Trichuris trichiuraWhip worm Life Cycle:1. Site of inhabitation: cecum2. Infective stage: embryonic egg3. Infective mode and route: passively swallowed by the mouth4.WithoutintermediatehostandreservoirhostHeavyinfection1.Chronicdiarrhea2.develop rectal prolapse, more likely to occur in small children.3.malnourishedandanemic
Trichuris trichiura Whip worm Life Cycle: 1. Site of inhabitation: cecum 2. Infective stage: embryonic egg 3. Infective mode and route: passively swallowed by the mouth 4. Without intermediate host and reservoir host Heavy infection 1.Chronic diarrhea, 2.develop rectal prolapse, more likely to occur in small children. 3. malnourished and anemic
EnterobiusvermicularisPinwormLife cycle:1.site ofinhabitation:cecum and colon2.infective stage: embryonated egg3.infectiveroute:bymouth4.without intermediate host and reservoirhost1.Major symptom is anal pruritus2. Restlessness, nervousness, grinding of teeth, andirritability3. Ectopic parasitism may happen to cause uro-genitalinflammations
Enterobius vermicularis Pinworm Life cycle: 1. site of inhabitation: cecum and colon 2. infective stage: embryonated egg 3. infective route: by mouth 4. without intermediate host and reservoir host 1. Major symptom is anal pruritus 2. Restlessness, nervousness, grinding of teeth, and irritability 3. Ectopic parasitism may happen to cause uro-genital inflammations
Hookworms p230:Two major species of hookwormsinfect man, their Scientific Names are:Necator americanus:or American hookwormnew world hook wormAncylostoma duodenaleor Asian hookwormold world hook worm
Hookworms p230: Two major species of hookworms infect man, their Scientific Names are: Necator americanus: or American hookworm new world hook worm Ancylostoma duodenale or Asian hookworm old world hook worm
General Introduction:(1)1. World-wide distribution, There are about 900million infections in the world.2. A.duodenale is prevalent in Southern Europe,North Africa, Northern Asia3. N.americanus is the predominant species in theWestern Hemisphere and equatorial Africa.4. Many areas are endemic for both species5. Human intestinal nematode of smaller sizeinhabit the small intestine and feed upon blood&villi
General Introduction:(1) 1. World-wide distribution, There are about 900 million infections in the world. 2. A.duodenale is prevalent in Southern Europe， North Africa, Northern Asia. 3. N.americanus is the predominant species in the Western Hemisphere and equatorial Africa. 4. Many areas are endemic for both species. 5. Human intestinal nematode of smaller size, inhabit the small intestine and feed upon blood & villi
Morphology: Adults (1)They look like an odd piece thread and are about 1cm. Theyare white or light pinkish when living. is slightly largerthan .The male's posterior end is expanded to form acopulatorybursa2CO0S1SAdults of A.duodenaleAdults of N. americanus
Morphology: Adults (1) They look like an odd piece thread and are about 1cm. They are white or light pinkish when living. ♀is slightly larger than♂.The male’s posterior end is expanded to form a copulatory bursa. Adults of A. duodenale Adults of N. americanus
Differences between two hookwormsAdults ofA.duodenaleAdults ofN.americanusLarger,look like“C"Smaller,like“S
Adults of A. duodenale Larger, look like “ C ” Adults of N. americanus Smaller, like “ S ” Differences between two hookworms
AncviostomaduodenaleFemaleMaleMorphology: Adults(1Ancvlostoma duodenaleCFemale:10-13 X 0.6 mmMales8-11 X 0.4 mm2mmPeterDarben
Morphology: Adults(1) Ancylostoma duodenale Female: 10-13 X 0.6 mm Males 8-11 X 0.4 mm
Morphology: Adults (2)NecatoramericanusMaleFemaleNecator americanusFemale:9-11 x 0.4 mmMales:7-9 X 0.3 mm1mm1mmPeter Darben
Morphology: Adults (2) Necator americanus Female: 9-11 X 0.4 mm Males: 7-9 X 0.3 mm
Morphology:Adults (3)Anterior end of an adultof A.duodenaleThe mouth capsulecontains 2 pairs of teeth(Scanning electronmicrograph)Anoostomaduodenale
Morphology:Adults(3) Anterior end of an adult of A.duodenale The mouth capsule contains 2 pairs of teeth. （Scanning electron micrograph）
Morphology: Adults (4)Anterior end of an adultof Necator americanusThe mouth capsulecontains 1 pairs ofcutting plates(Scanning electronmicrograph)
Morphology: Adults (4) Anterior end of an adult of Necator americanus The mouth capsule contains 1 pairs of cutting plates. （Scanning electron micrograph）