《卫生经济学》课程参考文献（WHO年度报告）：World Health Report 2003_Shaping the Future_Annex5-en

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170 The World Health Report 2003 Statistical Annex 171 Member State Total expenditure General government Private expenditure General government on health expenditure on health as % of on health as % of expenditure on health as % of as % of GDP total expenditure on health total expenditure on health total government expenditure 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Annex Table 5 Selected national health accounts indicators: measured levels of expenditure on health, 1997–2001 Figures computed by WHO to assure comparability;a they are not necessarily the official statistics of Member States, which may use alternative rigorous methods. Member State External resources for health Social security expenditure Out-of-pocket expenditure Private prepaid plans as % of total on health as % of general govenment as % of private as % of private expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1 Afghanistan 5.6 5.5 5.5 5 5.2 50 52.8 53.1 53.8 52.6 50 47.2 46.9 46.2 47.4 14 14.6 14.8 13.5 11.8 2 Albania 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.7 61.2 61.9 62.3 63.9 64.6 38.8 38.1 37.7 36.1 35.4 7.8 6.9 6.9 7.7 7.3 3 Algeria 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.1 71.7 70.5 69.6 70.6 75 28.3 29.5 30.4 29.4 25 7.9 8.2 8.5 9.3 9.9 4 Andorra 5.7 7.8 5.9 5.5 5.7 71.5 78.6 71.6 70.1 71 28.5 21.4 28.4 29.9 29 32.5 39.2 31.8 32 26.3 5 Angola 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.5 4.4 45.2 39.8 44.3 55.8 63.1 54.8 60.2 55.7 44.2 36.9 4.6 2.5 2.4 3.3 5.5 6 Antigua and Barbuda 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.6 61.9 62.5 61.3 59.9 60.9 38.1 37.5 38.7 40.1 39.1 14.2 14.5 13.9 14.1 13 7 Argentina 8.1 8.2 9 8.9 9.5 55.5 55.2 56.2 55.2 53.4 44.5 44.8 43.8 44.8 46.6 22.9 22.6 23.3 22 21.3 8 Armenia 7.1 7.1 7.9 8 7.8 35.2 36.8 41 40.2 41.2 64.8 63.2 59 59.8 58.8 9.4 10.8 10.5 10.6 11.5 9 Australia 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.2 67.8 68.2 69.1 68.9 67.9 32.2 31.8 30.9 31.1 32.1 15.8 16.2 16.8 16.5 16.8 10 Austria 8 8 8 8 8 70.9 71.4 70 69.7 69.3 29.1 28.6 30 30.3 30.7 10.4 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.7 11 Azerbaijan 2.2 2.3 2 1.7 1.6 73.4 73.1 70.3 67.9 66.9 26.6 26.9 29.7 32.1 33.1 8.8 11 8 7.3 7.2 12 Bahamas 5.4 5.6 5.4 5.7 5.7 55.6 57.6 57.4 56.8 57 44.4 42.4 42.6 43.2 43 13.7 15.3 15 15.9 15.1 13 Bahrain 4.8 5 4.8 4.1 4.1 70.5 69.7 69.3 69.1 69 29.5 30.3 30.7 30.9 31 11.9 11.5 11.4 10.8 10.8 14 Bangladesh 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.6 3.5 33.7 36 36.9 45.3 44.2 66.3 64 63.1 54.7 55.8 5.6 5.9 6.3 8.6 8.7 15 Barbados 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.5 65.2 65.6 65.7 65.9 66.3 34.8 34.4 34.3 34.1 33.7 11.7 11.8 12 12 11.5 16 Belarus 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.4 5.6 87.2 86.1 85.5 85.4 86.7 12.8 13.9 14.5 14.6 13.3 11.6 11.9 11.7 13.1 14.2 17 Belgium 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.9 71.5 72 72.2 72.1 71.7 28.5 28 27.8 27.9 28.3 11.7 11.9 12.3 12.6 13 18 Belize 4.7 4.9 5.1 5 5.2 51 51.7 48.6 48 45.1 49 48.3 51.4 52 54.9 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.3 5 19 Benin 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.4 34 36.5 38.6 43.3 46.9 66 63.5 61.4 56.7 53.1 6.7 8.5 8.7 8.9 10.9 20 Bhutan 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.9 90.4 90.3 89.6 90.6 90.6 9.6 9.7 10.4 9.4 9.4 10.1 9.6 8.3 9.2 7.5 21 Bolivia 4.7 5 5.2 5.2 5.3 63.9 65.6 66.1 67 66.3 36.1 34.4 33.9 33 33.7 9.1 10 10.4 10.3 10.3 22 Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.7 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.5 52.4 40.2 39.4 39.7 36.8 47.6 59.8 60.6 60.3 63.2 12.6 11.7 9.4 9.1 9.6 23 Botswana 5.7 5.5 6 6 6.6 58.8 59.7 60.6 62 66.2 41.2 40.3 39.4 38 33.8 7.8 7.2 7.4 8.4 7.6 24 Brazil 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.6 7.6 43.5 44 42.8 40.8 41.6 56.5 56 57.2 59.2 58.4 9.1 9 9.3 8.4 8.8 25 Brunei Darussalam 2.8 3 3.2 3.1 3.1 79.4 81.3 79.4 80 79.4 20.6 18.7 20.6 20 20.6 4.5 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.1 26 Bulgaria 4.7 3.9 5 4.8 4.8 82.8 79.4 83.7 82.5 82.1 17.2 20.6 16.3 17.5 17.9 10 8.1 10.5 9.3 9.3 27 Burkina Faso 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.5 3 67.1 65.3 66.6 63.5 60.1 32.9 34.7 33.4 36.5 39.9 9.6 9.6 8.8 8.1 8.1 28 Burundi 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.6 50.3 53.8 55.3 55.6 59 49.7 46.2 44.7 44.4 41 7.5 7.7 8.4 7.1 8.1 29 Cambodia 10.9 10.8 10.8 11.8 11.8 10.2 10.1 10.1 14.2 14.9 89.8 89.9 89.9 85.8 85.1 12.5 11.8 11.3 15.7 16 30 Cameroon 3.7 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.3 21.2 19.2 22.8 33.7 37.1 78.8 80.8 77.2 66.3 62.9 5.2 4.1 4.4 7.9 7.8 31 Canada 8.9 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.5 70 70.7 70.4 70.9 70.8 30 29.3 29.6 29.1 29.2 13.9 14.4 15 15.5 16.2 32 Cape Verde 3.1 3.5 3 3.1 3.7 68.5 73 69.8 70 74.2 31.5 27 30.2 30 25.8 5 7.1 5.6 6.1 8.8 33 Central African Republic 3.6 4 4.1 4.3 4.5 37.9 44.4 48 49.2 51.2 62.1 55.6 52 50.8 48.8 8.4 9 10.1 13.9 18.5 34 Chad 2.8 2.3 2.7 3.1 2.6 78.1 72.7 75 78.7 76 21.9 27.3 25 21.3 24 12.5 10.8 11.2 12.2 15.2 35 Chile 6.6 6.9 6.8 6.8 7 37.8 39.6 40.8 42.6 44 62.2 60.4 59.2 57.4 56 12.1 12.4 11.8 11.9 12.7 36 China 4.6 4.8 5.1 5.3 5.5 40 39 38 36.6 37.2 60 61 62 63.4 62.8 14.2 13.3 11.8 10.8 10.2 37 Colombia 7.7 5.8 6.4 5.5 5.5 47.7 60.2 62 67.3 65.7 52.3 39.8 38 32.7 34.3 14.5 13 12.9 12.7 10.8 38 Comoros 3.1 3 3.1 3.1 3.1 60.3 58.6 59.6 59.7 60 39.7 41.4 40.4 40.3 40 5.9 5.1 5.8 5.7 5.8 39 Congo 3 3.1 2.6 2 2.1 70.3 76.9 70.6 73.3 63.8 29.7 23.1 29.4 26.7 36.2 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.7 40 Cook Islands 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.6 4.7 72.7 71.9 65.1 64.4 67.6 27.3 28.1 34.9 35.6 32.4 9.5 9.2 9.1 8.6 8.9 41 Costa Rica 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.9 7.2 70.7 67.6 68.5 68.5 68.5 29.3 32.4 31.5 31.5 31.5 20.8 20.5 20.1 20.4 19.5 42 Côte d’Ivoire 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.2 19 19.2 20 15.4 16 81 80.8 80 84.6 84 5.4 5.9 6.4 5.3 6 43 Croatia 8.1 8.8 8.9 9.4 9 80.5 81.8 82.6 83.2 81.8 19.5 18.2 17.4 16.8 18.2 13.2 13.7 13.4 14.4 12.8 44 Cuba 6.6 6.6 7.1 7.1 7.2 83.7 84.7 85.5 85.8 86.2 16.3 15.3 14.5 14.2 13.8 10 10.3 11.1 10.8 11.4 45 Cyprus 8.3 8.1 7.6 8 8.1 50.3 52 50.6 48.7 47.7 49.7 48 49.4 51.3 52.3 11.4 11.4 10.9 10.7 10.2 46 Czech Republic 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.4 91.7 91.9 91.5 91.4 91.4 8.3 8.1 8.5 8.6 8.6 14 13.6 13.9 13.9 14.1 47 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 2.2 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.5 71.4 76.9 75.3 73.5 73.4 28.6 23.1 24.7 26.5 26.6 3.5 3.3 3.2 2.9 3 48 Democratic Republic of Congo 3.3 3 3.1 3.2 3.5 47.1 41.7 41.5 44.7 44.4 52.9 58.3 58.5 55.3 55.6 10.3 8.3 8.7 9.7 10.3 49 Denmark 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.2 8.4 82.3 82 82.2 82.5 82.4 17.7 18 17.8 17.5 17.6 11.7 11.9 12.4 12.6 12.8 50 Djibouti 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.1 7 58.1 58 58.4 58.4 58.8 41.9 42 41.6 41.6 41.2 11.8 12.5 12.4 12.5 13.7 51 Dominica 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.8 6 75 74.7 74.3 71.5 71.3 25 25.3 25.7 28.5 28.7 11.8 11.8 12.8 12.8 10.5 52 Dominican Republic 5.8 5.8 5.7 6.2 6.1 32 31.4 32.2 35.4 36.1 68 68.6 67.8 64.6 63.9 12.2 11.8 11.3 14.6 13.5 53 Ecuador 4.4 4.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 53.3 50.3 55.6 55.2 50.3 46.7 49.7 44.4 44.8 49.7 10.4 10.7 9 9.3 9.6 54 Egypt 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.9 45.9 46 46.4 46.1 48.9 54.1 54 53.6 53.9 51.1 5.9 6.5 6.2 6.5 7.4 55 El Salvador 8.1 8.2 8 8 8 38.7 42.5 43.5 45.1 46.7 61.3 57.5 56.5 54.9 53.3 22.6 24.2 25.1 25 24 1 Afghanistan 9.1 3.7 4.4 14.8 11.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 2 Albania 9.4 7.4 5.1 7 3.4 20.6 24.2 22.5 18.5 19.3 65.1 61.2 63.3 65 65.3 34.1 38 36 34.3 33.9 3 Algeria 0.2 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 46.9 45.2 43.5 39.9 37.4 91.9 91.6 92 91.1 89.9 4.1 4.2 4 4.2 5.1 4 Andorra 0 0 0 0 0 78.6 60 87.5 88.1 86.2 95.5 95.2 95.6 96.1 92.6 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 5 Angola 9.4 5.6 8.7 14.3 14.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 6 Antigua and Barbuda 2.4 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 7 Argentina 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 61 60.2 59 59.5 58.6 63.2 63.8 64 63.3 62.4 33.4 32 31.9 32.6 31.1 8 Armenia 4.5 5.2 2.2 2 3.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 9 Australia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.7 57.6 59.3 60.4 59.6 27.8 24 21.3 23.4 24.2 10 Austria 0 0 0 0 0 59.8 59.8 60.6 61 61.7 59.4 58.7 60.7 61.3 61.3 26.6 25.6 23.8 23.2 23.3 11 Azerbaijan 1.5 1.7 2.5 4.7 7.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 90.5 97.7 0 0 0 0 2.3 12 Bahamas 0 0 0 0 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 13 Bahrain 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 70.7 70.1 70.1 70 69.3 25.4 26.2 26 26.3 27.2 14 Bangladesh 10 12.6 11.8 13.8 13.3 0 0 0 0 0 94 93 93.2 93.2 93.2 0 0 0 0 0 15 Barbados 4.9 4.5 4.2 4 4.6 0 0 0 0 0 75.8 76.3 77 77.3 76.6 24.2 23.7 23 22.7 23.4 16 Belarus 0.1 0 0 0 0 19 20.8 19.9 22.8 24.8 100 100 100 99.6 99.7 0 0 0 0.4 0.3 17 Belgium 0 0 0 0 0 89.5 89.3 86.6 82.2 77.6 48.8 50.6 49.6 58.4 58.8 7.1 7.4 7.3 7.1 6.8 18 Belize 5.5 3.6 3.1 2.9 6.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 19 Benin 20.9 20.1 20.4 21.3 21.5 0 0 0 0 0 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 20 Bhutan 32.1 30.6 29.2 42 38.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 21 Bolivia 6 5.2 9.6 12.1 12.2 65.3 64.8 62 66.7 66.3 85.7 85.7 85.5 85.4 85.7 7.8 7.8 8.1 7.9 7.7 22 Bosnia and Herzegovina 15 8 6.2 7.9 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 23 Botswana 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 26.3 28.8 30.3 30.8 35.3 24.1 23.8 22.7 20.8 20.5 24 Brazil 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 66.9 66.9 67.1 64.9 64.1 33.1 33.1 32.9 35.1 35.9 25 Brunei Darussalam n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 26 Bulgaria 0.1 0 0.2 2.5 2.1 7.7 11.3 7.8 9.7 30.1 100 100 100 100 98 00000 27 Burkina Faso 32.5 24.7 26.4 23.9 25.6 0 0 0 0 0 99.6 97.3 97.4 97.4 97.4 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 28 Burundi 30.5 35.2 39.6 40.4 43.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 29 Cambodia 13.5 12 13.4 18.8 19.7 0 0 0 0 0 89.9 90.2 90.1 85.4 84.6 0 0 0 0 0 30 Cameroon 5.9 6 6.1 5.7 6.3 0 0 0 0 0 87 85.5 84.1 81.9 81.6 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 31 Canada 0 0 0 0 0 1.8 1.8 1.9 2 2 56 55.2 55.3 54.3 52.3 36.5 38.4 37.6 39.1 39.3 32 Cape Verde 12.9 13.5 7.2 9.7 20.3 0 0 0 0 0 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 33 Central African Republic 14.7 25.4 28.4 30.8 32.4 0 0 0 0 0 95.2 95.3 95.1 95.5 95.4 0 0 0 0 0 34 Chad 66.9 58.7 65.2 59.7 62.9 0 0 0 0 0 80.4 80.6 82 81.6 80.9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 35 Chile 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 83.6 75.7 77.3 71.8 71.8 66.2 66.2 65.5 59.7 59.6 33.7 33.7 34.5 40.2 40.3 36 China 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 58 53 51.4 50.7 50.7 94.2 94 94.9 95.2 95.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 37 Colombia 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 16.7 22.8 20.2 19.6 25 85 76.2 73.2 65.1 65.2 15 23.8 26.8 34.8 34.8 38 Comoros 58.5 44 44.5 42.9 39.9 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 39 Congo 3.1 3.6 4.7 4 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 40 Cook Islands 0.2 33.4 26.8 25.4 23.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 41 Costa Rica 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.3 88.1 89.8 89.6 90.2 90.8 90.1 91.5 91.6 91.8 92.1 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 42 Côte d’Ivoire 2.6 3.1 6 2.1 3.2 0 0 0 0 0 87 88.1 88.1 89.2 89.7 13 11.9 11.9 10.8 10.3 43 Croatia 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 86.6 91.7 97.9 97.8 94.9 100 100 100 100 100 00000 44 Cuba 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 72.8 78.5 76 75.6 76.8 0 0 0 0 0 45 Cyprus 0 0 0 0 2.3 44.7 44.6 47.3 48.1 48.2 98.2 98.8 98.4 97.9 98 1.8 1.2 1.6 2.1 2 46 Czech Republic 0 0 0 0 0 89.5 90.2 89.4 89.4 86.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 47 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea n/a 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 48 Democratic Republic of Congo 11 12.6 5.7 6.6 18 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 49 Denmark 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 92.1 92 90.4 90.9 90.8 7.9 8 9.6 9.1 9.2 50 Djibouti 29.3 29.2 29.4 29.5 30 0 0 0 0 0 53.7 54.5 54.1 53.9 55.2 0 0 0 0 0 51 Dominica 3.2 2.3 2.1 1.3 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 52 Dominican Republic 1.5 3.2 3.2 2.5 1.8 26.8 21.4 20.3 22.4 22.6 88.6 88.4 88.4 88.4 88.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 53 Ecuador 2.1 1.8 3.2 3.2 1.9 32.8 36 37.9 38.7 45.3 74.3 74.3 71.6 72.7 73.8 7.8 7.8 9.4 8.3 9.5 54 Egypt 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.8 2 28 28.4 29.5 29.5 29.7 91.5 91.6 91.9 92 92.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 55 El Salvador 3.4 2.9 1.5 0.9 0.9 43.3 41.7 44 44.2 44.5 95.4 94 90.2 95.6 94.9 4.4 5.8 9.6 4.2 4.9

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172 The World Health Report 2003 Statistical Annex 173 Member State Total expenditure General government Private expenditure General government on health expenditure on health as % of on health as % of expenditure on health as % of as % of GDP total expenditure on health total expenditure on health total government expenditure 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Annex Table 5 Selected national health accounts indicators: measured levels of expenditure on health, 1997–2001 Figures computed by WHO to assure comparability;a they are not necessarily the official statistics of Member States, which may use alternative rigorous methods. Member State External resources for health Social security expenditure Out-of-pocket expenditure Private prepaid plans as % of total on health as % of general govenment as % of private as % of private expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 56 Equatorial Guinea 3 4.1 2.8 2.1 2 63.1 62 61.9 62.5 60.4 36.9 38 38.1 37.5 39.6 10.4 8.3 9.9 10 10 57 Eritrea 4.4 5 5.4 5.6 5.7 65.8 66.1 67.6 67.2 65.1 34.2 33.9 32.4 32.8 34.9 5.3 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 58 Estonia 5.5 6 6.5 5.9 5.5 86.7 86.4 80.4 76.8 77.8 13.3 13.6 19.6 23.2 22.2 12.6 13.4 12.7 12.4 12.1 59 Ethiopia 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.6 37.9 39.3 37.7 34.5 40.5 62.1 60.7 62.3 65.5 59.5 5.8 5.9 4.3 3.2 4.9 60 Fiji 3.9 4.1 3.7 3.9 4 66.7 65.4 65.2 65.2 67.1 33.3 34.6 34.8 34.8 32.9 7.4 6.9 7.5 7.2 6.9 61 Finland 7.3 6.9 6.9 6.6 7 76.1 76.3 75.3 75.1 75.6 23.9 23.7 24.7 24.9 24.4 9.8 10 10 10.3 10.7 62 France 9.4 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.6 76.2 76 76 75.8 76 23.8 24 24 24.2 24 13 13.1 13.2 13.4 13.7 63 Gabon 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.6 65.6 66.8 64.9 50.2 47.9 34.4 33.2 35.1 49.8 52.1 5.9 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.3 64 Gambia 6.1 7.1 6.7 6.3 6.4 47.2 42.9 46.9 46.8 49.4 52.8 57.1 53.1 53.2 50.6 11.3 13.2 13.8 13.3 13.6 65 Georgia 2.9 2.4 2.5 3.4 3.6 39.9 45.4 37.6 33.5 37.8 60.1 54.6 62.4 66.5 62.2 5.3 5.1 4.3 5.9 6.7 66 Germany 10.7 10.6 10.7 10.6 10.8 75.3 74.8 74.8 75 74.9 24.7 25.2 25.2 25 25.1 16.3 16.3 16.3 17.3 16.6 67 Ghana 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.7 47.6 53.8 53.9 55.9 59.6 52.4 46.2 46.1 44.1 40.4 9.4 9 9.2 8.1 8.6 68 Greece 9.4 9.4 9.6 9.4 9.4 52.8 52.1 53.4 56.1 56 47.2 47.9 46.6 43.9 44 10.8 10.5 11 10.8 11.2 69 Grenada 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.3 66.1 65.8 69.7 70.1 71.9 33.9 34.2 30.3 29.9 28.1 10.6 11.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 70 Guatemala 3.8 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.8 37.2 47.4 48.3 47.6 48.3 62.8 52.6 51.7 52.4 51.7 11.3 14 15.5 16.3 15.7 71 Guinea 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.5 56.3 51.4 55.3 53.4 54.1 43.7 48.6 44.7 46.6 45.9 9.3 9.6 9.4 10.9 11.3 72 Guinea-Bissau 5.4 5.5 5.9 6.1 5.9 43.2 44.5 48.5 55.3 53.8 56.8 55.5 51.5 44.7 46.2 7.3 9.8 9.1 7.7 7.4 73 Guyana 4.8 5 4.8 5.1 5.3 83.5 83.4 84 82.7 79.9 16.5 16.6 16 17.3 20.1 9.3 9.3 9.1 9.3 9.3 74 Haiti 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.8 5 51.7 49.9 51 50.7 53.4 48.3 50.1 49 49.3 46.6 12 11.7 11 12.3 14.1 75 Honduras 5.4 5.6 5.6 6 6.1 53 53.8 51.8 53.5 53.1 47 46.2 48.2 46.5 46.9 13.7 14.6 13.7 13.6 13.8 76 Hungary 7 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.8 81.3 79.4 78.1 75.5 75 18.7 20.6 21.9 24.5 25 11.4 10.1 11.4 11.7 11.5 77 Iceland 8.2 8.6 9.5 9.3 9.2 83.1 83 84 83.7 82.9 16.9 17 16 16.3 17.1 16.3 16.8 18.3 18 17.5 78 India 5.3 5 5.2 5.1 5.1 15.7 18.4 17.9 17.6 17.9 84.3 81.6 82.1 82.4 82.1 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.1 79 Indonesia 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.4 23.7 27.2 28 23.7 25.1 76.3 72.8 72 76.3 74.9 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.2 3 80 Iran, Islamic Republic of 5.9 6 6.5 6.4 6.3 45 43.9 41.9 41.5 43.5 55 56.1 58.1 58.5 56.5 10.5 10.8 11.2 11.8 12 81 Iraq 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 32.7 31.7 31 31.2 31.8 67.3 68.3 69 68.8 68.2 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.6 82 Ireland 6.4 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.5 74.6 76.5 72.8 73.3 76 25.4 23.5 27.2 26.7 24 12.9 13.6 13.1 14.6 14 83 Israel 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.7 74 72 71 69.8 69.2 26 28 29 30.2 30.8 12.1 11.4 11.8 12.1 11.5 84 Italy 7.7 7.7 7.8 8.2 8.4 72.2 71.8 72 73.4 75.3 27.8 28.2 28 26.6 24.7 10.9 11.1 11.5 12.8 13 85 Jamaica 6.5 6.5 6.1 6.2 6.8 56.2 59.5 50.9 47 42.1 43.8 40.5 49.1 53 57.9 7.7 7.7 5.9 5.3 4.4 86 Japan 6.8 7.1 7.5 7.7 8 77.2 77.4 78.1 77.7 77.9 22.8 22.6 21.9 22.3 22.1 14.9 13.2 15.3 15.5 16.4 87 Jordan 8.2 8.1 8.6 9.2 9.5 54.5 57 50.8 46.5 47 45.5 43 49.2 53.5 53 11.7 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.8 88 Kazakhstan 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 72.9 70 63.5 62.9 60.4 27.1 30 36.5 37.1 39.6 8.9 9.4 9.6 9 8 89 Kenya 8 8.4 7.9 8.7 7.8 21.7 24.1 18.7 23.8 21.4 78.3 75.9 81.3 76.2 78.6 6.1 7.2 5.1 8.6 6.2 90 Kiribati 8.7 8.3 7.8 8.3 8.6 99.1 99 98.9 98.8 98.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.2 11.2 10.9 9.7 10 9.3 91 Kuwait 3.7 4.4 3.9 3.5 3.9 79.5 78.8 78.7 78.7 78.8 20.5 21.2 21.3 21.3 21.2 8.4 8 8.2 8.9 8.1 92 Kyrgyzstan 4.1 4.7 4.4 4.2 4 67.9 59.5 53.9 48.3 48.7 32.1 40.5 46.1 51.7 51.3 10.5 10.1 10.2 9.5 9 93 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 2.9 2.5 3 2.9 3.1 62.1 48.6 49.4 53.3 55.5 37.9 51.4 50.6 46.7 44.5 9.8 5.7 8.8 7.6 8.7 94 Latvia 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.3 6.4 56.8 60.7 59.7 55.8 52.5 43.2 39.3 40.3 44.2 47.5 10.1 10.6 10 8.8 9.1 95 Lebanon 11.8 12.4 12.1 12.6 12.2 31.1 27.2 26.7 29.3 28.1 68.9 72.8 73.3 70.7 71.9 8.6 9.8 9 8.3 9.5 96 Lesotho 5.3 5.9 6.1 6.1 5.5 76 78.3 80.9 80.8 78.9 24 21.7 19.1 19.2 21.1 12.4 11.5 11.9 12 12 97 Liberia 3.2 3.5 4 4.2 4.3 69.1 73.4 76.5 76.2 75.9 30.9 26.6 23.5 23.8 24.1 9.3 10.1 10.8 10.7 10.6 98 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 3.4 3.7 3.5 2.8 2.9 47.9 49.6 49.1 51.5 56 52.1 50.4 50.9 48.5 44 6.2 5.3 5.6 4.9 5 99 Lithuania 6 6.4 6.3 6.2 6 76.2 75.1 73.5 70.7 70.5 23.8 24.9 26.5 29.3 29.5 13.6 14.8 11.7 13.9 14 100 Luxembourg 6 5.9 6 5.5 6 91.1 90.9 89.4 89.3 89.9 8.9 9.1 10.6 10.7 10.1 12.5 12.7 12.9 12.3 13.3 101 Madagascar 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 2 78.4 64.4 58.5 64.8 65.9 21.6 35.6 41.5 35.2 34.1 9 10.3 8.4 9.2 7.7 102 Malawi 8.7 8.5 8.7 8.2 7.8 35.6 35.5 37.8 36.9 35 64.4 64.5 62.2 63.1 65 12.2 12.9 13.9 12.2 12.3 103 Malaysia 2.8 3 3.1 3.3 3.8 53.5 51.6 52.9 53.1 53.7 46.5 48.4 47.1 46.9 46.3 6.1 5.1 6 6.1 6.5 104 Maldives 6.5 6.4 6.8 6.9 6.7 81.9 81.8 82.5 84 83.5 18.1 18.2 17.5 16 16.5 10.9 10.1 10.4 10.9 10.3 105 Mali 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.7 4.3 43.3 37.5 32.6 38.9 38.6 56.7 62.5 67.4 61.1 61.4 8.2 7 5.7 7.8 6.8 106 Malta 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.8 8.8 67.9 69.3 67.5 68.5 68.5 32.1 30.7 32.5 31.5 31.5 11.7 11.9 11.8 13.2 12.8 107 Marshall Islands 9.9 9.7 9.5 9.8 9.8 70.5 66.4 65.2 65 64.7 29.5 33.6 34.8 35 35.3 10.7 10.9 10.8 9.6 9.6 108 Mauritania 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 74.5 71.1 71.9 73.5 72.4 25.5 28.9 28.1 26.5 27.6 10.2 10.1 10.5 11 10.3 109 Mauritius 3 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.4 61.2 62.6 62 58.7 59.5 38.8 37.4 38 41.3 40.5 6.8 7 7.2 6.6 7.6 110 Mexico 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 6.1 45.3 46.6 46.9 45.7 44.3 54.7 53.4 53.1 54.3 55.7 15 16.8 17.2 16.6 16.7 56 Equatorial Guinea 23.6 29.2 14.9 17.2 10.6 0 0 0 0 0 95.1 95.1 89.3 70.5 52.3 0 0 0 0 0 57 Eritrea 48.1 41.5 49.8 51.1 52.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 58 Estonia 1.7 1.5 3.5 0.9 0 84.6 77.1 82 85.9 86 97.9 96.6 71.3 84.9 84.7 0 0 4.1 4.1 4.8 59 Ethiopia 9.3 23.5 27.6 29.6 34.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 1 0.8 86.2 85.7 85.4 84.6 84.7 0 0 0 0 0 60 Fiji 4.2 7.7 11.1 10.9 10.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 61 Finland 0 0 0 0 0 18.7 19.4 19.8 20.5 20.8 82.4 81.9 82.2 81.9 82.7 11 11.1 10.8 10.5 8.3 62 France 0 0 0 0 0 96.8 96.8 96.7 96.7 96.5 43.5 43.1 43 43.1 42.6 52.2 52.6 52.6 52.6 53.1 63 Gabon 3.7 4 4.6 1.3 1.8 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 64 Gambia 29.4 25 28.2 26.1 26.6 0 0 0 0 0 89.2 86.3 88.6 88.9 90 0 0 0 0 0 65 Georgia 5.4 7.1 7.3 3.1 5.1 54.3 39.3 54.4 47.9 41.5 99.7 99.5 99.5 99.7 99.7 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 66 Germany 0 0 0 0 0 90.7 91.4 91.5 91.6 91.8 43.9 44.5 43.2 42.2 42.4 32 31.7 32.5 33.3 33.5 67 Ghana 6.8 8.2 8.6 13.2 23.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 68 Greece 0 0 0 0 0 26.9 37.5 35.4 31.9 35 72.1 71 69.5 74.5 73.9 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.4 69 Grenada 1 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 70 Guatemala 3.2 5.4 5.3 4.6 1.4 49 55.3 54.8 57.1 54.1 92.2 93.2 85.6 86.2 85.7 3.8 4.5 5.4 5.2 5.3 71 Guinea 14 14 14.3 19.1 20.5 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 72 Guinea-Bissau 22 29.4 30 39.8 38.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 73 Guyana 4.7 3.6 4 3.1 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 74 Haiti 36.5 36.6 38.3 39.2 42.9 0 0 0 0 0 43.2 40.2 43.3 43.3 45.3 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 75 Honduras 12.1 10.4 10.1 8.7 7.5 16.7 15.4 16.6 16.5 17.3 89.3 89 89.1 88.9 88.9 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.5 76 Hungary 0 0 0 0 0 82.8 83.4 83.8 83.9 83.2 n/a 84.9 86.3 87 85.5 n/a 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.3 77 Iceland 0 0 0 0 0 31.5 29.8 27.7 29.6 28.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 78 India 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 0.4 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 79 Indonesia 2.9 6.4 9.5 8.3 6.5 14.1 9 7.3 7.5 7.5 95.7 93.3 89.6 91.8 91.8 4.3 6.7 10.4 8.2 8.2 80 Iran, Islamic Republic of 0 0 0 0.1 0.1 38.8 40.8 41 40.6 40.8 94.5 93.7 94.4 94.8 94.2 2.5 3 2.5 2.3 2.6 81 Iraq 0 0 0.1 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 82 Ireland 0 0 0 0 0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1 53.1 45.6 51.4 50.5 55.2 34.1 38.1 29.3 28.4 28.4 83 Israel 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.1 33.1 34.3 34.9 36.4 37.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 84 Italy 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 86.7 86.9 85.6 84.9 82.1 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.6 85 Jamaica 2.3 2.5 2.5 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 69.4 66.7 70.3 65.6 73.4 25 27.2 24.3 29.5 22.5 86 Japan 0 0 0 0 0 87.1 84.5 84 83.5 83.6 74.8 78.2 77.8 74.5 74.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 1.4 87 Jordan 1.5 4.1 3.5 4.5 4.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 78.5 77.9 75.8 74.1 73.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.6 7.4 88 Kazakhstan 0.5 0.4 3.5 4 3.5 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 89 Kenya 7.3 7.9 9.6 9.7 9.8 0 0 0 0 0 70 70.7 68.5 69.6 67.6 7.3 6.6 9.1 8.7 9.5 90 Kiribati n/a n/a n/a 2.2 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 91 Kuwait 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 92 Kyrgyzstan 8.4 8.8 14.3 17 n/a 0.6 4.4 8.4 10.1 10.3 100 100 100 100 100 00000 93 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 15.8 20.4 19.5 19.7 21.1 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 80.1 80 80 80 80 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 94 Latvia 0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 28.4 29.9 29.9 31.8 27.4 100 100 100 100 99.7 0 0 0 0 0.3 95 Lebanon 0.6 1.9 0.7 0.2 0.2 42.3 45.6 47.7 43 50.6 80.9 81 81.8 81.1 81.2 16.7 16.7 15.8 16.4 16.5 96 Lesotho 5.3 3.9 3.2 4.7 6 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 97 Liberia 59.4 65.5 66.2 61.9 57.2 0 0 0 0 0 86.2 87.7 88.4 84 84.2 0 0 0 0 0 98 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 99 Lithuania 0 0 1.1 1.4 1 82.7 89.9 92.2 90.7 88.3 91.9 92 91.5 92.1 91.7 00000 100 Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 86 82.7 77 82.9 77.6 81.9 82.4 73.9 73.2 74.6 18.1 17.6 13.4 13.8 14.6 101 Madagascar 35.8 28.6 36.3 38.1 36.8 0 0 0 0 0 73.2 89.2 89.7 87.7 85 26.8 10.8 10.3 12.3 15 102 Malawi 22.8 20.4 22.9 32.3 26.5 0 0 0 0 0 40.3 40.4 41.3 39.7 43.7 1.4 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.6 103 Malaysia 0.9 1.1 1 0.8 0 0.8 0.9 1 0.9 1.1 n/a 94.2 93.9 93.4 92.8 n/a 5.8 6.1 6.6 7.2 104 Maldives 4.2 3.6 2.6 2.2 1.9 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 105 Mali 32 24.2 18.8 24.2 20.8 0 0 0 0 0 77.5 77.6 75.6 73.5 72.4 12.4 13.2 15.3 17.8 18.7 106 Malta 0 0 0 0 0 64.5 68.9 68 59.9 58.7 100 100 100 100 100 00000 107 Marshall Islands 13.7 13.5 38.2 36.5 25.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 108 Mauritania 24.8 19.7 21.5 24.4 23.2 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 109 Mauritius 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.6 5.2 6.1 6.5 7.8 8.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 110 Mexico 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 68.5 68.1 69.2 67.7 66.5 92.5 92.5 92.4 92.3 92.4 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.7 4.9

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174 The World Health Report 2003 Statistical Annex 175 Member State Total expenditure General government Private expenditure General government on health expenditure on health as % of on health as % of expenditure on health as % of as % of GDP total expenditure on health total expenditure on health total government expenditure 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Annex Table 5 Selected national health accounts indicators: measured levels of expenditure on health, 1997–2001 Figures computed by WHO to assure comparability;a they are not necessarily the official statistics of Member States, which may use alternative rigorous methods. Member State External resources for health Social security expenditure Out-of-pocket expenditure Private prepaid plans as % of total on health as % of general govenment as % of private as % of private expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 111 Micronesia, Federated States of 8.3 8 7.9 7.9 7.8 73.7 72.6 71.8 71.8 72 26.3 27.4 28.2 28.2 28 9.8 7.9 7.9 8.5 8.5 112 Monaco 7 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.6 54.7 53.6 52.7 54.5 56.1 45.3 46.4 47.3 45.5 43.9 15.9 16.1 16.3 16.8 17.7 113 Mongolia 5 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.4 62.7 65.4 66.5 70.3 72.3 37.3 34.6 33.5 29.7 27.7 9.1 9 9.8 10.5 10.5 114 Morocco 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.7 5.1 26 28.3 29.1 34 39.3 74 71.7 70.9 66 60.7 3.7 4 3.9 4.7 5.3 115 Mozambique 5 4.9 5 5.7 5.9 60.5 62 64 66.6 67.4 39.5 38 36 33.4 32.6 15.1 15.5 16.5 18.2 18.9 116 Myanmar 2.1 2 2 2 2.1 14.3 10.6 11.7 17.1 17.8 85.7 89.4 88.3 82.9 82.2 2.7 2.5 3 5 5.7 117 Namibia 6.9 6.8 7 6.9 6.7 71.1 72.2 73.2 68.9 69.3 28.9 27.8 26.8 31.1 30.7 13 13 13.1 12.4 12.2 118 Nauru 7.6 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.5 89.1 89 89.1 88.9 88.7 10.9 11 10.9 11.1 11.3 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.1 119 Nepal 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.2 31.3 33.3 29.8 30.1 29.7 68.7 66.7 70.2 69.9 70.3 9.3 9.9 9 9 8.1 120 Netherlands 8.2 8.6 8.7 8.6 8.9 67.8 64.4 63.3 63.4 63.3 32.2 35.6 36.7 36.6 36.7 11.5 11.7 11.7 12.1 12.2 121 New Zealand 7.5 7.9 8 8 8.3 77.3 77 77.9 78 76.8 22.7 23 22.1 22 23.2 12.7 13.5 14.1 14.5 14.8 122 Nicaragua 6.2 6 5.8 7.1 7.8 53.8 60.3 54 52.5 48.5 46.2 39.7 46 47.5 51.5 18.7 20.2 13.8 17 17.9 123 Niger 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.7 41.7 43 43.6 43.1 39.1 58.3 57 56.4 56.9 60.9 8.9 8.3 7.8 8.6 7.7 124 Nigeria 2.8 3.1 3 3 3.4 11.7 15.4 16 14.1 23.2 88.3 84.6 84 85.9 76.8 2.1 2.3 1.7 1.7 1.9 125 Niue 7.6 7.4 7.9 8 7.7 97.1 97 97 97 97 2.9 3 3 3 3 13 13.9 15.3 15.4 14.8 126 Norway 7.8 8.5 8.5 7.6 8 84.3 84.7 85.2 85.2 85.5 15.7 15.3 14.8 14.8 14.5 14 14.5 15.1 14.9 15.2 127 Oman 3.4 3.8 3.5 3 3 81.9 82.3 82.2 81.1 80.7 18.1 17.7 17.8 18.9 19.3 7.4 7.6 7.7 7 6.5 128 Pakistan 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 3.9 27.2 29.1 25.6 24.5 24.4 72.8 70.9 74.4 75.5 75.6 3.8 4.2 3.7 3.3 3.5 129 Palau 8.5 8.9 9 9 9.2 91.6 92.9 91.4 91.7 92 8.4 7.1 8.6 8.3 8 10.7 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.6 130 Panama 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.6 7 68.3 70.2 69.9 69.2 69 31.7 29.8 30.1 30.8 31 18.7 18.5 18.5 18.4 18.4 131 Papua New Guinea 3.2 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.4 89 90.9 89.9 89.7 89 11 9.1 10.1 10.3 11 9.6 12.3 13.3 12.9 13 132 Paraguay 7.6 7.3 7.9 7.9 8 32.8 37.4 39.4 38.3 38.3 67.2 62.6 60.6 61.7 61.7 13.6 14.9 17.4 16.8 16.9 133 Peru 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.7 4.7 51.4 54.8 55.9 55.4 55 48.6 45.2 44.1 44.6 45 11.6 12.9 13 12.7 12.1 134 Philippines 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 43.4 43.4 44.8 48.2 45.2 56.6 56.6 55.2 51.8 54.8 6.7 6.6 6.5 7.1 6.2 135 Poland 6.1 6.4 6.2 5.8 6.1 72 65.4 71.1 70 71.9 28 34.6 28.9 30 28.1 9.5 9.4 10.6 10.2 10.9 136 Portugal 8.6 8.6 8.7 9.1 9.2 64.8 65.5 67.6 68.5 69 35.2 34.5 32.4 31.5 31 12.4 12.8 13 13.7 13.7 137 Qatar 3.9 4.5 3.8 2.8 3.1 76.8 76.9 76 74.2 73.5 23.2 23.1 24 25.8 26.5 7 7.6 7.5 6.7 6.5 138 Republic of Korea 5 5.1 5.6 5.9 6 41 46.2 43.1 44.4 44.4 59 53.8 56.9 55.6 55.6 9 9.3 9.7 10.7 9.5 139 Republic of Moldova 8.3 7.2 5.3 5.2 5.1 73 60.3 54.4 55.9 55.8 27 39.7 45.6 44.1 44.2 14.6 12.1 9.8 9.9 10.6 140 Romania 5 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.5 66.7 74.2 77.8 78.9 79.2 33.3 25.8 22.2 21.1 20.8 9.9 13.7 14.1 14.2 15.9 141 Russian Federation 5.8 5.8 5.4 5.3 5.4 72.9 68.9 64.7 69.9 68.2 27.1 31.1 35.3 30.1 31.8 9.3 9.8 9.4 10.8 10.7 142 Rwanda 5 5 5.5 5.6 5.5 48.8 51.3 54 52.9 55.5 51.2 48.7 46 47.1 44.5 12.5 13.8 13.5 14.8 14.2 143 Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.8 66.3 66.7 66.2 66.3 66.3 33.7 33.3 33.8 33.7 33.7 10.9 11 10.6 10.6 10.9 144 Saint Lucia 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.5 62.3 65.6 65.3 65.2 64.6 37.7 34.4 34.7 34.8 35.4 9 8.8 8.3 8.2 8 145 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6.1 5.9 6 6 6.1 63.8 62.5 62.7 65.1 63.5 36.2 37.5 37.3 34.9 36.5 9.2 8.7 9.1 9.3 9.3 146 Samoa 5.4 5.8 6.2 5.8 5.8 73.6 73.5 74.1 76.9 82.2 26.4 26.5 25.9 23.1 17.8 11.5 13.1 12.9 14.7 15.7 147 San Marino 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.8 75.1 75.4 75.8 77.1 78 24.9 24.6 24.2 22.9 22 11 12 12.4 13.4 13.8 148 Sao Tome and Principe 3 2.9 2.3 2.4 2.3 66.7 67.9 67.9 67.8 67.7 33.3 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 2.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 149 Saudi Arabia 5.3 5.2 4.5 4.4 4.6 77.3 76.3 73.7 74.4 74.6 22.7 23.7 26.3 25.6 25.4 11.4 11.5 11 9.9 10 150 Senegal 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.8 54.8 57.5 56.1 56.6 58.8 45.2 42.5 43.9 43.4 41.2 14.4 15 13 13.6 12.9 151 Serbia-Montenegro 11 9.9 9.2 7.6 8.2 74 71.3 70.9 77.6 79.2 26 28.7 29.1 22.4 20.8 21.1 17.5 15.9 14.7 15 152 Seychelles 6.7 6.4 6.2 5.9 6 72.3 69.4 68.8 66.5 68.2 27.7 30.6 31.2 33.5 31.8 8.1 7.5 7.4 6.7 7 153 Sierra Leone 3.3 3 3.7 4.3 4.3 46.8 44.2 53.8 60.4 61 53.2 55.8 46.2 39.6 39 8.9 9.4 9.4 9.3 9.4 154 Singapore 3.7 4.2 4 3.6 3.9 39 41.6 38.3 35.2 33.5 61 58.4 61.7 64.8 66.5 8.4 8.7 8.2 6.7 5.9 155 Slovakia 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.7 91.7 91.6 89.6 89.4 89.3 8.3 8.4 10.4 10.6 10.7 8.5 8.8 9.2 8.2 8.9 156 Slovenia 7.8 8.3 8.2 8 8.4 79.2 75.7 75.5 76 74.9 20.8 24.3 24.5 24 25.1 14.3 14.3 14 14.5 14.6 157 Solomon Islands 3.7 4.5 4.9 4.9 5 92 93 93.4 93.4 93.5 8 7 6.6 6.6 6.5 11.4 11.4 11.1 11.4 11.5 158 Somalia 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 45.5 46.1 45 44.8 44.6 54.5 53.9 55 55.2 55.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.2 159 South Africa 9 8.7 8.8 8.7 8.6 46.1 42.4 42.6 41.8 41.4 53.9 57.6 57.4 58.2 58.6 12.4 11.3 11.1 11.2 10.9 160 Spain 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 72.5 72.2 72.1 71.7 71.4 27.5 27.8 27.9 28.3 28.6 13 13.1 13.4 13.4 13.6 161 Sri Lanka 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 49.5 51.3 49 49.2 48.9 50.5 48.7 51 50.8 51.1 6 5.8 5.7 6.1 6.1 162 Sudan 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.5 19.6 24.4 22.9 28.7 18.7 80.4 75.6 77.1 71.3 81.3 9.1 12 9.5 9.3 4.6 163 Suriname 9.5 9.9 9.8 9.9 9.4 52.4 61.7 59.6 63.3 60.2 47.6 38.3 40.4 36.7 39.8 17.1 18.2 17.6 18.9 17 164 Swaziland 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.3 71.6 70.8 67.7 69.9 68.5 28.4 29.2 32.3 30.1 31.5 7.9 7.7 7 7.8 7.5 165 Sweden 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.7 85.8 85.8 85.7 85 85.2 14.2 14.2 14.3 15 14.8 11.2 11.8 12 12.4 13 111 Micronesia, Federated States of n/a n/a 22.5 22.1 16.2 0 0 0 0 0 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 0 0 0 0 0 112 Monaco 0 0 0 0 0 94.3 94.6 94.9 95.2 95.7 100 100 100 100 100 00000 113 Mongolia 4.2 9 18.9 17.2 15.4 36.8 39.9 39.3 40.2 40.3 73.3 74.5 74.1 73.9 73.4 00000 114 Morocco 2.6 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.4 9.8 9 9 7.6 5.8 74.3 74.4 74.3 74.3 74.1 22.8 22.5 22.7 22.6 22.7 115 Mozambique 53.1 44.2 40.3 38.2 36.9 0 0 0 0 0 42.8 40.5 39.2 39.3 39.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 116 Myanmar 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 3.6 3 2.1 2 1.8 99.6 99.7 99.8 99.6 99.6 00000 117 Namibia 4.4 4.5 4.6 3.8 3.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.8 2 21.8 21.8 21.2 18.1 18.7 75.2 74.5 74.3 77.2 75.7 118 Nauru n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 119 Nepal 10.6 9.9 10.2 8.3 9.4 0 0 0 0 0 94.2 94.1 94.2 93.8 93.3 0 0 0 0 0 120 Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0 93.6 93.3 93.2 93.6 93.8 23.8 24.7 25 24.5 24.1 59.1 43.5 42.7 41.6 42.4 121 New Zealand 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68.8 70.8 70.1 69.9 72 29.8 27.7 28.1 28.5 26.5 122 Nicaragua 10.8 11.1 10 7.7 7.7 24.3 23 31.5 27 31.3 97.1 96.9 93.9 91.9 93.1 0.9 1.7 0.7 2.7 4 123 Niger 13.7 17.7 9.2 20.9 16.9 0 0 0 0 0 84.5 83.4 82.7 83.4 85.4 3.4 2.9 3.2 3.2 2.9 124 Nigeria 1.3 1.2 3.8 7.2 7.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 125 Niue n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 126 Norway 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96.6 96.6 96.6 96.7 96.8 0 0 0 0 0 127 Oman 0 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 46.4 51.1 47.5 41.7 42.9 0 0 0 0 0 128 Pakistan 2.7 2.2 2 3.8 1.9 43.9 41.6 44.9 39.6 43.3 100 100 100 100 100 00000 129 Palau 12.5 13.5 11.9 11.4 11.8 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 130 Panama 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.6 60.6 66.2 58.9 57.2 57.9 82.7 82 81.8 81.3 81.2 17.2 18 18.2 18.7 18.7 131 Papua New Guinea 26.8 29 18.5 22.1 21.2 0 0 0 0 0 88.7 86.4 83.4 83.9 83.3 2 4.8 9.4 9.3 9.4 132 Paraguay 1.6 1.9 2 2 2 47.8 44.9 46.7 48.3 48.2 68.4 76.3 72.9 72.7 71.6 31.6 23.7 27.1 27.3 28.4 133 Peru 2.3 2.4 2 1.4 1.7 43 43.1 48.3 47.2 51.9 82.8 81.7 80 81.7 81.7 15.3 16.5 18 16 16.1 134 Philippines 2 2.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 11.8 8.8 11.4 14.7 17.2 82.9 82.6 79.5 79.2 78.2 15.6 15.9 18.6 18.6 19.8 135 Poland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83.4 82.4 76.7 92.7 92.8 92.3 92.4 92.4 7.3 7.2 7.7 7.6 7.6 136 Portugal 0 0 0 0 0 6.7 7.7 7.1 6.7 6.8 55.5 57.7 60.6 59.4 58.5 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 137 Qatar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25.3 24.7 26.8 31.9 33.7 0 0 0 0 0 138 Republic of Korea 0 0 0 0 0 71.9 74.5 75.2 77.3 77.2 78.2 77.4 75.7 74.2 74.3 11.3 12.9 13.6 15.6 17.2 139 Republic of Moldova 0.4 1 4.1 7.8 8.5 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 97.6 0 0 0 0 2.4 140 Romania 1 2.1 3 2 1 87.1 87 87 88.6 88.3 79.4 78.8 86.7 89.2 92.1 20.6 21.2 13.3 10.8 7.9 141 Russian Federation 0.4 1.2 3.8 3.1 3.1 33.8 36.3 36.9 24.5 21.8 77.7 80.5 84.8 85.2 84.4 6.7 5.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 142 Rwanda 30.1 25.6 26.5 33.2 24.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 66.2 67 64.6 61.3 66.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 143 Saint Kitts and Nevis 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.2 5.6 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 144 Saint Lucia 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 35.2 17.7 14.6 24 25.5 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 145 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 146 Samoa 6.1 15.8 13.8 19.1 15.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 78.1 79.4 80.1 81.7 87.5 0 0 0 0 0 147 San Marino 0 0 0 0 0 54.8 55.7 54.9 52.7 51.7 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 148 Sao Tome and Principe 45.3 48.6 64.1 57.8 56.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 149 Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42.2 44.3 42.2 38.9 38 33.4 32.1 33.4 35.4 36.8 150 Senegal 11.7 11.1 12.4 14.1 20.2 0 0 0 0 0 91.3 90.6 91.2 91.3 91.6 8.7 9.4 8.8 8.7 8.4 151 Serbia-Montenegro 0 0.1 0.3 2.2 1.4 92.7 92 92.6 92.4 89.4 100 100 100 100 100 00000 152 Seychelles 13.7 12.9 12.4 11.8 11.9 0 0 0 0 0 77.8 75.3 75 74.6 75 0 0 0 0 0 153 Sierra Leone 19.3 18.8 22.2 25.4 25.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 154 Singapore 0 0 0 0 0 20.2 17.6 19 23.3 24.5 97.5 97.3 97.4 97.2 97 00000 155 Slovakia 0 0 0 0 0 96.7 96.6 94.2 94.4 95.1 100 100 100 100 100 00000 156 Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0 87.8 87.9 87.5 87.5 77.5 48.8 44.4 39.3 38.6 41.7 51.2 55.6 60.7 61.4 58.3 157 Solomon Islands 7 7.7 7.1 16.5 15.9 0 0 0 0 0 47 45.8 47.1 48.3 49.2 0 0 0 0 0 158 Somalia 4.3 5.3 6.1 9 9.3 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 159 South Africa 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 19.7 21.9 21.7 21.8 22.1 78.3 76.4 76.7 76.6 72.2 160 Spain 0 0 0 0 0 13.4 11.8 9.4 9.6 9.2 83.9 83.6 83.3 83.1 82.8 12.8 13.1 13.5 13.7 14.1 161 Sri Lanka 3.2 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.1 0 0 0 0 0 95 94.9 95.1 95 95 1 1 1 1.1 1.1 162 Sudan 1.4 2.4 4.1 2.4 2.7 0 0 0 0 0 99.4 99.3 99.4 99.3 99.3 0 0 0 0 0 163 Suriname 9 9.5 17.6 9.8 12.4 32.2 34.9 33.3 28.1 22.8 30.5 33.7 32.7 39.9 57 1.7 1.4 1.3 1 0.7 164 Swaziland 9.3 1.5 5.1 0.9 7.9 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 165 Sweden 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0

The World Health Report 200 Table 5 Selected mtm “B“a “st 出H"2"" 4554355 3554Uu46u ss"2出出出品"品 如妲数“出“出 1出m吾 sm.,B点 16716712 3M41t12A12 2出313碧B吕 046a05题31丑5日 1435383g ss:黜黔黜黜黜“跽點¤岀 如出数8数“出

176 The World Health Report 2003 Statistical Annex 177 Member State Total expenditure General government Private expenditure General government on health expenditure on health as % of on health as % of expenditure on health as % of as % of GDP total expenditure on health total expenditure on health total government expenditure 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Annex Table 5 Selected national health accounts indicators: measured levels of expenditure on health, 1997–2001 Figures computed by WHO to assure comparability;a they are not necessarily the official statistics of Member States, which may use alternative rigorous methods. Member State External resources for health Social security expenditure Out-of-pocket expenditure Private prepaid plans as % of total on health as % of general govenment as % of private as % of private expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health expenditure on health 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 166 Switzerland 10.4 10.6 10.7 10.7 11 55.2 54.9 55.3 55.6 57.1 44.8 45.1 44.7 44.4 42.9 15.3 15.4 11.9 12.5 13.2 167 Syrian Arab Republic 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.4 59.5 57.5 57.1 51.8 53.1 40.5 42.5 42.9 48.2 46.9 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 168 Tajikistan 5.4 3.6 3.4 3.1 3.4 36 32.4 30.6 29.7 28.9 64 67.6 69.4 70.3 71.1 10.6 7.5 5 5.3 5.5 169 Thailand 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7 57.2 61.2 57.6 56.8 57.1 42.8 38.8 42.4 43.2 42.9 10.2 13.3 11.6 11.6 11.6 170 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 6.1 7.6 6.4 6 6.8 83.9 87.1 85.4 84.5 84.9 16.1 12.9 14.6 15.5 15.1 14.5 19 16.3 15.6 17.4 171 Timor-Leste 9.4 6.4 9.6 7.4 9.8 90.5 85.4 88.6 74 59.5 9.5 14.6 11.4 26 40.5 9 5.8 9 5.8 9 172 Togo 3 3.5 4 3 2.8 50.2 59.6 62.8 48.7 48.6 49.8 40.4 37.2 51.3 51.4 8.3 9.7 12.8 7.9 9.3 173 Tonga 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.5 59.8 61.2 60.7 60.5 61.6 40.2 38.8 39.3 39.5 38.4 7.8 9.6 12.7 11.6 10.9 174 Trinidad and Tobago 4.5 4.8 4.5 3.9 4 43 46.5 46.5 45.9 43.3 57 53.5 53.5 54.1 56.7 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.4 175 Tunisia 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.4 77.7 76.7 75.9 74.3 75.7 22.3 23.3 24.1 25.7 24.3 15.5 15 14.9 14.2 15.1 176 Turkey 4.2 4.8 4.9 5 5 71.6 71.9 71.1 71.1 71 28.4 28.1 28.9 28.9 29 10.8 11.5 9.1 9 9.1 177 Turkmenistan 4.7 5 5 4 4.1 75.6 70.3 68 74.5 73.3 24.4 29.7 32 25.5 26.7 12 14.4 17.5 11.5 18.2 178 Tuvalu 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.4 59.1 59.3 57.3 53.5 53.4 40.9 40.7 42.7 46.5 46.6 5.4 3.7 3.6 3.3 2.9 179 Uganda 3.9 4 4.1 5.6 5.9 29.1 38 40.9 56.1 57.5 70.9 62 59.1 43.9 42.5 6.5 8.1 8.4 16.4 16.4 180 Ukraine 5.4 5 4.3 4.2 4.3 75 71.7 68.3 68.2 67.8 25 28.3 31.7 31.8 32.2 9.3 8 8.3 7.6 7.6 181 United Arab Emirates 3.6 4 3.7 3.5 3.5 76.7 77 75.8 75.9 75.8 23.3 23 24.2 24.1 24.2 28.9 28.8 27.9 31.5 32.3 182 United Kingdom 6.8 6.9 7.2 7.3 7.6 80.1 80.2 80.5 80.9 82.2 19.9 19.8 19.5 19.1 17.8 13.4 13.9 14.8 15 15.4 183 United Republic of Tanzania 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4 45.9 47.1 43.4 47.1 46.7 54.1 52.9 56.6 52.9 53.3 14.4 13.1 12.4 12.1 12.1 184 United States of America 13 13 13 13.1 13.9 45.3 44.5 44.2 44.2 44.4 54.7 55.5 55.8 55.8 55.6 16.8 16.9 16.9 17.2 17.6 185 Uruguay 10 10.2 10.7 10.9 10.9 40.8 41 48.2 46.6 46.3 59.2 59 51.8 53.4 53.7 12.1 12.5 14.9 14.9 14.9 186 Uzbekistan 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 72.7 75.1 74 74.9 74.5 27.3 24.9 26 25.1 25.5 9.3 8.8 8.6 9.6 9.2 187 Vanuatu 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.8 65.5 65.4 63.6 60.9 59.2 34.5 34.6 36.4 39.1 40.8 10.2 8.7 10.3 10.1 9.7 188 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.9 6 57.1 54.4 53.9 57.1 62.1 42.9 45.6 46.1 42.9 37.9 12.5 12.4 13.6 13.8 14.7 189 Viet Nam 4.4 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.1 31.5 32.7 32.7 28.5 28.5 68.5 67.3 67.3 71.5 71.5 5.6 7.1 6.7 6.1 6.1 190 Yemen 3.8 4.4 4 4 4.5 30.4 39.5 32.5 34.6 34.1 69.6 60.5 67.5 65.4 65.9 3.5 4.8 4.8 3.9 4 191 Zambia 6 6 5.7 5.5 5.7 55.1 56.9 54.8 52.5 53.1 44.9 43.1 45.2 47.5 46.9 13.1 12.5 13.7 13.6 13.5 192 Zimbabwe 9.3 11.4 7.9 7.4 6.2 59.1 55.9 48.9 50.7 45.3 40.9 44.1 51.1 49.3 54.7 15.4 12.2 10 7.1 8 166 Switzerland 0 0 0 0 0 71.6 72.3 72.1 72.6 70.4 72 72.6 74.5 74.1 73.9 25.7 25.2 23.3 23.6 23.8 167 Syrian Arab Republic 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 66.5 67.9 72.4 61.9 57.3 0 0 0 0 0 168 Tajikistan 4.1 6.2 3.1 12.4 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 169 Thailand 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 30.2 25.8 26.9 27 26.8 86.2 84.9 84.9 85 85 8.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 170 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2.6 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.5 96.3 96.8 94.8 91.9 87.5 100 100 100 100 100 00000 171 Timor-Leste 41.8 66.7 87.2 64.6 53.8 0.9 1.2 n/a n/a n/a 93 88.6 75.8 43.1 20.8 0 0 0 0 0 172 Togo 8.1 9.8 5.3 31.2 8.1 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 173 Tonga 6.3 5.9 8.8 10.2 20.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 174 Trinidad and Tobago 5.2 4.6 4.4 4.2 3.8 0 0 0 0 0 86.9 87.1 86.4 85.7 86.5 6.2 6.2 6.7 7.6 7.1 175 Tunisia 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 45.3 52.7 54.9 57.3 53.4 77.2 76 77.1 78 77.6 22.8 24 22.9 22 22.4 176 Turkey 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0 38.8 43.8 28.4 28.4 28.6 99.6 99.6 99.8 99.9 98.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.2 177 Turkmenistan 2.1 2.6 1.4 0.9 0.6 8.4 16.2 23.5 26.4 26.8 71.4 76.6 78.1 72.6 73.7 28.6 23.4 21.9 27.4 26.3 178 Tuvalu 6.9 7.1 6.4 6.4 29.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 179 Uganda 24.4 41.7 22.9 41.2 24.8 0 0 0 0 0 54 54 55.4 55.6 53.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 180 Ukraine 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 181 United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69.4 69.5 67 66 65.6 16.4 16.9 19 19.1 19.1 182 United Kingdom 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.5 55.1 54.7 55 55.3 17 17.2 16.7 16.7 17.2 183 United Republic of Tanzania 16 22 35.3 30 29.5 0 0 0 0 0 87 87.5 83.5 83 83.1 0 0 4.5 4.4 4.4 184 United States of America 0 0 0 0 0 32.1 33.3 33.3 33.9 32.9 27.6 28 27.6 27.2 26.5 61.2 61 61.7 62.8 64.1 185 Uruguay 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.8 45.6 46.8 37.6 34.7 35.8 33.5 32.9 33.2 31.2 30.4 66.5 67.1 66.8 68.8 69.6 186 Uzbekistan 1 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 187 Vanuatu 20 30.4 28.7 28.5 8.4 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 188 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 1.3 1.2 1 0.4 0.1 20.9 18.6 25 24.7 20.2 78.6 77.9 79.9 73.8 95.4 4.6 4.8 4.4 4 4.6 189 Viet Nam 5.6 2.8 3.4 2.7 2.6 13 11.5 9.5 10.9 10.9 93.5 89.7 86.5 87.7 87.6 0 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.2 190 Yemen 6.2 5.2 5.1 4.1 3.7 0 0 0 0 0 87.4 87.9 88.2 87.8 88.7 0 0 0 0 0 191 Zambia 23.5 26.1 40.1 33.5 48.7 0 0 0 0 0 70.9 74.1 70.7 71.1 71.8 0 0 0 0 0 192 Zimbabwe 2.3 17.2 13 12.5 7.8 0 0 0 0 0 67 75.2 44.9 48 52.2 21 16.4 39.6 39.2 34.8 a See explanatory notes for sources and methods. n/a Used when the information accessed indicates that a cell should have an entry but no estimates could be accessed. 0 Used when no evidence of the schemes to which the cell relates exist. Some estimates yielding a ratio inferior to 0.04% are shown as 0