beddows 10 Dlogemed and alexande Teaching objectives: Learning about Diogenes and his philosophy Cynicism with Alexander as a contrast Subject-verb inversion: Were I not Alexander, I would be Diogenes Live without conventions. which are artificial and false escape complexities and extravagances; only so ca you live a free life The+ comparative/superlative adjective (+ of phrase) the best of Greek culture the truer of the two memories (in lesson 9) Time distribution: 1. the first 2 period 2. The next 2 periods the exe oral discussion: Freedom and conventions Impulsive, informal and free Teaching procedures: f Background Knowled ge About the diogenes and his philosophy Definition: The Greek philosopher Diogenes of Sinope(. 412-C. 323 B.C. )was a Cynic --that is, a practitioner of the philosophy of Cynicism. Diogenes is said to have been homeless. to have begged or stolen what he needed to survive. and to have preferred to live without any luxuries One of the many anecdotes about Diogenes the Cynic is that when the philosopher was rude to Alexander the Great, Alexander responded by say ing that if he weren 't Alexander, he would want to be Diogenes. Diogenes and alexander the great are said to have died on the same day. Diogenes is depicted in art carry ing a lantern with which he is said to have vainly hunted by daylight for an honest man. Diogenes is also said to have worked minting coins with his father until he was 60, but was then exiled for debasing the coinage Diogenes was called Kynos - Greek for dog- for his lifestyle and contrariness. It was from this word for dog that we get the word cynic
1 Lesson 10 Diogenes and Alexander Teaching Objectives: ⚫ Learning about Diogenes and his philosophy Cynicism with Alexander as a contrast. ⚫ Grammar: Subject-verb inversion: Were I not Alexander, I would be Diogenes Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances; only so ca you live a free life. The+ comparative/superlative adjective (+ of phrase): the best of Greek culture; the truer of the two memories (in lesson 9) Time Distribution: 1. the first 2 periods: ⚫ text study ⚫ word study 2. The next 2 periods ⚫ all the Exercises ⚫ oral discussion: Freedom and conventions Impulsive, informal and free Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Introduction of Background Knowledge ⚫ About the Diogenes and his philosophy: Definition: The Greek philosopher Diogenes of Sinope (c. 412-c. 323 B.C.) was a Cynic -- that is, a practitioner of the philosophy of Cynicism. Diogenes is said to have been homeless, to have begged or stolen what he needed to survive, and to have preferred to live without any luxuries. One of the many anecdotes about Diogenes the Cynic is that when the philosopher was rude to Alexander the Great, Alexander responded by saying that if he weren't Alexander, he would want to be Diogenes. Diogenes and Alexander the Great are said to have died on the same day. Diogenes is depicted in art carrying a lantern with which he is said to have vainly hunted by daylight for an honest man. Diogenes is also said to have worked minting coins with his father until he was 60, but was then exiled for debasing the coinage. Diogenes was called Kynos -- Greek for dog -- for his lifestyle and contrariness. It was from this word for dog that we get the word Cynic
ogenes was a student of the philosopher Antisthenes, himself a student of Socrates main principles of their Cynic philosophy(Cynicism)were Self-sufficiency(ataraxia Living by personal example Exposing the falsehood of conventional thinking iving according to nature Alexander the great: There is nothing impossible to him who will ti Greek philosopher who founded the Cynic school of philosophy, stressing self-control and the pursuit of virtue He is said to have once wandered through the streets of Athens with a lantern, searching for an honest man Alexander and his accomplishments Step 2: Words and Phrases Learning Word Stud 1)mischief-mischievous a mischievous glance恶意的一瞥; a mischievous child淘气的孩子 2)elaborate a. Intricate and rich in detail---opposite to simple, plain an elaborate lace pattern复杂精美的花边图案 V(on)To express at greater length or in greater detail The chairman just wanted the facts; You don, t need to elaborate on them "主席只想了解事实你不必作详细说明 3)by choice: of one' s own(free)will; willingly By design: on purpose; by intention; intentionally 4)He was unanimously appointed commander-in-chief of an expedition against old rich and corrupt Asia Unanimously:adj一致同意的,无异议的,一个声调的全体一致的 The country is unanimous in its support of the government's polic 全国一致支持政府的政策。 Appoint: to select or designate to fill an office or position Ex: appointed her the chief operating officer of the company 5)Account: n( open a bank account) v. She could not account for her mistake.她无法解释其错误 I can't account for Peters un- happiness我说不出彼得不高兴的原因 How do you account for all the accidents in series?你怎么解释这接二连三地发生 的事故呢? I want you to account for each sum of the money you spent.我要你说明你所花掉的 每一笔钱的用途。 Can you account for the serial failures in our experiment?
2 Diogenes was a student of the philosopher Antisthenes, himself a student of Socrates. The main principles of their Cynic philosophy (Cynicism) were: • Self-sufficiency (ataraxia) • Living by personal example • Exposing the falsehood of conventional thinking • Exposing vice and conceit • Living according to nature. Alexander the Great : There is nothing impossible to him who will try. Greek philosopher who founded the Cynic school of philosophy, stressing self-control and the pursuit of virtue. He is said to have once wandered through the streets of Athens with a lantern, searching for an honest man. ** Alexander and his accomplishments Step 2: Words and Phrases Learning Word Study: 1) mischief-mischievous: a mischievous glance 恶意的一瞥; a mischievous child 淘气的孩子 2) elaborate a. Intricate and rich in detail---opposite to simple, plain an elaborate lace pattern 复杂精美的花边图案 v. (on)To express at greater length or in greater detail: The chairman just wanted the facts; You don't need to elaborate on them. "主席只想了解事实,你不必作详细说明。 3) by choice: of one's own (free) will; willingly By design: on purpose; by intention; intentionally 4) He was unanimously appointed commander-in-chief of an expedition against old rich and corrupt Asia. Unanimously: adj.一致同意的,无异议的,一个声调的,全体一致的 The country is unanimous in its support of the government's policy. 全国一致支持政府的政策。 Appoint: to select or designate to fill an office or position: Ex: appointed her the chief operating officer of the company. 5) Account: n. ( open a bank account) v. She could not account for her mistake.她无法解释其错误。 I can't account for Peter's un- happiness.我说不出彼得不高兴的原因。 How do you account for all the accidents in series? 你怎么解释这接二连三地发生 的事故呢? I want you to account for each sum of the money you spent. 我要你说明你所花掉的 每一笔钱的用途。 Can you account for the serial failures in our experiment?
6) a showdown:直接公开的解决争端:摊牌,最后一决胜负 An event, especially a confrontation, that forces an issue to a conclusion. Games)The laying down of the players' cards face up to determine the winner of the pot in poker 7)Bashful: Shy, self-conscious, and awkward in the presence of others Ex: She is bashful in doing [to do] anything 8)convert: To persuade or induce to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief convert pagans to Christianity; was converted to pacifism by the war 9)inhabit: v tr to live or reside in, dwell at or in To be present in; fill old child hood memories inhabited the attic a district sparsely inhabited人烟稀少的一个区 10)cynicism cynical cynicism originally means doggishness because Diogenes advocated a virtue to live like a dog. But today when we say sb is cynical we mean that this person is not willing to believe that people are sincere or honest in doing sth 11)elaborate adj. carefully worked out and rich in detail.(cf v. elaborate on...in lesson 9) elaborate meals elaborate machine, elaborate plan; elaborate hairstyle etc Phrases Study 1)Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic. He was one. but not the other Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free Because he 2)He had . done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain Attention to the euphemism in the sentence: do his business empty his bowel o pass water; Use the bathroom 3) garment: a technical term for any article of clothing. He used this general word for all kinds of garments such as shirt dress jacket vest or any others, which can serve as an example of his point of view of a simple life 4) He was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle He was the first who did so because he wanted to and did it based on a principle instead of being forced to I opened the box our of curiosity and found it filled with gold
3 6) A showdown: 直接公开的解决争端； 摊牌，最后一决胜负 An event, especially a confrontation, that forces an issue to a conclusion.(Games)The laying down of the players' cards face up to determine the winner of the pot in poker. 7) Bashful: Shy, self-conscious, and awkward in the presence of others. Ex: She is bashful in doing [to do] anything. 8) convert : To persuade or induce to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief: convert pagans to Christianity; was converted to pacifism by the war. 9) inhabit: v.tr. to live or reside in, dwell at or in To be present in; fill: Old childhood memories inhabited the attic. a district sparsely inhabited 人烟稀少的一个区 10) cynicism cynical cynicism originally means doggishness because Diogenes advocated a virtue to live like a dog. But today when we say sb is cynical we mean that this person is not willing to believe that people are sincere or honest in doing sth. 11) elaborate adj. carefully worked out and rich in detail.(cf v. elaborate on … in lesson 9) elaborate meals elaborate machine; elaborate plan; elaborate hairstyle etc. Phrases Study 1) Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic. He was one, but not the other. Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. = Because he ….. 2) He had…done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain. Attention to the euphemism in the sentence: do his business empty his bowel or pass water; Use the bathroom 3) garment: a technical term for any article of clothing. He used this general word for all kinds of garments such as shirtm dress jacket vest or any others, which can serve as an example of his point of view of a simple life. 4) He was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle. He was the first who did so because he wanted to and did it based on a principle instead of being forced to. I opened the box our of curiosity and found it filled with gold
She began to learn how to cook out of interest, not out of necessity mainly by setting an example for others, by doing 6) In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence Paraphrase: Man strives to get a certain amount of material properties or worldly possessions which actually have no value and will not last at the cost of his independence for he finally allowed himself to be controlled by his possessions 7)a large corps of scientists: a large group of people 8)He was the man of the hour, of the century the man of the hour: the most successful and influential person of the time present Pollution is one of the most serious issues of the 9)to toil and sweat: to work very hard for a long time Step 3: Discourse analvses Discuss on the technique of CONTRAST Between Diogenes and Alexander, the two legendary figures Between Diogenes and an ordinary beggar Between Diogenes and the other philosophers of his time * oral discussion: Cynicism and modern life. Should we adopt the codes of Cynicism? Why or why not? Step 4: Dealing with the possible problems asked by the students
4 She began to learn how to cook out of interest, not out of necessity. 5) he taught chiefly by example He taught mainly by setting an example for others, by doing. 6) In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence. Paraphrase: Man strives to get a certain amount of material properties or worldly possessions which actually have no value and will not last at the cost of his independence for he finally allowed himself to be controlled by his possessions. 7) a large corps of scientists: a large group of people 8) He was the man of the hour, of the century the man of the hour: the most successful and influential person of the time present Pollution is one of the most serious issues of the hour. 9) to toil and sweat: to work very hard for a long time Step 3: Discourse analyses: * Discuss on the technique of CONTRAST Between Diogenes and Alexander, the two legendary figures Between Diogenes and an ordinary beggar Between Diogenes and the other philosophers of his time ** oral discussion: Cynicism and modern life. Should we adopt the codes of Cynicism? Why or why not? Step 4: Dealing with the possible problems asked by the students