 64.One of the traditional complaints about this kind of food is_ vegetables are cooked a.the way that b.the way which 65. way he wa he had promised us he the hardship and finished the task ahead of time moved us greatly a.what b.this c.that d.which 67 I called the consultant Cathy had recommended. a.who b.that c.whom d.which 68.The first thing will do when I come back is to have a good sleep a.which b.what c.that d.when to ng ce. e reason because the vase was placed on the corner D 70.Brexheb has been at the center of soviet power since he became member fte party. 答案与解释 61答案：b.当先行词为al,something,.anything,.everything,nothing等词时，定语从句引导词只能用 that。a项中now that是引出状语从句的连接词，表示"既然"，在句中意思不通。 62.答案：d.定语从句可由"名词代词/数词+介词+关系代词which(whom)"引出。指物时不能用 that,指人时不能whd 63.答案：b.先行词有ithe only,.the very,the last,.the same等表示特定概念的修饰词时，引导词只能用 64.答案：a.表示时间，方式， 原因的先行词如time,moment,.year,day,reason,.way后面引导词 般要用that,表示时间的先行词之后也可用when,表示原因的the reason之后也可用why引出. 65.答案：a.与such连用的关系代词为as,表示前面所提到的那类事。.这句话是说："这个宴会不象他 许诺的那么好。"如选b项，句子应该为"t was not the kind of feast that she had promised us."在 t为关系代词 在suc 结构中that引导的是状语从句 66.答案：d.此题考非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话内容，用which引导。如选b项，中间须用分号 或句号隔开。 67.答案：c.定语从句中关系代词的选择决定于该先行词在从句中的成分。在这句话中the doctor是 recommend的宾语. 68.答案：c定语从句先行词前有最高级和序数词修饰时，写引导词只能用hat 69.答案：b错，应该为the reason why。.表原因的引导词为that或why,不可用because,due to, owing to等。 70.答案：C错，应该为when或in which。这里是表示时间或者用in which或者用when。先行词表 示时间、地点、原因时，可用介词+which替代关系词when.where,why
a. who b. that c. whom d. what 64. One of the traditional complaints about this kind of food is _ vegetables are cooked. a. the way that b. the way which c. the way what d. the way how 65. It was not such a good feast _ he had promised us. a. as b. that c. which d. what 66. She had overcome the hardship and finished the task ahead of time, _ moved us greatly. a. what b. this c. that d. which 67. I called the consultant _ Cathy had recommended. a. who b. that c. whom d. which 68. The first thing _ I will do when I come back is to have a good sleep. a. which b. what c. that d. when Correct the following sentences: 69. I was asked to explain the reason because the vase was placed A B C on the corner. D 70.Brexheb has been at the center of Soviet power since A 1967, in when he became a full member of the party. B C D 答案与解释 61答案: b. 当先行词为all, something, anything, everything, nothing 等词时, 定语从句引导词只能用 that。 a 项中now that 是引出状语从句的连接词, 表示"既然", 在句中意思不通。 62.答案: d. 定语从句可由"名词/代词/数词 + 介词 + 关系代词which(whom)"引出。指物时不能用 that，指人时不能who。 63. 答案: b. 先行词有the only, the very, the last, the same等表示特定概念的修饰词时, 引导词只能用 that. 64. 答案: a. 表示时间，方式， 原因的先行词如time, moment, year, day, reason, way 后面引导词一 般要用 that, 表示时间的先行词之后也可用when, 表示原因的the reason 之后也可用why引出.。 65. 答案: a. 与such连用的关系代词为as, 表示前面所提到的那类事。. 这句话是说:"这个宴会不象他 许诺的那么好。" 如选 b 项，句子应该为"It was not the kind of feast that she had promised us." 在 此that 为关系代词。 在 such .that 结构中that 引导的是状语从句. 66. 答案: d. 此题考非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话内容, 用which引导。 如选b 项, 中间须用分号 或句号隔开。 67. 答案: c. 定语从句中关系代词的选择决定于该先行词在从句中的成分。 在这句话中the doctor 是 recommend 的宾语。 68. 答案: c 定语从句先行词前有最高级和序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。 69. 答案：b错, 应该为the reason why。表原因的引导词为that或 why， 不可用because, due to, owing to等。 70. 答案：C错， 应该为when或in which。这里是表示时间或者用in which或者用when.。先行词表 示时间、地点、原因时， 可用介词+which替代关系副词 when. where, why