Psychoactive Substance Related Disorders Wei Hao,MD.,Ph.D
Psychoactive Substance Related Disorders Wei Hao, MD., Ph.D
Terminology ◆substance,,drug ◆addiction ◆dependence ◆abuse ◆tolerance ◆withdrawal syndrome
Terminology substance, drug addiction dependence abuse tolerance withdrawal syndrome
Substances Substance is a group of chemicals that can alter human mind and behaviors.The word "substance"is generally preferable to the word "drug".In DSM-III- R system,“drug”is also called“psychoactive substances",but the DSM-IV refers to them simply as"substance'”. Illicit drugs are defined as a group of substances controlled by international and national laws,used for non-medical purpose,induding opiate,cocaine, amphetamine type stimulants (ATSs),cannabis, nallucinogens,etc
Substances Substance is a group of chemicals that can alter human mind and behaviors. The word “substance” is generally preferable to the word “drug”. In DSM-IIIR system, “drug” is also called “psychoactive substances” , but the DSM-IV refers to them simply as “substance” . Illicit drugs are defined as a group of substances controlled by international and national laws, used for non-medical purpose, including opiate, cocaine, amphetamine type stimulants (ATSs), cannabis, hallucinogens, etc
Addiction The term addiction describes a brain disorder,with progressive,chronic, relapsing characteristics that generally involves the compulsion,loss of control, and continued use substance,despite adverse consequences
Addiction The term addiction describes a brain disorder, with progressive, chronic, relapsing characteristics that generally involves the compulsion, loss of control, and continued use substance, despite adverse consequences
Dependence Basically,two concepts have been invoked regarding the definition of dependence: Psychological dependence:craving, compulsively substance-seeking activities and related evidence of pathological use patterns. Physical dependence:tolerance or withdrawal
Dependence Basically, two concepts have been invoked regarding the definition of dependence: Psychological dependence: craving, compulsively substance-seeking activities and related evidence of pathological use patterns. Physical dependence: tolerance or withdrawal
Tolerance After repeated exposure to drug,individuals require a larger dose to produce intoxication of the magnitude that was experienced when the drug was first administered. A need for markedly increased amounts of the substances to achieve intoxication or desired effect; Markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance
Tolerance After repeated exposure to drug, individuals require a larger dose to produce intoxication of the magnitude that was experienced when the drug was first administered. A need for markedly increased amounts of the substances to achieve intoxication or desired effect; Markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance
Withdrawal Syndrome A substance-specific syndrome occurred upon discontinuation or reduction of chronic administration of any substance(or administration of a specific antagonist); The syndrome is characterized by a spectrum of signs and symptoms that are generally opposite to those of pharmacological effects; The substance-specific syndrome causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,or other important areas of functioning
Withdrawal Syndrome A substance-specific syndrome occurred upon discontinuation or reduction of chronic administration of any substance (or administration of a specific antagonist); The syndrome is characterized by a spectrum of signs and symptoms that are generally opposite to those of pharmacological effects; The substance-specific syndrome causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
Abuse a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant adverse consequences,such as impairment or distress.There may be repeated failure to fulfill major role obligations,repeated use in situations in which it is physically hazardous,multiple legal problems,and recurrent social and interpersonal problems
Abuse a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant adverse consequences, such as impairment or distress. There may be repeated failure to fulfill major role obligations, repeated use in situations in which it is physically hazardous, multiple legal problems, and recurrent social and interpersonal problems
Major Classes of Substances Class Common examples Alcohol Beer,wine,whiskey,vodka,gin,spirits Amphetamine type Amphetamine,methamphetamine,diet pills, stimulants(ATSs) ecstasy Caffeine Coffee,tea, Cocaine Coca leaves or paste,cocaine alkaloid(crack) Cannabis Marijuana,hashish,THC Hallucinogens _SD,mescaline Nicotine Cigarettes,cigar Opiates Heroin,morphine,codeine,buprenorphine, methadone Sedatives,hypnotics,and Benzodiazepines,barbiturates anxiolytics
Major Classes of Substances Class Common examples Alcohol Beer, wine, whiskey, vodka, gin, spirits Amphetamine type stimulants (ATSs) Amphetamine, methamphetamine, diet pills, ecstasy Caffeine Coffee, tea, Cocaine Coca leaves or paste, cocaine alkaloid (crack) Cannabis Marijuana, hashish, THC Hallucinogens LSD, mescaline Nicotine Cigarettes, cigar Opiates Heroin, morphine, codeine, buprenorphine, methadone Sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics Benzodiazepines, barbiturates
Dried opium poppy Dret Opium Poppy
Dried opium poppy