edca Eight 7entr“vve0mwma” s Teaching objectives: 1. Arouse students'awareness of the problems of egoism and altruism or the conflict between the concerns of the self and the needs. interests and welfare of others 2. Have a class discussion over what constitute moral actions 3. Eloquent remarks and epigrams by the author Time Distribution (6 hours) 1. The first 2 hours: introduction to background knowledge, key words and expressions 2. The next 2 hours detailed study of the text, language points and Comprehension exercises 3. The last 2 hour will be devoted to work on the text, including all the rest Exercises and oral discussion i Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Introduction to Background Knowledge about the autho Dr. Laura C. Schlessinger was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1947. she has a PhD. in physiology from Columbia University and a post-doctoral certification in marriage, family and child counseling from the University of Southern California, where, upon graduation, she becan a faculty member and taught for five years. Dr. Laura Schlessinger is the recipient of many national awards and the author of many New York Times best-sellers, including Parenthood by Proxy: Don t Have Them if You Won i Raise Them(2000); Ten Stupid Things Men Do to Mess Up Their Lives (1997); Ten Stupid Things Women Do to Mess Up Their Lives(1994); and How Could You Do That?! The Abdication of Character Courage and Conscience(1996), a book based on Schlessinger's conversation with her radio callers( She runs a very successful radio program. ) The present text is an excerpt taken from the last book listed here, with some adaptations about the text The author in this essay is addressing the problem of moral principles, towards which the authors views are clear and simple: Human beings are different from animals; unlike animals whose behaviors are prompted by instinct, humans act in accordance to their free will which in turn means the exercise of their moral judgment; therefore"Were only human cannot be used as an excuse for justifying our wrongdoings. To be a true human, we need three Cs: Character Courage and Conscience Step 2: Words and Phrases learning 1) An apt remark, description, or choice is especially suitable
1 Text A “We’re Only Human” Teaching Objectives: 1. Arouse students’ awareness of the problems of egoism and altruism or the conflict between the concerns of the self and the needs, interests and welfare of others. 2. Have a class discussion over what constitute moral actions. 3. Eloquent remarks and epigrams by the author. Time Distribution (6 hours): 1. The first 2 hours: introduction to background knowledge, key words and expressions 2. The next 2 hours: detailed study of the text, language points and Comprehension exercises. 3. The last 2 hour will be devoted to work on the text, including all the rest Exercises and oral discussion. Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Introduction to Background Knowledge About the author: Dr. Laura C. Schlessinger was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1947. she has a PhD. in physiology from Columbia University and a post-doctoral certification in marriage, family and child counseling from the University of Southern California, where, upon graduation, she became a faculty member and taught for five years. Dr. Laura Schlessinger is the recipient of many national awards and the author of many New York Times best-sellers, including Parenthood by Proxy: Don’t Have Them if You Won’t Raise Them (2000); Ten Stupid Things Men Do to Mess Up Their Lives (1997); Ten Stupid Things Women Do to Mess Up Their Lives (1994); and How Could You Do That?! The Abdication of Character, Courage and Conscience (1996), a book based on Schlessinger’s conversation with her radio callers (She runs a very successful radio program.). The present text is an excerpt taken from the last book listed here, with some adaptations. About the text The author in this essay is addressing the problem of moral principles, towards which the author’s views are clear and simple: Human beings are different from animals; unlike animals whose behaviors are prompted by instinct, humans act in accordance to their free will which in turn means the exercise of their moral judgment; therefore “We’re only human” cannot be used as an excuse for justifying our wrongdoings. To be a true human, we need three C’s: Character, Courage, and Conscience. Step 2: Words and Phrases Learning 1. apt 1) An apt remark, description, or choice is especially suitable
The words of this report are as apt today as in 1929 pt description of the situation. ADJ the beach in the aptly named town of oceanside ADV 2) If someone is apt to do something, they often do it and so it is likely that they will do it again. She was apt to raise her voice and wave her hands about ADJ: v-link adj to-inf conform If something conforms to something such as a law or someones wishes, it is of required type or quality The Night Rider lamp has been designed to conform to new British Standard safety VERB: Vto/with n If you conform, you behave in the way that you are expected or supposed to beha Many children who can't or don't conform are offen bullied. He did not feel obliged to conform to the rules that applied to ordinary men VERB: V.Vtohwith n ≠ rebel If someone or something conforms to a pattern or type, they are very similar to it I am well aware that we all conform to one stereotype or another VERB: Von con*form*ist Someone who is conformist behaves or thinks like everyone else rather than doing hings that are original He may have to become more conformist if he is to prosper again ADJ A conformist is someone who is conformist N-COUNT *form*ity If something happens in conformity with something such as a law or someones wishes, it happens as the law says it should, or as the person wants it to The prime minister is, in conformity with the constitution, chosen by the president N-UNCOUNT: oft in N with n Conformity means behaving in the same way as most other people Excessive conformity is usually caused by fear of disapprova N-UNCOUNT 3. innate word studv: innate in born inbred congenital hereditary These adjectives mean existing in a person or thing from birth or origin
2 The words of this report are as apt today as in 1929. ...an apt description of the situation. ADJ * apt*ly ...the beach in the aptly named town of Oceanside. ADV 2) If someone is apt to do something, they often do it and so it is likely that they will do it again. She was apt to raise her voice and wave her hands about... ADJ: v-link ADJ to-inf = liable 2. conform 1) If something conforms to something such as a law or someone's wishes, it is of the required type or quality. The Night Rider lamp has been designed to conform to new British Standard safety requirements... VERB: V to/with n 2) If you conform, you behave in the way that you are expected or supposed to behave. Many children who can't or don't conform are often bullied... He did not feel obliged to conform to the rules that applied to ordinary men... VERB: V, V to/with n ≠ rebel 3) If someone or something conforms to a pattern or type, they are very similar to it. I am well aware that we all conform to one stereotype or another... VERB: V to n con*form*ist Someone who is conformist behaves or thinks like everyone else rather than doing things that are original. He may have to become more conformist if he is to prosper again... ADJ A conformist is someone who is conformist. N-COUNT con*form*ity 1) If something happens in conformity with something such as a law or someone's wishes, it happens as the law says it should, or as the person wants it to. The prime minister is, in conformity with the constitution, chosen by the president. N-UNCOUNT: oft in N with n 2) Conformity means behaving in the same way as most other people. Excessive conformity is usually caused by fear of disapproval... N-UNCOUNT 3. innate word study: innate inborn inbred congenital hereditary These adjectives mean existing in a person or thing from birth or origin
Innate, inborn, and inbred are often used interchangeably 4 Inborn, however, is strongest in implying that something has been present since birth inborn intelligence 天生的智慧 an inborn sense of the appropriate.天生的对恰当的感觉。 4 What is inbred has either existed from birth or been ingrained through earliest training or associations. 另一个词 inbred既有与生俱来的意思同时又包含了从早期的训练或交往中积累而成的 an inbred love of music. 天生的对音乐的热爱 inbred superiority.天生的优势 t Something that is innate seems essential to the nature, character, or constitution Innate含有对性格、特性和体质的形成非常重要的意思: innate ho 天生的诚实; innate common sense. Congenital is applied principally to characteristics, especially defects acquired during fetal development 天生的常识。 Congenital-词主要用来修饰特征,尤指在胎儿成长过程中形成的缺陷: a congenital disease.先天的疾病。 t Hereditary refers to what is transmitted by biological heredity (a hereditary heart anomaly)or tradition 指通过生物遗传方式留传给后代(遗传性的心脏异常)或因传统而流传下来: That ignorance and superstitiousness hereditary to all sailors"(Herman Melville “无知和迷信对海员来说是传统遗留的”(赫尔曼·麦尔维尔) 4. reflex a reflex or a reflex action is something that you do automatically and without thinking. as a habit or as a reaction to something Walsh fumbled in his pocket, a reflex from his smoking days N-COUNT A reflex or a reflex action is a normal, uncontrollable reaction of your body to something that you feel, see, or experience. tests for reflexes, like tapping the knee or the heel with a rubber hammer N-COUNT Your reflexes are your ability to react quickly with your body when something unexpected happens, for example when you are involved in sport or when you are driving a car It takes great skill, cool nerves and the reflexes of an athlete N-PLURAL re*flex*ive a reflexive reaction or movement occurs immediately in response to something that happens (FORMAL that reflexive urge for concealment ADJ: usu aDj n
3 Innate, inborn, and inbred are often used interchangeably. Inborn, however, is strongest in implying that something has been present since birth: inborn intelligence; 天生的智慧； an inborn sense of the appropriate. 天生的对恰当的感觉。 What is inbred has either existed from birth or been ingrained through earliest training or associations: 另一个词 inbred既有与生俱来的意思同时又包含了从早期的训练或交往中积累而成的： an inbred love of music; 天生的对音乐的热爱； inbred superiority. 天生的优势。 Something that is innate seems essential to the nature, character, or constitution: innate 含有对性格、特性和体质的形成非常重要的意思： innate honesty; 天生的诚实； innate common sense. Congenital is applied principally to characteristics, especially defects, acquired during fetal development: 天生的常识。 Congenital一词主要用来修饰特征，尤指在胎儿成长过程中形成的缺陷： a congenital disease. 先天的疾病。 Hereditary refers to what is transmitted by biological heredity (a hereditary heart anomaly) or by tradition: 指通过生物遗传方式留传给后代(遗传性的心脏异常)或因传统而流传下来： “That ignorance and superstitiousness hereditary to all sailors” (Herman Melville). “无知和迷信对海员来说是传统遗留的”（赫尔曼·麦尔维尔） 4. reflex 1) A reflex or a reflex action is something that you do automatically and without thinking, as a habit or as a reaction to something. Walsh fumbled in his pocket, a reflex from his smoking days... N-COUNT 2) A reflex or a reflex action is a normal, uncontrollable reaction of your body to something that you feel, see, or experience. ...tests for reflexes, like tapping the knee or the heel with a rubber hammer. N-COUNT 3) Your reflexes are your ability to react quickly with your body when something unexpected happens, for example when you are involved in sport or when you are driving a car. It takes great skill, cool nerves and the reflexes of an athlete. N-PLURAL re*flex*ive A reflexive reaction or movement occurs immediately in response to something that happens. (FORMAL) ...that reflexive urge for concealment. ADJ: usu ADJ n
*fl ly ADV: usu adv with v reflexive pronoun反身代词 reflexive verb反身动词 Step 3: Language points/Discourse analysis: 1. Analyze the following sentences 1)I see being"human"as the unique opportunity to use our mind and will to act in ways that elevate us above the animal kingdom. (para. 2) 2).without which we are merely gigantic antis instinctively filling out our biologically determined destiny.(para. 4) esent participle phrase used as attributive 3)Also, it's profoundly satisfying to forgo immediate pleasures and benefit another person at some expense of the self, even if no one else knows youve done it, eliminating the investment concept of reciprocal altruism and _ restoring character to its rightful place in our Hves d as real su 2. Learn a very useful sentence structure is to life what broth is to soup. (para. 8) Courage is important to life as broth is to soup More examples People are to the revolutionary soldiers what water is to the fish The mighty is river to the nation what the chief blood artery is to a man The knowledge to the humans what the rain to the crop 3. Figure of speech: parallelism and antithesis The sentences in paragraph 28 sound like witty epigrams. Therefore, it's suitable for the students recite Step 4: Dealing with the possible problems asked by the students 1) Three were no longer individuals, just victims in groups.(para. 1) 2) Merely sustaining life is a vegetable state.( para. 17) 3)Thoroughly living life requires initiative, risk-taking sustained action against odds, sacrificing for ideals and for others, leaps of faith. ( para. 17
4 * re*flex*ive*ly He felt his head jerk reflexively. ADV: usu ADV with v reflexive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive verb 反身动词 Step 3: Language points/Discourse analysis: 1.Analyze the following sentences: 1) I see being “human” as the unique opportunity to use our mind and will to act in ways that elevate us above the animal kingdom. (para. 2) Gerund phrase used as the object of “see” 2) …without which we are merely gigantic antis instinctively filling out our biologically determined destiny. (para. 4) present participle phrase used as attributive 3) Also, it’s profoundly satisfying to forgo immediate pleasures and benefit another person at some expense of the self, even if no one else knows you’ve done it, eliminating the investment concept of reciprocal altruism and restoring character to its rightful place in our lives. Parenthetical part Gerund phrases used as real subject 2. Learn a very useful sentence structure: Courage is to life what broth is to soup. (para. 8) Courage is important to life as broth is to soup. More examples: People are to the revolutionary soldiers what water is to the fish. The mighty is river to the nation what the chief blood artery is to a man. The knowledge to the humans what the rain to the crops. 3. Figure of speech: parallelism and antithesis. The sentences in paragraph 28 sound like witty epigrams. Therefore, it’s suitable for the students to recite. Step 4: Dealing with the possible problems asked by the students How to paraphrase the following sentences: 1) Three were no longer individuals, just victims in groups. (para. 1) 2) Merely sustaining life is a vegetable state. (para. 17) 3) Thoroughly living life requires initiative, risk-taking, sustained action against odds, sacrificing for ideals and for others, leaps of faith. (para.17)
Step 5: Written exercises Title recommended To be a Well-rounded Human Step 6: Oral discussion(optionaL 1. What do you think about the text? Say something after studying the text 2. What constitute the moral actions? 3. Introduce some articles in newspaper, or some movies concerning moral issues for discussion
5 Step 5: Written exercises Title recommended: To be a Well-rounded Human Step 6: Oral discussion(optional) 1. What do you think about the text? Say something after studying the text. 2. What constitute the moral actions? 3. Introduce some articles in newspaper, or some movies concerning moral issues for discussion