THE BUSINESS TRANSLATOR Dawn Montague ASPatorE C-Level Business Intelligence"M
The Business Translator Dawn Montague
THE BUSINESS TRANSLATOR Table of contents How to Use this book Pronunciation guide Afrikaans Akan(also called TWn) 24 Albanian Amharic arabi 334 Armenian 54 Belarusian 68 Bemba(see Cibemba) 76 Bengali 77 Bosnian(see serbo-Croatian) Bulgarian Cambodian(see Khmer) 93 Cebuano Chichewa(also called Nyanja) 98 Chikaonde(see Kikaonde 105 Chilunda(see lunda) Chinese( mandarin) Chitumbuka(also called Tumbuka) 113 Cibemba(also called bemba or Ichibemba) 118 Citonga(also called Plateau Tonga or Zambesi) 124 Congo(see Kongo 130 Croatian(see Serbo-Croatian) Czech 132 Dagaare 140 Danish Dari 151 Dutc Estonian 164 Finnish 179 French Gaelic Irish Gaelic. Scots 199 Ganda(see Lagunda) 206 Georgian
The Business Translator Table of Contents How to Use this Book 13 Pronunciation Guide 14 Afrikaans 17 Akan (also called TWI) 24 Albanian 31 Amharic 38 Arabic 45 Armenian 54 Azeri 61 Belarusian 68 Bemba (see Cibemba) 76 Bengali 77 Bosnian (see Serbo-Croatian) 83 Bulgarian 84 Cambodian (see Khmer) 93 Cebuano 94 Chichewa (also called Nyanja) 98 Chikaonde (see Kikaonde) 105 Chilunda (see Lunda) 106 Chinese (Mandarin) 107 Chitumbuka (also called Tumbuka) 113 Cibemba (also called Bemba or Ichibemba) 118 Citonga (also called Plateau Tonga or Zambesi) 124 Congo (see Kongo) 130 Croatian (see Serbo-Croatian) 131 Czech 132 Dagaare 140 Danish 145 Dari 151 Dutch 158 Estonian 164 Farsi 171 Finnish 179 French 185 Gaelic, Irish 192 Gaelic, Scots 199 Ganda (see Lagunda) 206 Georgian 207
German 213 Greek 220 Haitian Creole 228 Hebrew 239 Hindi 247 Hungarian 257 Icelandic 265 Ichibemba(see Cibemba) 272 Ilocano/ilokano(see loko) loko(also called llocano or ilokano 274 Indonesian Italian 2 Japanese 295 Kaonde(see Kikaonde) 303 Khmer(also called Cambodian 304 Kikaonde(also called Kaonde or Chikaonde) 314 Kikongo(see Kongo) 319 Kongo(also called Kikongo or Congo) 320 Kore 327 Lingala 333 Lozi(see Silozi) 340 Lunda(also called chilunda 341 Luvale Ndebele 352 360 Norwegian 366 Nyanja(see Chichewa) 371 Polish 372 Portuguese 378 Quechua 384 Romanian RI 397 Sotho, Southern(see Sesotho) 405 Serbian(see Serbo-Croatian) 406 Sesotho(also called Southern Sotho) 421 Setswant(also called Tswana) 429 Silozi(also called lozi) 437 Spanish 449 Tagalog 455 Tonga, Plateau(see Citonga) 459
German 213 Greek 220 Haitian Creole 228 Hausa 234 Hebrew 239 Hindi 247 Hungarian 257 Icelandic 265 Ichibemba (see Cibemba) 272 Ilocano/Ilokano (see Iloko) 273 Iloko (also called Ilocano or Ilokano) 274 Indonesian 282 Italian 288 Japanese 295 Kaonde (see Kikaonde) 303 Khmer (also called Cambodian) 304 Kikaonde (also called Kaonde or Chikaonde) 314 Kikongo (see Kongo) 319 Kongo (also called Kikongo or Congo) 320 Korean 327 Lingala 333 Lozi (see Silozi) 340 Lunda (also called Chilunda) 341 Luvale 346 Ndebele 352 Nepali 360 Norwegian 366 Nyanja (see Chichewa) 371 Polish 372 Portuguese 378 Quechua 384 Romanian 391 Russian 397 Sotho, Southern (see Sesotho) 405 Serbian (see Serbo-Croatian) 406 Serbo-Croatian 407 Sesotho (also called Southern Sotho) 421 Setswant (also called Tswana) 429 Silozi (also called Lozi) 437 Somali 442 Spanish 449 Tagalog 455 Tonga, Plateau (see Citonga) 459
Tsonga(see Xitsonga) 460 Tswana(see Setswana) 461 Tumbuka(see Chitumbuka) 462 TI urkIsh 463 Twi(see Akan) Xhosa 470 Xitsonga (also called Tsonga) 480 Zambesi(see Citonga 488 Zulu 489 Countries of the World, Official languages and US Embassies Afghanistan 499 Albanian 500 Algeria 500 American Samoa 500 Andorra 500 Anguilla 50l Ans Antigua and Barbuda 50l Argentina 502 Armenia 02 502 australia 503 Austria 503 Azerbaijan Bahamas 503 Bahrain 504 Bangladesh 504 Barbados 504 Belarus 505 belgium 505 Belize 505 Benin 505 Bermuda 506 Bhutan 506 Bolivia Bosnia-herzegovina 506 Botswana Brazil British indian ocean territory British Virgin islands 508 Brunei 509
Tsonga (see Xitsonga) 460 Tswana (see Setswana) 461 Tumbuka (see Chitumbuka) 462 Turkish 463 Twi (see Akan) 469 Xhosa 470 Xitsonga (also called Tsonga) 480 Zambesi (see Citonga) 488 Zulu 489 Countries of the World, Official Languages and US Embassies 499 Afghanistan 499 Albanian 500 Algeria 500 American Samoa 500 Andorra 500 Anguilla 501 Angola 501 Antigua and Barbuda 501 Argentina 502 Armenia 502 Aruba 502 Australia 503 Austria 503 Azerbaijan 503 Bahamas 503 Bahrain 504 Bangladesh 504 Barbados 504 Belarus 505 Belgium 505 Belize 505 Benin 505 Bermuda 506 Bhutan 506 Bolivia 506 Bosnia-Herzegovina 506 Botswana 507 Brazil 507 British Indian Ocean Territory 508 British Virgin Islands 508 Brunei 509
Bulgaria Bukina faso 509 Burma(see Myanmar) 509 Burundi 510 C ambala 510 Cameroon Canada Canary islands Cape verde islands 555 022 Cayman Islands 512 Central African Republic 512 Chad 512 Chile 513 China 513 Colombia 514 Comoros islands 514 Congo, Republic of 514 Cook islands 15 Costa rica 555 15 Cote d'lvoire Croatia 516 Cuba 16 Cyprus 516 Czech republic Democratic Republic of Congo 517 Denmark 517 Djibouti 517 Dominica 518 Dominican republic 518 Easter Island 518 Ecuador gypt 19 EI Salvador 519 Equatorial guinea 520 Eritrea 520 Estonia 520 Ethiopia 520 Falkland island 521 Fi 52 Finland 52 france 521 French guiana 522 French polynesia 523
Bu l g aria 509 Buk i n a F a s o 509 Bu rma ( see M y a nm ar ) 509 Bu rund i 510 C a mbodia 510 C a m e roo n 510 C a n a d a 510 C a n ary I s l a n d s 512 C a p e V e r d e I sland s 512 C a yman I s l a n d s 512 C e ntral A fric a n R epublic 512 Ch a d 512 Chile 513 Ch i n a 513 Co l o mb i a 514 Co m oro s I sland s 514 Congo , R epub lic o f 514 Coo k I s l a n d s 515 Co s t a R i c a 515 Cote d Iv o i r e 515 Cr o atia 516 Cub a 516 C yp ru s 516 C zec h R e p ubli c 517 D e m o c r ati c R epublic o f C ong o 517 D e n m ark 517 Dj i bou t i 517 D omi nic a 518 D omi nic a n R e public 518 E a s t e r I s l an d 518 E c u ado r 518 E g yp t 519 E l Sal v a d o r 519 E q uatorial G u i n e a 520 E ritr e a 520 E s t o n i a 520 E th i o p i a 520 F a l k l an d I s l and s 521 Fij i 521 F i n l a n d 521 F r a nce 521 F r e n ch G uian a 522 F r e n ch P o lyn e s i a 523
Gambia 523 Georgia 523 Germany Ghana Gibraltar 525 Greec 526 Greenland 526 Grenada 526 Guadeloupe 526 uam Guatemala 222 52 Guinea-Bissau 527 Guyana 528 Haiti 528 Honduras 528 Hong Kong(part of China) 528 Hungary India 2223 55555555 9990 3 Ireland 32 Italy 532 Ivory Coast(see Cote d'Ivoire 533 Jamaica 533 Japa 534 Jordan Kazakhstan 535 Kenya Kiribati K mmg North 333 36 K Kosovo(part of Serbia) 536 Kuwait 536 Kyrgyzstan 677 aos Lathi 537 Lebanon Lesotho 538
G a bon 523 G a mb i a 523 G e o r g i a 523 G e rm any 524 G h a n a 525 G i b ralt a r 525 G r e e c e 526 G r e e n l an d 526 G r e n a d a 526 G u a deloup e 526 G u a m 527 G u a t e m a l a 527 G u i nea 527 G u i n e a - B i s s au 527 G u y a n a 528 H aiti 528 Hondur a s 528 Hon g K o ng (p art of C h i n a ) 528 Hun g ary 529 I cel a n d 529 India 529 Indonesia 530 Iran 531 Iraq 531 Ireland 532 Israel 532 Italy 532 Ivory Coast (see Cote dIvoire) 533 Jamaica 533 Japan 534 Jordan 535 Kazakhstan 535 Kenya 535 Kiribati 536 Korea, North 536 Korea, South 536 Kosovo (part of Serbia) 536 Kuwait 536 Kyrgyzstan 537 Laos 537 Latvia 537 Lebanon 538 Lesotho 538
Liberia 538 538 Liechtenstein 539 539 Luxembourg 539 Macedonia 539 Madagascar 540 Malaysia 540 Malawi 540 Maldives 541 Mali 541 Malta 541 Marshall islands 541 Martinique 542 Mauritania 542 Mauritius Mayotte 543 Mexico 543 Micronesia Midway Islands 544 Moldava 544 Monaco 44 Mongolia Morocco Montserrat 545 Mozambique 546 Myanmar Namibia 546 auru 547 Netherlands Netherlands antilles 548 New caledonia 5 New zealand 548 Nicaragua 549 N ger Nigeria 549 550 Norfolk island 550 Northern mariana islands 550 550 Oman Palau
L i b e ria 538 L i b y a 538 Lie c h t e n s t e i n 539 Lithu ania 539 L u xembo ur g 539 M a c e d o nia 539 M a d a g a s c ar 540 M a l ay s i a 540 M a l aw i 540 M a l d i v e s 541 M a l i 541 M a lta 541 M ar s h all I s l and s 541 M arti n i q u e 542 M auritania 542 M auriti u s 542 M ay ott e 543 M e x i c o 543 M i c r o n e sia 544 M i d w ay I sland s 544 M o l d av a 544 M o n a c o 544 M o ngolia 545 M o r o c c o 545 M o nt s e rrat 545 M o z a mb iqu e 546 M y an m a r 546 N ami bia 546 N a uru 547 N e p a l 547 N e th e r l a n d s 547 N e th e r l a n d s A ntill e s 548 N e w C a l e d o nia 548 N e w Z e a l and 548 N icar agu a 549 N i g e r 549 N i g e r i a 549 N i u e 550 Norfo l k I s l a n d 550 Nor th e rn M ar i a n a I sland s 550 Norw a y 550 O m a n 550 P alau 551
Pakistan Palestinian West bank and gaza 552 55 Papua New Guinea 9sU 553 Philippines 553 Pitcairn Poland 554 Puerto rico 55 Tatar RR 555 555 Russia 556 Rwanda 556 Samoa, Independent State of ( Western Samoa) 556 San marino 557 Sao tome e principe Saudi arabia 557 Senegal 55 Serbia(see yugoslavia) 888 Sierra leone 558 Singapore 558 Slovakia(Slovak republic) SIe avena 559 Solomon islands 559 Somalia 560 South africa S 61 Sri lanka 561 St helena St. Kitts-Nevis 562 St Pierre and miquelon 562 St. vincent and the grenadines 562 Sudan 563 Suriname Swede 555 3344 Switzerland S 565
Pakistan 551 Palestinian West Bank and Gaza 552 Panama 552 Papua New Guinea 552 Paraguay 553 Peru 553 Philippines 553 Pitcairn 554 Poland 554 Portugal 554 Puerto Rico 555 Qatar 555 Reunion 555 Romania 555 Russia 556 Rwanda 556 Samoa, Independent State of (Western Samoa) 556 San Marino 557 Sao Tome e Principe 557 Saudi Arabia 557 Senegal 558 Serbia (see Yugoslavia) 558 Seychelles 558 Sierra Leone 558 Singapore 558 Slovakia (Slovak Republic) 559 Slovenia 559 Solomon Islands 559 Somalia 560 South Africa 560 Spain 561 Sri Lanka 561 St. Helena 562 St. Kitts-Nevis 562 St. Lucia 562 St. Pierre and Miquelon 562 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 562 Sudan 563 Suriname 563 Swaziland 563 Sweden 564 Switzerland 564 Syria 565
Taiwan 565 Tajikistan 565 Tanzania 566 Thailand Timor lorosae To 567 Tokelau 567 567 Tunisia 568 Turkey 568 Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos islands 569 Tuvalu 569 Uganda 569 Ukraine 569 United Arab emirates 570 United Kingdom of great Britain and northern Ireland 570 USA 571 U.S. Virgin Islands 571 UI 571 Uzbekistan 571 Vanuatu 72 Vatican state 572 Ver 572 Vietnam 573 Wake island 573 Wallis and futuna 573 Yemen 573 Yugoslavia 573 Zaire(see Democratic Republic of Congo) 574 Zambia 574 Zimbabwe Computer Tips for travelers 575 Acknowledgements about the author
Taiwan 565 Tajikistan 565 Tanzania 566 Thailand 566 Timor Lorosae 566 Togo 567 Tokelau 567 Tonga 567 Tunisia 568 Turkey 568 Turkmenistan 568 Turks and Caicos Islands 569 Tuvalu 569 Uganda 569 Ukraine 569 United Arab Emirates 570 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 570 USA 571 U.S. Virgin Islands 571 Uruguay 571 Uzbekistan 571 Vanuatu 572 Vatican State 572 Venezuela 572 Vietnam 573 Wake Island 573 Wallis and Futuna 573 Yemen 573 Yugoslavia 573 Zaire (see Democratic Republic of Congo) 574 Zambia 574 Zimbabwe 574 Computer Tips for Travelers 575 Acknowledgements 580 About the Author 584
THE BUSINESS TRANSLATOR HOW TO USE THIS BOOK This book is not meant to cover every possible situation that could arise while traveling abroad, just basic needs of business travelers. It might help to remember that most non-English speaking people are thrilled when an English-speaker makes the effort to try to communicate in their language. It is a way of letting the other person know that you value th ulture and language, even if they can already communicate in English The phrases in this book have been contributed by many different translators, who have also provided the pronunciations The pronunciation guides are approximations based on the English phonetic system- it would be impossible to teach an English speaker every little nuance of correct pronunciation of a particular language just with the aid of this book. This book is not meant to be a substitute for a language course! But we have tried to create guides that an American English speaker can understand and use for successful communication in other languages with as little trouble as possible In each language chapter, if there are two lines in addition to the English(three in all), the second line is the phrase the way it is written in the foreign language, while the third line is the pronunciation guide. If there are only two lines in all, the second line is either a pronunciation guide(the foreign language was in a script we chose not to include in this book), or it is the foreign language, and no pronunciation line is needed because of the understandability of the writing system Most translators have provided cultural notes following the translation of the phrases. If there is no cultural commentary following the translation for a particular language, then the translator felt that there was probably nothing major to take into consideration in their country. This is no guarantee, of course It is always a good idea to read as much as you can about the culture of the country to which you are traveling before you go Also, it might be good to look at the cultural notes under other languages spoken in the same part of the world to which you are traveling
The Business Translator 13 HOW TO USE THIS BOOK This book is not meant to cover every possible situation that could arise while traveling abroad, just basic needs of business travelers. It might help to remember that most non-English speaking people are thrilled when an English-speaker makes the effort to try to communicate in their language. It is a way of letting the other person know that you value their culture and language, even if they can already communicate in English. The phrases in this book have been contributed by many different translators, who have also provided the pronunciations. The pronunciation guides are approximations based on the English phonetic system it would be impossible to teach an English speaker every little nuance of correct pronunciation of a particular language just with the aid of this book. This book is not meant to be a substitute for a language course! But we have tried to create guides that an American English speaker can understand and use for successful communication in other languages with as little trouble as possible. In each language chapter, if there are two lines in addition to the English (three in all), the second line is the phrase the way it is written in the foreign language, while the third line is the pronunciation guide. If there are only two lines in all, the second line is either a pronunciation guide (the foreign language was in a script we chose not to include in this book), or it is the foreign language, and no pronunciation line is needed because of the understandability of the writing system. Most translators have provided cultural notes following the translation of the phrases. If there is no cultural commentary following the translation for a particular language, then the translator felt that there was probably nothing major to take into consideration in their country. This is no guarantee, of course. It is always a good idea to read as much as you can about the culture of the country to which you are traveling before you go. Also, it might be good to look at the cultural notes under other languages spoken in the same part of the world to which you are traveling.
