增减译
增减译
增译法( Amplification) 英译汉时的增词情况 根据词义或修辞需要增词 A professor of mine once said 教过我的一位教授曾说过:
英译汉时的增词情况 A professor of mine once said: 教过我的一位教授曾说过：… 根据词义或修辞需要增词 增译法（Amplification）
o The atmosphere moderates daytime temperature and retards night heat loss 大气层能缓和白天气温的上升和阻止 夜间热量的损耗
⚫The atmosphere moderates daytime temperature and retards night heat loss. 大气层能缓和白天气温的上升和阻止 夜间热量的损耗
o The frequency, wave length and speed of sound are closely related 声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密切相关的。 Compared with mine your computer is really cheap and fine 与我的电脑相比,你的电脑真是物美价廉
⚫ The frequency, wave length and speed of sound are closely related. 声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密切相关的。 Compared with mine, your computer is really cheap and fine. 与我的电脑相比，你的电脑真是物美价廉
●根据语法需要增词 ●英语和汉语在语法方面差异很大,比如英 语有数的变化、有时态、语态、语气变化、 有情态的变化(我们常称为三态一气), 而汉语这样的变化很少,如时态,只用着 了、过就解决了。在翻译中我们要注意这 些差别,把英语中的数和三态一气等体现 出来。例如:
⚫根据语法需要增词 ⚫英语和汉语在语法方面差异很大， 比如英 语有数的变化、有时态、语态、语气变化、 有情态的变化（我们常称为三态一气）， 而汉语这样的变化很少， 如时态，只用着、 了、过就解决了。在翻译中我们要注意这 些差别， 把英语中的数和三态一气等体现 出来。例如：
It seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity 成功的科学家似乎总是充满好奇心。 I didnt know that computers had been used so widely 我以前还不知道电脑却原来被如此广泛 地应用
It seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity. 成功的科学家似乎总是充满好奇心。 I didn’t know that computers had been used so widely. 我以前还不知道电脑却原来被如此广泛 地应用
o they are leading a happy life 他们现在过着幸福的生活。 He was the late presidents alter ego and he is a close and influential friend of the president to be in office 他过去是已故总统的化身,而现在是 即将就职的总统亲密而有影响的朋友
⚫They are leading a happy life. 他们现在过着幸福的生活。 He was the late president’s alter ego and he is a close and influential friend of the president to be in office. 他过去是已故总统的化身， 而现在是 即将就职的总统亲密而有影响的朋友
o Since the industrial revolution began the physical science has in general been in the forefront of the scientific movement 自从工业革命开始以来,物理学总的说来 一直处于科学运动的前列。(时态) Then the whole course of my life might have been different 如果真是那样的话,我的生命路程也许是 另一番景象。(虚拟语气)
⚫Since the industrial revolution began the physical science has in general been in the forefront of the scientific movement. 自从工业革命开始以来， 物理学总的说来 一直处于科学运动的前列。（时态） Then the whole course of my life might have been different. 如果真是那样的话，我的生命路程也许是 另一番景象。（虚拟语气）
o Had we known it in time we would have prevented the accident 要是我们及时知道那件事,事故本来 是可以防止的。(虚拟语气) After watching for years he discovered important phenomena 观察了数年之后他发现了许多重要现象 (数)
⚫Had we known it in time, we would have prevented the accident. 要是我们及时知道那件事， 事故本来 是可以防止的。（虚拟语气） After watching for years, he discovered important phenomena. 观察了数年之后他发现了许多重要现象。 （数）
重复( Repetition) ●为了明确重复 1. Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations 让我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2. They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy 他们开始研究敌情,分析敌情
⚫为了明确重复 重复（Repetition） 1. Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 让我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2. They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy. 他们开始研究敌情，分析敌情