Forage Cultivation Chapter 3 Pasture Establishment and Management Instructor: Long Mingxiu F■▣RAGE A Copyright reseved by Long M
2010322 1 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Forage Cultivation Chapter 3 Pasture Establishment and Management Instructor: Long Mingxiu
Pasture Establishment and Management Purpose Proper establishment is an important step in any successful forage stand. Desired establishment should result in dense stands that persist for: 。higher yields ● return on investment FORAGES ● increase of desired 2010-3-22 species Copyright reseved by Long M
2010322 8 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Purpose Proper establishment is an important step in any successful forage stand. Desired establishment should result in dense stands that persist for: • higher yields • return on investment • increase of desired species Pasture Establishment and Management
Overview of Chapter 3 Establishment 1.Species cultivar selection 。 2.Seedbed preparation 。 3.Time of planting FORAGE 。4.Seed treatments ESTABLISHMENT 。 5.Seeding depth 6.Seeding rates 。1 7.Seeding methods Managemant 8.Pasture renovation 9.Autotoxicity ■RAGE 10.Seed year harvest management 2010-3-22 ·11.Veed control Copyright reseved by Long Mig
2010322 9 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Overview of Chapter 3 Establishment • 1. Species / cultivar selection • 2. Seedbed preparation • 3. Time of planting • 4. Seed treatments • 5. Seeding depth • 6. Seeding rates • 7. Seeding methods Managemant • 8. Pasture renovation • 9. Autotoxicity • 10.Seed year harvest management • 11.Weed control
Pasture Establishment and Management 1.species/cultivar selection V2-344 You need to know: The area climate where to plant; usage of pasture; cultural condition:soil,cultivate technology; broad adaptability and good quality; F■RAGES Fresher seed 2010-3-22 Copyright reseved by LogM
2010322 10 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu 1. species/cultivar selection V2344 You need to know: The area climate where to plant; usage of pasture; cultural condition:soil,cultivate technology; broad adaptability and good quality; Fresher seed Pasture Establishment and Management
Seed germination of several forage species before and after storage Germination under room and subfreezing conditions Hanson Moore,1959 Alfalfa White Clover▣Lespedeza☐Crimson Clover☐Fescue▣Orchardgrass 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fresh Seed 12 Months 24 Months 36 Months 36 Months Room Room Room Freezer
2010322 11 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Seed germination of several forage species before and after storage
An effective forage program begins with a soil test 个好的种草项目是从士壤 测试开始的
2010322 12 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu • 一个好的种草项目是从土壤 测试开始的
Pasture Establishment and Management 2.Seedbed preparation V2-346 small seed size makes preparation essential .The ideal seedbed should be: ■smooth平整 ·firm紧实度 soit right hard ▣free of clods土块疏松 Copyright reseved by Long Mis
2010322 13 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu 2.Seedbed preparation V2346 • small seed size makes preparation essential •The ideal seedbed should be: ß smooth 平整 ß firm 紧实度 ß free of clods 土块疏松 Pasture Establishment and Management
拉草福怡加售 Harrowing耙地 Before Seeding 在播种前 Used to“Firm up” very mellow seedbeds ● 通常是“坚实”非常 松软的苗床 Improves seed placement and control of seed depth 改善播种质悬挖2 制播种深度 Copyright reseved by Long Mg
2010322 14 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Harrowing 耙地 • Before Seeding • 在播种前 • Used to “Firm up” very mellow seedbeds • 通常是“坚实”非常 松软的苗床 • Improves seed placement and control of seed depth • 改善播种质量，控 制播种深度
Spring Seeding春季播种 Time of Seeding -ideal time最好的时间 cool,moist conditions 播种时间 - ideal for germination寒冷、湿度适宜萌发 Summer Seeding夏季播种 -only if adequate moisture只有在湿度合适时 Fall seeding-can be very successful Dormant seeding_休眠/秋季播种 seeded late so that no germination fall延迟播种，以便无种子 在秋季萌发 may get frost kill if germinates too early如萌发过早易导致霜 冻 F RAGES 2010-3-22 can work well with direct seeding into stubble直接播效果也 好 Copyright reseved by Long M
2010322 15 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Time of Seeding 播种时间 • Spring Seeding 春季播种 – ideal time 最好的时间 – cool, moist conditions – ideal for germination 寒冷、湿度适宜萌发 • Summer Seeding 夏季播种 only if adequate moisture 只有在湿度合适时 • Fall seeding can be very successful • Dormant seeding 休眠/秋季播种 – seeded late so that no germination fall延迟播种，以便无种子 在秋季萌发 – may get frost kill if germinates too early如萌发过早易导致霜 冻 – can work well with direct seeding into stubble直接播种效果也 好
3.Seeding at proper time适时播种V2-344 timed to coincide with adequate rainfall and moderate temperatures ●spring advantages often more dependable moisture near optimum germination temperatures less risk of frost (legumes) .late summer/autumn advantages -fewer weed problems drier soils more workable
2010322 16 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu 3.Seeding at proper time 适时播种V2344 •timed to coincide with adequate rainfall and moderate temperatures • spring advantages ß often more dependable moisture ß near optimum germination temperatures ß less risk of frost (legumes) •late summer / autumn advantages ß fewer weed problems ß drier soils more workable