《高级英语试卷》试题(十).doc_大学文库

高级英语试题(十) . Explain the italicized words or expressions in the following sentences. 1. Bargaining is the order of the day, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little 2. ... and the buyers overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit 3. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the baza 4. .. and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and 5. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop . doing a little eliminary bargaining before they narow down their choice and 7.. and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, . and begin the really serious business of beating the price down 8. It is a vast, somber caven of a mom, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls. . are only dimly visib 9. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room,.. and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted mof are only dimly visible 10. The machine is operated by one man, who., and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the opes and pulleys in motion 11. In each shop sit the apprentices.. hammering anway at copper vessels 12. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room, . and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible 3. In each shop sit the apprentices.. while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himse 14. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this be 15. Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or..., pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional 16. Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or ., pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional 17. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting.. and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer 18. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school 19. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people 20. When a cow comes nibbling arpund the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and maggie IL. Selecting the best answer based on language points from the textbook(20%) 1. She was almost blinded by the glare of the headlights from the approaching car coldness

高级英语试题（十） I. Explain the italicized words or expressions in the following sentences. (20%) 1. Bargaining is the order of the day, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining… 2. .… and the buyers overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit. 3. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. 4. … and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and … 5. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 6. …and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, …doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and... 7. …and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, … and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 8. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls … are only dimly visible. 9. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room, … and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. 10. The machine is operated by one man, who…, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. 11. In each shop sit the apprentices… hammering away at copper vessels. 12. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room, …and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. 13. In each shop sit the apprentices… while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. 14. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of … 15. Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or …, pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional. 16. Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or …, pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional. 17. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting… and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. 18. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school. 19. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. 20. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. II. Selecting the best answer based on language points from the textbook (20%) 1．She was almost blinded by the glare of the headlights from the approaching car. a. coldness

6. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo 7. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit 8. It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment 9. One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths 10. Elsewhere there is the carpet-market with its profusion of rich colours, varied textures and regional designs---some bold and simple, others unbelievable detailed nd yet harmonious IV Reading Comprehension(20%) Directions: There are five passages in this section. read the passages and choose the best answer to each question During the 19n century, the Industrial Revolution gained momentum. While there were mass dislocations of people, and laborers were not treated kindly, the net effect over time was to increase the demand for labor. The aged were not given special attention, except through the poor Laws and the poorhouses and asylums developed under those laws. This same pattern carried over to America. Respectable American opinion in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries held that there was work for all who would work, and personal or family charity for those who could not, including the displaced aged. The fact that, periodically at least, there were conditions when labor power was in surplus, when there were more adults than the economy required, was ignored Work to the end of one's days was an economic and socially imposed standard By 1900, Simon Patten, professor of economics at the Wharton School, developed the thesis that America was entering a period when all people's needs could be met with less and less manpower. He anticipated a time when there would be an excess of labor, when working time could be drastically reduced, and when adults would have large amounts of leisure time at thei disposal. His concern with this coming situation was focused on how to prepare people psychologically for a constructive social use of the new leisure. In many ways he was a prophet of the view that our 20th century economy would be one with many"surplus"people, at least in elation to the production of goods During most of these centuries, the aged as a group did not play a central role in the evolution of ideas beyond those of the original biblical injunctions: work and family obligations. However with the twentieth century the capacity of the American economy to produce more goods with less labor was matched by a major change in the demographic nature of its population. Life expectancy grew rapidly as infant mortality declined. Other improvements in health care meant that the elderly became not only more numerous but more healthy, vigorous, and able-bodied. The first policy approach to this evolution was the enactment by many states of old age pension laws and, during the depression of the 1930s, the national Social Security Act with its provision for almost universal retirement income. Public policy provided an income base to help the no-longer-needed older worker leave the labor force 1. By saying that"the Industrial Revolution gained momentum", the author means that th

6. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. 7. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit. 8. It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. 9. One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths’ market. 10. Elsewhere there is the carpet-market, with its profusion of rich colours, varied textures and regional designs---some bold and simple, others unbelievable detailed and yet harmonious. IV. Reading Comprehension（20%）. Directions: There are five passages in this section. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Passage 1 During the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution gained momentum. While there were mass dislocations of people, and laborers were not treated kindly, the net effect over time was to increase the demand for labor. The aged were not given special attention, except through the Poor Laws and the poorhouses and asylums developed under those laws. This same pattern carried over to America. Respectable American opinion in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries held that there was work for all who would work, and personal or family charity for those who could not, including the displaced aged. The fact that, periodically at least, there were conditions when labor power was in surplus, when there were more adults than the economy required, was ignored. Work to the end of one’s days was an economic and socially imposed standard. By 1900, Simon Patten, professor of economics at the Wharton School, developed the thesis that America was entering a period when all people’s needs could be met with less and less manpower. He anticipated a time when there would be an excess of labor, when working time could be drastically reduced, and when adults would have large amounts of leisure time at their disposal. His concern with this coming situation was focused on how to prepare people psychologically for a constructive social use of the new leisure. In many ways he was a prophet of the view that our 20th century economy would be one with many “surplus ” people, at least in relation to the production of goods. During most of these centuries, the aged as a group did not play a central role in the evolution of ideas beyond those of the original biblical injunctions: work and family obligations. However, with the twentieth century the capacity of the American economy to produce more goods with less labor was matched by a major change in the demographic nature of its population. Life expectancy grew rapidly as infant mortality declined. Other improvements in health care meant that the elderly became not only more numerous but more healthy, vigorous, and able-bodied. The first policy approach to this evolution was the enactment by many states of old age pension laws and, during the Depression of the 1930s, the national Social Security Act with its provision for almost universal retirement income. Public policy provided an income base to help the no-longer-needed older worker leave the labor force. 1. By saying that “the Industrial Revolution gained momentum”, the author means that the

Industrial revolution B began to produce undesirable results C demanded more labor D underwent rapid development 2. Which of the following ideas was held by the Americans in the 19th and early 20th centuries? A. That the poor old people should be taken care of by their families, not the society. B. That working opportunities should be provided for those who were able to work C. That laws should be made to guard against mass unemployment D. That working long hours was a necessity dictated by economic and social standard 3. Simon Patten predicted that A. the twentieth century would see a leap in industrial production B the society would hardly produce enough to meet people's needs C. there would be surplus labor and increased leisure for people D unemployed people would suffer great psychological stress 4. Unlike the aged in the past centuries, the old people of the 20th century A. no longer attached importance to work and family obligatio B. felt greater threat from young people in seeking employment C. had a sense of loss when they were no longer needed by the society D had to deal with much leisure afforded by retirement 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Beginning of Surplus Labor and Leisure B. The Ending of the Industrial revolution C. The Influence of the Industrial Revolution on the Society D Surplus Labor and Unemployment in an Advanced Country Passage 2 Our bodies are wonderfully skillful at maintaining balance. When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down. When our blood pressure falls, our hearts pound to compensate. As it turns out, though, our natural state is not a steady one. Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function varies rhythmically with the cycles of the sun, the moon and seasons. And their insights are yielding new strategies for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer. Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge of the growing field of chronotherapeutics', the strategic use of time(chronos) in medicine. But according to a new American Medical Association poll, three out of four are eager to change that. "The field is exploding, says Michael Smolensky. Doctors used to look at us like, " What spaceship did you In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic conditions should take their medicine at steady rates. " It's a terrible way to treat disease, "says Dr. Richard Martin. For example, asthmatics are most likely to suffer during the night Yet most patients strive to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night, whether by breathing in on an inhaler four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening. In recent studies, researchers have found that a large mid-afternoon dose of a bronchodilator can be as sage as several small doses, and better for preventing nighttime attacks If the night belongs to asthma, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease

Industrial Revolution _______. A. began to slow down its pace B. began to produce undesirable results. C. demanded more labor D. underwent rapid development 2. Which of the following ideas was held by the Americans in the 19th and early 20th centuries? A. That the poor old people should be taken care of by their families, not the society. B. That working opportunities should be provided for those who were able to work. C. That laws should be made to guard against mass unemployment. D. That working long hours was a necessity dictated by economic and social standard. 3. Simon Patten predicted that____. A. the twentieth century would see a leap in industrial production. B. the society would hardly produce enough to meet people’s needs C. there would be surplus labor and increased leisure for people D. unemployed people would suffer great psychological stress 4. Unlike the aged in the past centuries, the old people of the 20th century_____. A. no longer attached importance to work and family obligations B. felt greater threat from young people in seeking employment C. had a sense of loss when they were no longer needed by the society D. had to deal with much leisure afforded by retirement 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Beginning of Surplus Labor and Leisure B. The Ending of the Industrial Revolution C. The Influence of the Industrial Revolution on the Society D Surplus Labor and Unemployment in an Advanced Country Passage 2 Our bodies are wonderfully skillful at maintaining balance. When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down. When our blood pressure falls, our hearts pound to compensate. As it turns out, though, our natural state is not a steady one. Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function varies rhythmically with the cycles of the sun, the moon and seasons. And their insights are yielding new strategies for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer. Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge of the growing field of “chronotherapeutics”, the strategic use of time(chronos) in medicine. But according to a new American Medical Association poll, three out of four are eager to change that. “The field is exploding,” says Michael Smolensky. Doctors used to look at us like, “What spaceship did you guys get off?” Now they’re thirsty to know more. In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic conditions should take their medicine at steady rates. “It’s a terrible way to treat disease,” says Dr. Richard Martin. For example, asthmatics are most likely to suffer during the night. Yet most patients strive to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night, whether by breathing in on an inhaler four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening. In recent studies, researchers have found that a large mid-afternoon dose of a bronchodilator can be as sage as several small doses, and better for preventing nighttime attacks. If the night belongs to asthma, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease

Heart attacks are twice as common at 9 a m. as at ll p.m. Part of the reason is that our blood pressure falls predictably at night, then peaks as we start to work for the day. " Doctors know that, says Dr. Henry Black of Chicago's medical center, " but until now, we haven't been able to do anything about it "Most blood-pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief. But because they re taken in the morning, theyre least effective when most needed. ""You take your pill at 7 and it's working by 9, says Dr. William White of the University of Connecticut Health Center But by that time you're gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection Bedtime dosing would prevent that lapse, but it would also push blood pressure to dangerously low levels during the night 6. According to the author, it is best for asthmatics to take their medicines B. each morning and evening C. when the disease occurs D. at mid-afternoo 7. Researchers are finding that A heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beings B. blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of the sun, the moon and seasons C the functions of human bodies have much to do with nature D. any change in human bodies goes systematically with changes in the environment 8. According to the passage, how do human bodies maintain balance? B People increase or lower the body temperature by sweating C. People's hearts pound to compensate when the blood pressure goes up D Both b and c 9. Which of the following statements is not true? A Doctors know more about chronotherapeutics than before B. Doctors in the US used to be thirsty to know more about the new medical field C. The researchers'insights are providing new strategies to prevent common killers D. The strategic use of time in medicine attracts more attention in the medical circle in the US 10. The suggested title for this passage might be A Medicine Is Everything B. Treatment Is Everything C Prevention Is Everythir D. Timing Is Everything Passage 3 Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travelers scratching their heads over what's going on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travelers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, theres no escaping airline alliances: the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega-groupings, Oneworld and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travelers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year, Oneworld and Star Alliance will between

Heart attacks are twice as common at 9 a.m. as at 11 p.m. Part of the reason is that our blood pressure falls predictably at night, then peaks as we start to work for the day. “Doctors know that,” says Dr. Henry Black of Chicago’s medical center, “but until now, we haven’t been able to do anything about it.” Most blood-pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief. But because they’re taken in the morning, they’re least effective when most needed. “You take your pill at 7 and it’s working by 9,” says Dr. William White of the University of Connecticut Health Center. “But by that time you’re gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection.” Bedtime dosing would prevent that lapse, but it would also push blood pressure to dangerously low levels during the night. 6. According to the author, it is best for asthmatics to take their medicines_____. A. at steady rates B. each morning and evening C. when the disease occurs D. at mid-afternoon 7. Researchers are finding that___________. A. heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beings B. blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of the sun, the moon and seasons C. the functions of human bodies have much to do with nature D. any change in human bodies goes systematically with changes in the environment 8. According to the passage, how do human bodies maintain balance? A. They adjust themselves timely in line with their physical conditions. B. People increase or lower the body temperature by sweating. C. People’s hearts pound to compensate when the blood pressure goes up. D. Both B and C. 9. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Doctors know more about chronotherapeutics than before. B. Doctors in the US used to be thirsty to know more about the new medical field. C. The researchers’ insights are providing new strategies to prevent common killers. D. The strategic use of time in medicine attracts more attention in the medical circle in the US. 10. The suggested title for this passage might be_____. A. Medicine Is Everything B. Treatment Is Everything C. Prevention Is Everything D. Timing Is Everything Passage 3 Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travelers scratching their heads over what’s going on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travelers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, there’s no escaping airline alliances: the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega-groupings, Oneworld and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travelers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year, Oneworld and Star Alliance will between

them control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Let's just say the timing is mutually convenient. North American airlines, having exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago----just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground (rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew) and code-sharing---the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft So alliances are terrific for airlines----but are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, say the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP( frequent flyer program) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then there's the promise of"seamless travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to rome to New York to Rio de Janiero, all on one icket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacifics director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. "Its fair to say that these links are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information sharing. We're working on this. Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in hong Kong lists some of the other benefits for consumers:"Global travelers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries. " Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards Critics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programs. Jeff Blyskal, associate editor of Consumer Reports magazine, says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. "I dont see much of a gain fo consumers: alliances are just a marketing gimmick. And as far as seamless travel goes, I'll believe it when I see it. Most airlines can't even get their own connections under control, let alone coordinate with another airline Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same oute at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seat will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for ticket The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. And how much they affect you depends on what kind of traveler you are Those who' ve already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For example, if you're a Marco Polo Club"gold" member of Cathay Pacifics Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of Oneworld, of which Cathy Pacific is a member----even if you ve never flown with them before For those who havent made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of frequent flyer mile. For example, I belong to United Airline's Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25,000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance member----All Nippon Airways and Thai Airways

them control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Let’s just say the timing is mutually convenient. North American airlines, having exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago----just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground (rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew) and code-sharing----the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are terrific for airlines-----but are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, say the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP ( frequent flyer program) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then there’s the promise of “seamless” travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to Rome to New York to Rio de Janiero, all on one ticket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacific’s director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. “It’s fair to say that these links are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information sharing. We’re working on this.” Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for consumers: “Global travelers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries.” Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards. Critics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programs. Jeff Blyskal, associate editor of Consumer Reports magazine, says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. “ I don’t see much of a gain for consumers: alliances are just a marketing gimmick. And as far as seamless travel goes, I’ll believe it when I see it. Most airlines can’t even get their own connections under control, let alone coordinate with another airline.” Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for ticket. The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. And how much they affect you depends on what kind of traveler you are. Those who’ve already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For example, if you’re a Marco Polo Club “gold ”member of Cathay Pacific’s Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of Oneworld, of which Cathy Pacific is a member----even if you’ve never flown with them before. For those who haven’t made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of frequent flyer mile. For example, I belong to United Airline’s Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25,000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance member----All Nippon Airways and Thai Airways