普通昆虫学 General Entomology 如
普通昆虫学 General Entomology
绪论 Introduction 虫 ■古时为所有动物的总称。 ■《说文解字》:虫 物之微细,或行或飞,或毛或裸 或介或鳞,以虫为象 鳞、羽、裸、毛、介 例子 dragon, snake, tiger 昆虫 Insects: 昆:众多 昆虫:各种各样 Insect的总称。 昆虫的现代科学意义 Insect Entomologyis the study of insects
绪论Introduction ◼ 虫 ◼ 古时为所有动物的总称。 ◼ 《说文解字》：虫……，物之微细，或行或飞，或毛或裸， 或介或鳞，以虫为象…… ◼ 鳞、羽、裸、毛、介 ◼ 例子 ◼ dragon, snake, tiger …… ◼ 昆虫Insects： ◼ 昆：众多 ◼ 昆虫：各种各样Insect的总称。 ◼ 昆虫的现代科学意义 ◼ Insect ◼ Entomologyis the study of insects
节肢动物门 Arthropoda Arthro分节,poda—足 body covered with cuticle, Segmented animals 体被外骨骼,身体和附肢分节 Appendages: segmented Include: ■ insects ■ crustaceans arachnids ■ Myriapods
一、节肢动物门 Arthropoda ◼ Arthro—分节，poda—足 ◼ body covered with cuticle, Segmented animals . 体被外骨骼，身体和附肢分节 ◼ Appendages: segmented ◼ Include: ◼ insects ◼ crustaceans ◼ arachnids ◼ Myriapods
(一)蛛形纲 Arachnida Scorpion蝎, spider蜘蛛,and mitel 螨 bodies -- cephalothorax and abdomen head without antennae a usually bearing eight legs
（一）蛛形纲Arachnida ◼ Scorpion蝎, spider蜘蛛, and mite螨 ◼ bodies -- cephalothorax and abdomen. ◼ head without antennae. ◼ usually bearing eight legs
(二)甲壳纲 Crustacea a body- head, thorax, abdomen Head and thorax often closely jOined as cephalothorax ■2 pairs of antennae Usually at least 5 pairs of legs Abdomen having short appendages ■ Mostly hydrophilous shrimp 虾、 lobster龙虾、crab蟹
（二） 甲壳纲Crustacea ◼ Body -- head, thorax, abdomen ◼ Head and thorax often closely joined as cephalothorax; ◼ 2 pairs of antennae ◼ Usually at least 5 pairs of legs ◼ Abdomen having short appendages ◼ Mostly hydrophilous ◼ shrimp虾、lobster龙虾、crab蟹
(三)唇足纲 Chilopoda ■ centipedes蜈蚣 ■ a pair of antennae Bodies very long, each egmont with a pair of egs. The first pair appendages modified into poison claws
（三）唇足纲Chilopoda ◼ centipedes蜈蚣 ◼ a pair of antennae. ◼ Bodies very long, each segment with a pair of legs. ◼ The first pair appendages modified into poison claws
(四)重足纲 Diplopoda millipedes马陆. ■ body segments fused into pairs Each apparent segment has two pairs of appendages
（四）重足纲 Diplopoda ◼ millipedes马陆. ◼ body segments fused into pairs ◼ Each apparent segment has two pairs of appendages
(五)昆虫纲 Insecta 1. Bodies into cephalic thoracic and abdominal regions 2. Head carries Thorax Compound Eye mouth Ocellus Abdomen art. one pair Antenna of antennae Mandible 3. Usually with 3 pair of labu Trochanter Maxilla and Labium and maxillary palp legs and a pair of labial palp Tibia Wings in the adult
（五）昆虫纲Insecta 1. Bodies into cephalic, thoracic and abdominal regions. 2. Head carries mouthpart, one pair of antennae. 3. Usually with 3 pair of legs and a pair of wings in the adult
4. The genital aperture is located posteriorly on the abdomen 生殖孔位于腹末。 5. Metamorphosis 变态发育
◼ 4. The genital aperture is located posteriorly on the abdomen. 生殖孔位于腹末。 ◼ 5. Metamorphosis 变态发育
二、昆虫的特点 1、种类多 KNOWN DIVERSITY OF MAJOR GROUPS 80%o of the species on Earth Proteon 29 Crustacea 2 Nematoda惱 are insects. 85%o remain Chordata 39 Mollusca 306 undescribed ungi 4% Arachnida 4% 全世界已知动物150万种, Insecta 53% 昆虫100万种。 估计昆虫有300万种,有人 估计有500,1000,3000, Tracheophyta 18 6000万种之多
二、昆虫的特点 ◼ 1、种类多 ◼ 80% of the species on Earth, are insects, 85% remain undescribed. ◼ 全世界已知动物150万种， 昆虫100万种。 ◼ 估计昆虫有300万种，有人 估计有500，1000，3000， 6000万种之多