在英语中，那些不用作句子谓语的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式、分词 和动名词。 一)不定式(the infinitive) 1.不定式的 般功能 不定式可用作主语、宾语、表语、复合 谓语的一部分、宾语补足语、定语和状语。例如： To see is to believe.(住语) 百闻不加一风 He wants to go with you.(宾语) 他想和你一起走。 To see is to believe.(表语) 百间不如一见。 ened to be out when he called.(复合谓语 The teacher wants the students to study hard.(宾语补足语 老师要学生们努力学习。 He was the first man to walk on the moon.(定语) 个在月球行走的人 Pyou.(状语) 我们是来帮助你的。 2.有关不定式用法的几点注意的问题 1)不定式的逻辑主语有时与句子的主语一致，有时是句子的宾语，有时是泛指的：有时是特指的， 且与句子主语或宾语 It is 在这种情况下，需要在逻辑主语前加上介词for或of。例如： for us to leam English. 要的。 你来帮我，真是感激不尽 在表示人物性格、特征等的形容词的后面，经常用o侠引出不定式的逻辑主语。也就是说当某个形容 词可用来形容人物时，用of;否则用for。 可以说"You are kind."而不可以说e are necessary." 2)不定式有时不带"T 平时要注意观察。例如： Why not go c this weekend? 我们最好马上做这件事 3)不定式也有被动左 例如 There is a lo t of work to be done 有许多工作要做。 二)分词(the participles) 分词包括现在分词和过去分词， 分词的 船田法 分词可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。例如 The man standing by the door is our teacher.() 那位站在门旁的男士是我们的老师。 The window is broken.(表语) 窗户是破的， I heard her singing next room.(宾语补足语 我听见她在隔壁房间唱歌。 She sat under a tree thinking about her future.()
在英语中， 那些不用作句子谓语的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式、分词 和动名词。 一）不定式（the infinitive） 1. 不定式的一般功能 不定式可用作主语、宾语、表语、复合 谓语的一部分、宾语补足语、定语和状语。例如： To see is to believe.(主语) 百闻不如一见。 He wants to go with you.(宾语) 他想和你一起走。 To see is to believe.(表语) 百闻不如一见。 She happened to be out when he called.(复合谓语) 他来访时她恰好出去了。 The teacher wants the students to study hard.(宾语补足语) 老师要学生们努力学习。 He was the first man to walk on the moon.(定语) 他是第一个在月球行走的人。 We come to help you. (状语) 我们是来帮助你的。 2. 有关不定式用法的几点注意的问题 １）不定式的逻辑主语有时与句子的主语一致，有时是句子的宾语，有时是泛指的; 有时是特指的， 且与句子主语或宾语不一致，在这种情况下，需要在逻辑主语前加上介词for或of。例如： It is necessary for us to learn English. 对我们来说学习英语是必要的。 It is kind of you to help me. 你来帮我，真是感激不尽。 在表示人物性格、特征等的形容词的后面，经常用of来引出不定式的逻辑主语。也就是说当某个形容 词可用来形容人物时，用of；否则用for。 可以说"You are kind."而不可以说"We are necessary." ２）不定式有时不带"To"，平时要注意观察。例如： Why not go outing this weekend? 为什么这个周末不出去郊游？ We had better do it right now. 我们最好马上做这件事。 3) 不定式也有被动式。例如： There is a lot of work to be done. 有许多工作要做。 二）分词（the participles） 分词包括现在分词和过去分词。 １。分词的一般用法 分词可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。例如： The man standing by the door is our teacher.(定语) 那位站在门旁的男士是我们的老师。 The window is broken.(表语) 窗户是破的。 I heard her singing next room.( 宾语补足语) 我听见她在隔壁房间唱歌。 She sat under a tree thinking about her future.(状语)
她坐在树下思索着未来」 2。现在分词与过去分词在用法上的区别 般地说，现在分词表示的意义是主动的、 进行的：过去分词表示的意义是被动的和完成的。例 如 a falling apple(正在落下的萍果) a fallen apple(已掉在地上的萍果) 级 the exploited class(被剥削阶级) 三)动名词(the Gerund) 1.一般用法 动名词虽然在形式上与现在分词相同，但实质上是名词，所以可在句子中用作主语、宾语、表语和 同位语。例如： language is not easy.(住语) 讲一门外语绝非易事。 He hates wasting time.(宾语) 他憎恨浪费时间。 My hobby is 我的爱好是打蓝球 ing basketball.(.表语 His task this week,preparing for the test,.is rather heavy.(同位语) 他这个星期准备考试的任务很繁重。 2。需注音的几点 1)动名词用作宾语时对前面的谓语动词有一定的要求。即并不是所有的动词都可以带动名词的宾 这需要 任 平时的学 2习 主意 2)如果动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不同时，需要在动名词前加上自己的逻辑主语。例如： She insisted on Tom's going with her. 地坚特要汤姆和她一纪去 3)动名词也有不同体式和语态。例如： I am sorry for having kept you waiting.(完成时) 我让您久等了，真不好意思 She doesn't like being ordered about.(被动态) 地不喜欢被人唤来唤去的。 练习 46.I'm trying I don't remember the document into the suitcase a.thi putting top d.thinking to nu 47 what the teacher had said that day,he was not at all pleased with his students'work a.Judged by b.To judge by To judge Judging by Mrs.Robertson felt a great burden taken off her shoulders een her ers-in-law of with he -law off r t in-Is en off d.By s a her two sisters-in-law off 49.No matter how hard he tried,George kept behind his classmates at school. a.to fall
她坐在树下思索着未来。 ２。现在分词与过去分词在用法上的区别 一般地说，现在分词表示的意义是主动的、进行的；过去分词表示的意义是被动的和完成的。例 如： a falling apple(正在落下的萍果) a fallen apple(已掉在地上的萍果) the exploiting class(剥削阶级) the exploited class(被剥削阶级) 三）动名词（the Gerund） 1. 一般用法 动名词虽然在形式上与现在分词相同，但实质上是名词，所以可在句子中用作主语、宾语、表语和 同位语。例如： Speaking a foreign language is not easy.(主语) 讲一门外语绝非易事。 He hates wasting time.(宾语) 他憎恨浪费时间。 My hobby is playing basketball.(表语) 我的爱好是打蓝球。 His task this week, preparing for the test, is rather heavy.(同位语) 他这个星期准备考试的任务很繁重。 ２。需注意的几点 １）动名词用作宾语时对前面的谓语动词有一定的要求。即并不是所有的动词都可以带动名词的宾 语，这需要在平时的学习中注意。 ２）如果动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不同时，需要在动名词前加上自己的逻辑主语。例如： She insisted on Tom’s going with her. 她坚持要汤姆和她一起去。 ３）动名词也有不同体式和语态。例如： I am sorry for having kept you waiting.(完成时) 我让您久等了，真不好意思。 She doesn’t like being ordered about.(被动态) 地不喜欢被人唤来唤去的。 练习： 46. I’m trying _. I don’t remember _ the document into the suitcase. a. thinking . putting b. to think . to put c. to think . putting d. thinking . to put 47. _ what the teacher had said that day, he was not at all pleased with his students’ work. a. Judged by b. To judge by c. To judge d. Judging by 48. _ at the airport , Mrs. Robertson felt a great burden taken off her shoulders. a. Seen her two sisters-in-law off b. Having seen her two sisters-in-law off c. with her two sisters-in-law seen off d. By seeing her two sisters-in-law off 49. No matter how hard he tried, George kept _ behind his classmates at school. a. to fall
b.being fallen memory Ive got !lremembered _the letter,but forgot it a to to sta c.to post .stamping d.posting.stamping 51.He resented to wait.He expected the minister to be punctual. a.to be asked b.asking sked 52 WouI o mind your radio a little please? a.turn off b.turnir 53.People couldn't help Cothenci8nampaoemnepoeson a.laugh at b.to laugh at c.laughing at d.laughing on 54.The sentence needs. a.to improve b.improve c.improving d.improved 55.Only one of these b to lead worth s is ing rea ad c.worth of reading d.worth reading 0 enjoy h d.to be made ve he ess mistake a.to make b.make c.making d.made 58 I badly rearet you more help before 6e9029am9ag0ga8ag8hgRegra1n80g09s ach b.be taught c.be teaching d.teaching in such a hurry. leaving d.be leaving 答案与注释 46.答案是c try to do sth.试图做某事 remember doing sth.记起作过某事 h.记得要去作某事 47答案是d judging by.按照，依据.来看。 48.答案是b. 现在分词用做时间状语，句子的主语是它的逻辑主语，完成式表示该动作发生在位于动作之前。 49.答案是c keep doing sth.始终在作某事。keep不能与动词不定式连用。 50.答案是a. remember doing sth.记起作过某事 remember to do sth.记得要去作某事 51.答案是d resent doing sth.讨厌作某事，憎恶作某事。resent不能与动词不定式连用。 52.d动词mind,enjoy,forgive.后要求跟动名词。 53.ccan't help doing为固定搭配，意为"禁不住做." 54.cneed+doingi意思相当于need to be done 55.dy doing意思相当于worthy of doing,意为值得千 9。因为表被动意思，所秋透0
b. being fallen c. falling d. to be fallen 50. What a poor memory I’ve got ! I remembered _ the letter, but forgot _ it. a. to post . to stamp b. posting . to stamp c. to post . stamping d. posting . stamping 51. He resented _ to wait. He expected the minister to be punctual. a. to be asked b. asking c. to ask d. being asked 52. Would you mind _ your radio a little, please? a. turn off b. turning off c. to turn off d. turning down 53. People couldn’t help _ the foolish emperor in the procession. a. laugh at b. to laugh at c. laughing at d. laughing on 54. The sentence needs _. a. to improve b. improve c. improving d. improved 55.Only one of these books is _. a. worth to read b. worth being read c. worth of reading d. worth reading 56. No one enjoys _ fun of in public. a. making b. being made c. make d. to be made 57. Forgive her _a careless mistake. a. to make b. make c. making d. made 58.I badly regret _ you more help before. a. having not given b. not having given c. not to have given d. not to give 59. Their German teacher is praised for devoting himself to _ for 40 years. a. teach b. be taught c. be teaching d. teaching 60. He objected to _in such a hurry. a. leave b. be left c. leaving d. be leaving . 答案与注释 46. 答案是c try to do sth.试图做某事 remember doing sth.记起作过某事 remember to do sth.记得要去作某事 47.答案是 d. judging by.按照，依据.来看。 48. 答案是b. 现在分词用做时间状语，句子的主语是它的逻辑主语，完成式表示该动作发生在位于动作之前。 49.答案是 c. keep doing sth.始终在作某事。keep不能与动词不定式连用。 50. 答案是a. remember doing sth.记起作过某事 remember to do sth.记得要去作某事 51. 答案是d. resent doing sth. 讨厌作某事，憎恶作某事。resent不能与动词不定式连用。 52. d 动词mind, enjoy, forgive后要求跟动名词。 53. c can’t help doing为固定搭配，意为"禁不住做." 54. c need +doing意思相当于need to be done 55. d worth doing意思相当于worthy of doing, 意为"值得干." 56. b. 因为表被动意思，所以选b. 57.c
58.b.regret doing表示遗憾已做. 59.d.devote oneself to和object to中的to为介词，后须接动名词。 60.c
58. b. regret doing表示遗憾已做. 59. d. devote oneself to和object to中的to为介词，后须接动名词。 60. c