第二节白三叶 ■RAG White clover 。 College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu White clover 第二节 白三叶
Introduction-white clover Scientific name:Trifolium repens L. Common name:White clover The world's most widely grown clover. originated in the Mediterranean region(地中海地区)and was subsequently spread throughout Europe by wind,water, birds,and grazing animals. It was cultivated in the Netherlands in the 1600's and introduced into England in thel700's.Early European colonists who had recognized its value as a pasture plant brought it to America.White clove revolved(循环出现) in areas characterized by fertile soils and good soil moisture F RAGES Its evolution and spread was closely associated with the domestication of grazing animalscopyrig reseved byLong College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture&Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Introductionwhite clover • Scientific name: Trifolium repens L. • Common name: White clover • The world’s most widely grown clover. • originated in the Mediterranean region（地中海地区） and was subsequently spread throughout Europe by wind, water, birds, and grazing animals. • It was cultivated in the Netherlands in the 1600’s and introduced into England in the1700’s. Early European colonists who had recognized its value as a pasture plant brought it to America. White clove revolved（循环出现） in areas characterized by fertile soils and good soil moisture. • Its evolution and spread was closely associated with the domestication of grazing animals
拉草福怡加 White Clover Important in pastures Three types small,medium,large Ladino or large type produces Stolons well adapted to grazing Poor drought tolerance 爱③3 persists via reseeding Very high in quality F■RAGE College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu White Clover • Important in pastures • Three types – small, medium, large • Ladino or large type produces • Stolons – well adapted to grazing • Poor drought tolerance – persists via reseeding • Very high in quality
W.M.Hamilton claimed: "The isolation of New Zealand No 1 White Clover was possibly the greatest single advance made in the recognition of a desirable pasture species-its vigour, high yield,and ability to respond to phosphate topdressing have been outstanding and of the greatest importance in raising pasture yields". P■RAGES Copyright reseved by Long College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu • W.M. Hamilton claimed: “The isolation of New Zealand No 1 White Clover was possibly the greatest single advance made in the recognition of a desirable pasture species its vigour, high yield, and ability to respond to phosphate（磷 酸盐） topdressing have been outstanding and of the greatest importance in raising pasture yields
Agronomic importance clover Improvement of pasture quality Ryegrass 10-20%crude protein Legumes 15-25%CP It is for this reason that legumes are important food stuffs for both humans and animals (about 60%crude protein). Ryegrass is okay for metabolic maintenance(维持代谢)but protein conc. too low for efficiently fattening animals ■RAGE (育肥家畜)· Copyright reseved by Long College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Agronomic importance clover • Improvement of pasture quality – Ryegrass 10 – 20% crude protein – Legumes 15 – 25% CP • It is for this reason that legumes are important food stuffs for both humans and animals (about 60% crude protein). • Ryegrass is okay for metabolic maintenance(维持代谢) but protein conc. too low for efficiently fattening animals （育肥家畜）
Agronomic importance -clover White clover fixes between 60 and 300 kg N/ha /yr. Urea(尿素)isS400 per tonne,and46% N,thus clover is worth between $50 and $260 per year. The average is ~150 kg N/ha/yr (-$130 yr). F RAGES Copyright reseved by Long College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu • White clover fixes between 60 and 300 kg N / ha / yr. • Urea（尿素） is $400 per tonne, and 46% N, thus clover is worth between $50 and $260 per year. • The average is ~150 kg N / ha / yr (~$130 yr). Agronomic importance clover
Botanical Description-white clover >Low growing short-lived perennial legume In well adapted areas-3 to 5 years In more stressful environments only 1 to 2 years Taproot FORAGES College of animal sci 西北体
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Taproot Botanical Descriptionwhite clover ÿLow growing shortlived perennial legume In well adapted areas 3 to 5 years In more stressful environments only 1 to 2 years
morphology and physiology-White clover White clover has a prostrate stem(grows horizontally along ground surface)called a stolon ● New phytomers(繁殖单位) are produced at the meristem.(分生组织) New phytomers have a leaf and a lateral bud 芽)。 FORAGES Copyright reseved by Long College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu morphology and physiology White clover • White clover has a prostrate stem (grows horizontally along ground surface) called a stolon. • New phytomers（繁殖单位） are produced at the meristem.（分生组织） • New phytomers have a leaf and a lateral bud（侧 芽）
拉草园怡加自 morphology and physiology-White clover 。 Since the stolon creeps along the ground,light interception(拦截) could be a problem, because it will be shaded by other plants. Clover gets around this problem by lifting its leaves above ground leve F■▣RAGES on a petiole. College of animal science,Northwest Agricuiture o rorestry universiy 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu • Since the stolon creeps along the ground， light interception（拦截） could be a problem, because it will be shaded by other plants. • Clover gets around this problem by lifting its leaves above ground level on a petiole. morphology and physiology White clover
Cupyrign resevedby cong College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系
__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu