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南京大学:《计算机问题求解》课程教学资源(课件讲稿)集合论 II 关系 Relation

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1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 魏恒峰 hfwei@nju.edu.cn 2019年12月03日 4口·¥①,43,t夏,里Q0 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日1/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 魏恒峰 hfwei@nju.edu.cn 2019 年 12 月 03 日 Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 1 / 51

Set Theory Foundation A Branch of Math- of Math- ematics ematies (Loglc) (a,b) A→B N,R ) AxB RC AxB Hengfeng Wei (hfweixinju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日2/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Set Theory A Branch of Math￾ematics N, R ℵ0 ω Foundation of Math￾ematics (+ Logic) (a, b) {} A × B R ⊆ A × B f : A → B Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 2 / 51

门店=种V方 DVx.2A 2 1E网门=程U为+三疗4a,,门 Figure 13.A selection of consitency axkomns over an execution [E,repl.obj,oper.rval;ro,vi, Auxiliary relations ameobj6f》←→cbe)=dbj门 LU有w1r4 Per-object (aka heopens-befure)order hbo [frof sameobi]Uvis]t Causality (aka happen-befure)oeder hb=[roUvis]+ =可国加=《者 a时imi EVENTUAL e∈E.(3 infiniely my∈E.ameobj(e,.fnA-e凸f》 THNA孩:ro Uvis is acyclic POCV (Per-Object Causal Visibility]:hbo C vis POCA (Per-Object Causal Arbimation):hhe C ar COCV (Crons-Ohject Causal Viibility::(hb n sameobj)C vis COCA (Cros-Object Causal Arbitralion:hb U ar is acyehe 0a0 Hengfeng Wei (hfwei&inju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日 3/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 3 / 51

. 门=种 2w,4 rm 1E网门=程U为+三疗4a,,门 Figure 13.A selection of consitency axkomns over an execution [E,repl.obj,oper.rval;ro,vis, Auxiliary relations ameobj(e,f》←→cbe)=dbj门 LU有w1r4 Per-object (aka heopens-befure)order hbo [frof sameobi]Uvis]t Causality (aka happen-before)oeder hb=(roUvis]+ =可m加=长《青 EVENTUAL e∈E.(3 infiniely my∈E.ameobj(e,.fnA-e凸f》 THINA孩:ro Uvis is acyclic POCV (Per-Object Causal Visibility]:hbo C vis POCA (Per-Object Causal Arbimation):hhe C ar COCV (Cros-Ohject Causal Viibility):(hbn sameobj)C vis 2 COCA (Cros-Object Causal Arbitralion:hb U ar is acyehe Hengfeng Wei (hfwei&inju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日 3/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 3 / 51

DON'T BE SCARED FOR CHILDREN BY WELL-LOVED AUTHORG B ARTISTB 4口·¥①,43,t夏,里Q0 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日4/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 4 / 51

I'm so excited. DON'T BE SCARED FOR CHILDREN BY WELL-LOVED AUTHORG B ARTISTB 4口·¥①,43,t夏,里Q0 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日4/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 4 / 51

Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A x B: RCAXB 4口,1①,43,t夏,3080 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日5/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A × B: R ⊆ A × B Definition (Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A × B of A and B is defined as A × B ≜ {(a, b) | a ∈ A ∧ b ∈ B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a, b) = (c, d) ⇐⇒ a = c ∧ b = d Q : Are you satisfied with the definitions above? Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 5 / 51

Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A x B: RCAXB Definition (Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A x B of A and B is defined as A×B≌{(a,b)|a∈A∧b∈B} 4口,1①,43,t夏,3080 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日5/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A × B: R ⊆ A × B Definition (Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A × B of A and B is defined as A × B ≜ {(a, b) | a ∈ A ∧ b ∈ B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a, b) = (c, d) ⇐⇒ a = c ∧ b = d Q : Are you satisfied with the definitions above? Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 5 / 51

Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A x B: RCAXB Definition(Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A x B of A and B is defined as A×B≌{(a,b)|a∈AAb∈B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a,b)=(c,d)→a=c∧b=d 4口,1①,43,t夏,3080 Hengfeng Wei (hfweixinju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日5/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A × B: R ⊆ A × B Definition (Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A × B of A and B is defined as A × B ≜ {(a, b) | a ∈ A ∧ b ∈ B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a, b) = (c, d) ⇐⇒ a = c ∧ b = d Q : Are you satisfied with the definitions above? Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 5 / 51

Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A x B: RCAXB Definition(Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A x B of A and B is defined as A×B≌{(a,b)|a∈AAb∈B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a,b)=(c,d)→a=c∧b=d Q:Are you satisfied with the definitions above? 4口,¥①,43,t豆,30Q0 Hengfeng Wei (hfweiinju.edu.cn)1-9 Set Theory (II):Relations 2019年12月03日5/51

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition (Relations) A relation R from A to B is a subset of A × B: R ⊆ A × B Definition (Cartesian Products) The Cartesian product A × B of A and B is defined as A × B ≜ {(a, b) | a ∈ A ∧ b ∈ B} Axiom (Ordered Pairs) (a, b) = (c, d) ⇐⇒ a = c ∧ b = d Q : Are you satisfied with the definitions above? Hengfeng Wei (hfwei@nju.edu.cn) 1-9 Set Theory (II): Relations 2019 年 12 月 03 日 5 / 51

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