若(1)mxx=∑cx,则令z=-xn目标函数化为:mnz=∑(-c1)x两个模型的最优解相同,最优目标值有关系:

一．一． 重要概念 理想气体，分压，分体积，临界参数，压缩因子，对比状态 二．二． 重要关系式 (1) 理想气体：pV=nRT , n = m/M (2) 分压或分体积： pB=cBRT＝p yB (3) 压缩因子： Z = pV/RT

1 T形截面铸铁梁受力如图，许用拉应力[ ] 40 MPa σ t = ，许用压应力[ ] 60 MPa σ c = ，已知 12 kN， kN， m F 1 = F 2 = 4.5 8 765 10− I z = × 4 ， y1 = 52 mm ， y2 = 88 mm 。不考虑弯曲切 应力，试校核梁的强度

19计算=9(x,)dd9:=(c0),+及z=0所围成的在第一卦限的区域

Transform-Domain Representation of Discrete-Time Signals Three useful representations of discrete-time sequences in the transform domain: Discrete-time Fourier Transform (DTFT) Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) z-Transform

the Transform Domain An LTI discrete-time system is completely characterized in the time-domain by its impulse response {h[n]} We consider now the use of the DTFT and the z-transform in developing the transform￾domain representations of an LTI system

It is nearly impossible to design a linear￾phase IIR transfer function It is always possible to design an FIR transfer function with an exact linear-phase response Consider a causal FIR transfer function H(z) of length N+1, i.e., of order N:

Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations A causal LTI digital filter is BIBO stable if and only if its impulse response h[n] is absolutely summable, i.e., We now develop a stability condition in terms of the pole locations of the transfer function H(z)

The dtft provides a frequency-domain representation of discrete-time signals and lti discrete-time systems Because of the convergence condition, in many cases. the dtft of a sequence may not exist as a result. it is not possible to make use of such frequency-domain characterization in these cases Copyright C 2001, S K. Mitra

一、傅立叶变换－离散时间傅立叶变换（Discrete-Time Fourier Transform，DTFT)（定义、收敛条件、性质）– 离散傅立叶变换（Discrete Fourier Transform，DFT)（定义、性质） 二、Z变换（定义、收敛条件、逆变换、性质）