PLANTBREEDING 植物有种学 BY s Niu Yingze (牛应门
PLANT BREEDING 植物育种学 BY Niu Yingze （牛应泽） Dept. of Plant Breeding and Seed Engineering
PREFACE前言 1. Introduction to the course · Nature of the Course Teaching Plan( 54 hrs lec. +18 hrs exp. Language of the Course(Bilingual Course)
1. Introduction to the Course • Nature of the Course • Teaching Plan ( 54 hrs lec. +18 hrs exp.) • Language of the Course (Bilingual Course) PREFACE 前言
2. Significance of plant breeding Present Worldly problems Food Insufficiency(due to fast increase of population) Energy Shortage Environment Deterioration a Key solution to these problems: Increase in plant production increase in Plant Productivity(-Plant Breeding improvement in Cultivation Methods
2. Significance of Plant Breeding Present Worldly Problems: • Food Insufficiency (due to fast increase of population) • Energy Shortage • Environment Deterioration A Key Solution to these Problems: Increase in plant production • increase in Plant Productivity (- Plant Breeding) • improvement in Cultivation Methods
5-1 Billons(1000 mson) WORLD POPULATION HIGH ESTIMATE ESTIMATE 752000 Undernourishment is conspicuous in the huge WORLD URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION urban slums of many third world cities, some of which have trebled in size in 20 years. But alnutrition is just as bad among the rura oor who have neither the resources nor the knowledge to feed their own families, quite apart from producing a surplus to feed the Source: Unsted Nat ons De1d Thatis living in towns of ower 20.000 peopie
THE WORLDS TOP 30 CROPS (EXCLUDING GRASS) WHEAT MAIZE 375 POTATO SWEET POTATO GRAPES OATS ORGHUM 55 SUGARCANE ORANGES BANANA 40 TOMATO SUGAR BEET APPLES COCONUT COTTONSEED OI PEANUT 25 YAMH20 WATERMELON CABBAGE 15 ONION PEAS 10 SUNFLOWER SEED 10 MANGO 10 ANNUAL PRODUCTION (MILLIONSOF METRIC TONS)
The Impacts of Plant Breeding on Plant Agriculture Higher productivity(higher yield potential) Better Quality Diverse Uses New Crops(wild forms FN cultivated plants) Improvement in Cultivation technology
The Impacts of Plant Breeding on Plant Agriculture • Higher productivity (higher yield potential) • Better Quality • Diverse Uses • New Crops (wild forms ------cultivated plants) • Improvement in Cultivation technology
Table 1.1 Average yield (qt/ha)of important cereals in selected countries Crop Country 1948/52 1997 Yield as %o of 1948/52 heat 18.3 663 358 bulgaria l2.4 29.I 235 ogoslavia 1.4 36.5 Hungary 13.8 40.2 112 26.7 238 Romania 102 297 291 66 27.1 410 R Jar 42.5 631 USA 256 661 258 Philippines 11.8 283 240 Thailand 13.1 22.6 Indonesia 16.1 45.6 283 Ind 11.1 290 Maize USA 249 797 320 Ital 184 93,2 506 Hungary 17.7 59.6 337 france l3.6 90.7 Yugoslavia 13.4 373 278 Bulgaria 9.8 30.0 306 Romania 41.7 515 Source:*FAO Production year books**FAO quarterly Bulletin of Statistics, 1998
3. Requirements of the Course Study Hard, Seriously, and Actively Class lectures: Comprehend Well and Make Necessary Notes Off-Class studies: Timely review; Extra-Reading
3. Requirements of the Course • Study Hard , Seriously , and Actively • Class lectures: Comprehend Well and Make Necessary Notes • Off-Class studies: Timely review; Extra-Reading
4. Referance books. (一)教材 胡延吉主编,《植物育种学》,全国高等学校农林规划教材,高等教育出版 社,2003 (二)主要参考书 1.西农、川农主编,《作物育种学》总论、各论,农业出版社,1992。 2.潘家驹主编,《作物育种学总论》,全国高等农业院校教材,中国农业 出版社,1994年 3.景士西主编,《园艺植物育种学总论》,面向21世纪课程教材,中国农 业出版社,2000年 4.万蜀渊主编,《园艺植物繁殖学》,全国高等农业院校教材,中国农业 出版社,1996年。 5.赵梁军主编,《观赏植物生物学》,面向21世纪课程教材,中国农业出 版社,2002年。 6.卢庆善、孙毅等主编,《农作物杂种优势》,中国农业出版社,2001年 7.郑有良编著,《植物外源基因转移育种》,四川科技出版社,1998 8.许耀奎等编著,《作物诱变育种》,上海科技出版社,1985 9.沈煦环编著,《林木育种学》,全国高等林业院校使用教材,1990年。 10.G.S. Chahal,SSGosal, Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding, Alpha Science. Int/lLtd. UK. 2002 11. Hudson Hartmann, Dale Kester et al., Plant Propagation, Principles and Practices, 5th ed, Prentice Hall Career Technology. New Jersey, 1990
（一） 教材 胡延吉主编，《植物育种学》，全国高等学校农林规划教材，高等教育出版 社，2003。 （二）主要参考书 1. 西农、川农主编，《作物育种学》总论、各论，农业出版社，1992。 2. 潘家驹主编，《作物育种学总论》，全国高等农业院校教材，中国农业 出版社，1994年。 3. 景士西主编，《园艺植物育种学总论》，面向21世纪课程教材，中国农 业出版社，2000年。 4. 万蜀渊主编，《园艺植物繁殖学》，全国高等农业院校教材，中国农业 出版社，1996年。 5. 赵梁军主编，《观赏植物生物学》，面向21世纪课程教材，中国农业出 版社，2002年。 6. 卢庆善、孙毅等主编，《农作物杂种优势》，中国农业出版社，2001年 。 7. 郑有良编著，《植物外源基因转移育种》，四川科技出版社, 1998. 8. 许耀奎等编著，《作物诱变育种》，上海科技出版社, 1985. 9. 沈煦环编著，《林木育种学》，全国高等林业院校使用教材，1990年。 10.G.S.Chahal,S.S.Gosal, Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding, Alpha Science,Int’lLtd. UK, 2002. 11.Hudson Hartmann, Dale Kester et al., Plant Propagation, Principles and Practices, 5 th ed., Prentice Hall Career & Technology. New Jersey,1990. 4. Referance Books:
INTRODUCT|N绪论
INTRODUCTION 绪论