Unit 5 Ways to Success In this unit, you will a first listen, and then interview some successful people read about famous people and their success stories learn new words and expressions practice the use of the relative and appositive clauses; write greeting cards for achievements visit Culture Salon to read quotes from famous people L. Listen and talk The photos are all related to Ways to Success. Describe them to your classmates with the help of the following question 1. What is happening in these photos? Describe them as you imagir 2. Which photo do you like best? Why? 3. Who else do you know is successful in his/her career? IL. Read and explore Passagea My Advice to Students: Education Counts Lead-in Questions 1. Who is Bill Gates? What do you know about him? 2. What do you think of school education Does it play a significant role in your life? 3. Do you want to pursue graduate study after you get your Ba or BS? Explain Related nformation Bill gates Gates, William Henry, Ill(1955-)is an American business executive, who serves as chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation, the lead ing computer software company in the United States. Gates cofounded Microsoft in 1975 with high school friend Paul Allen. The companys success made Gates one of the most influential figures in the computer industry and eventually one of the Microsoft Corporation is a leading American computer software company Microsoft develops and sells a wide variety of software products to businesses and consumers in more than 50 countries. The companys Windows operating systems for personal computers are the most widely used operating systems in the world
1 Unit 5 Ways to Success In this unit, you will ◼ first listen, and then interview some successful people; ◼ read about famous people and their success stories; ◼ learn new words and expressions; ◼ practice the use of the relative and appositive clauses; ◼ write greeting cards for achievements; ◼ visit Culture Salon to read quotes from famous people. I. Listen and Talk The photos are all related to Ways to Success . Describe them to your classmates with the help of the following question. 1. What is happening in these photos? Describe them as you imagine. 2. Which photo do you like best? Why? 3. Who else do you know is successful in his/her career? II. Read and Explore Passage A My Advice to Students: Education Counts Lead-in Questions 1. Who is Bill Gates? What do you know about him? . 2. What do you think of school education? Does it play a significant role in your life? 3. Do you want to pursue graduate study after you get your BA or BS? Explain. Related Information ◼ Bill Gates Gates, William Henry, III (1955- ) is an American business executive, who serves as chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation, the leading computer software company in the United States. Gates cofounded Microsoft in 1975 with high school friend Paul Allen. The company’s success made Gates one of the most influential figures in the computer industry and, eventually, one of the richest people in the world. ◼ Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is a leading American computer software company. Microsoft develops and sells a wide variety of software products to businesses and consumers in more than 50 countries. The company’s Windows operating systems for personal computers are the most widely used operating systems in the world
Microsoft has its headquarters in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft s other well-known prc oroducts include Word, a word processor; Excel, a spreadsheet program; Access, a database program; and Power Point, a program for making business presentations. These programs are sold separately and as part of office an integrated software suite. Microsofts Internet Explorer allows users to browse the World Wide Web. Among the companys other products are reference applications; games; financial software;; programming languages for software developers; input devices, such as pointing devices and keyboards, and computer-related books Ohio Ohio is one of the east north Central states of the united States ohio is located on several main routes between the eastern and western United States Therefore it attracted settlers from all parts of the country and developed a culture significant for its diversity. Ohio first developed as an agricultural region, and more than half of the land is still devoted to growing crops and raising livestock. The states position on major east-west highways and railroads and its access to Lake Erie and the Ohio River, however, offered a large potential market for industrial production. This strategic location, combined with the presence of abundant natural resources and potential sources of power, made possible the rise of the industrial concentrations that have made ohio a lead ing industrial state Notes to the text 1. It's true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out--and I'd love to have the time to go back.(para. 4) It's true that I left college early to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before I left, and if I had the time I'd love to go back(for my further study) 不错,为创建微软,我未完成大学学业,不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛呆了三 年,而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园 2. Since you are a success, my students perceive that as a reason not to care much about getting a good education. (para. 5) As you are a success, my students tend to infer from your success that they don't have to worry very much about doing well in school 你成功了,我的学生因此就认为没有必要接受良好的教育 3. But somebody hand ing you a book doesn,'t automatically foster learning.(para But if someone gives you a book you may not necessarily learn anything from it 但人家递给你一本书并不能自动地让你学到东西。 4. In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing software but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests.(para. 12)
2 Microsoft has its headquarters in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft’s other well-known products include Word, a word processor; Excel, a spreadsheet program; Access, a database program; and PowerPoint, a program for making business presentations. These programs are sold separately and as part of Office, an integrated software suite. Microsoft’s Internet Explorer allows users to browse the World Wide Web. Among the company’s other products are reference applications; games; financial software; programming languages for software developers; input devices, such as pointing devices and keyboards; and computer-related books. ◼ Ohio Ohio is one of the East North Central states of the United States. Ohio is located on several main routes between the eastern and western United States. Therefore it attracted settlers from all parts of the country and developed a culture significant for its diversity. Ohio first developed as an agricultural region, and more than half of the land is still devoted to growing crops and raising livestock. The state’s position on major east-west highways and railroads and its access to Lake Erie and the Ohio River, however, offered a large potential market for industrial production. This strategic location, combined with the presence of abundant natural resources and potential sources of power, made possible the rise of the industrial concentrations that have made Ohio a leading industrial state. Notes to the Text 1. It's true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out--and I'd love to have the time to go back. (para. 4) It's true that I left college early to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before I left, and if I had the time I'd love to go back (for my further study). 不错，为创建微软，我未完成大学学业，不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛呆了三 年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。 2. Since you are a success, my students perceive that as a reason not to care much about getting a good education.(para. 5) As you are a success, my students tend to infer from your success that they don't have to worry very much about doing well in school. 你成功了，我的学生因此就认为没有必要接受良好的教育。 3. But somebody handing you a book doesn't automatically foster learning. (para. 10) But if someone gives you a book you may not necessarily learn anything from it. 但人家递给你一本书并不能自动地让你学到东西。 4. In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests. (para. 12)
Sometimes in high school I engaged myself wholly in writing software, but most of the time I stud ied a large variety of subjects 读高中时,我有一段时间醉心于软件编写,但大部分时间里,我的学习兴趣 相当广泛。 5. One parent wrote me that her 15-year-old son"lost himself in the hole of the computer One parent wrote me that her 15-year-od son became completely preocupied by the computer and ignored everything else 有位家长写信说,她15岁的儿子“钻进计算机无底洞里了 6. It's fine to take a deep interest in computers, dance, language or any other discipline, but not if it jeopardizes breadth. (para. 15) It's Ok to be very strongly interested in any subject or activ ity such as computers dance, or language, but not if it makes your interests too narrow 你对计算机、舞蹈、语言或其他任何的科目有深入的兴趣也无可厚非,但太 偏执而舍弃学习广度则不是一件好事了。 7. If you fall into an obsessive pattern in high school, you've got two problems If you fall into a bad habit of having strong but narrow interests in high school, you have two problems(not just one 如果高中阶段兴趣过于集中,你会面临两个问题。 8. Graduate school is one way to get specialized knowledge, although extended college education isn't always a good investment from a purely economic stand point (para. 17 Graduate school is one way to study a particular academic area, but it may not be the wisest way to invest your time and your tuition money 读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径,不过从纯经济角度来看,大学毕业后 再接受教育不总是明智的投资, Summary of the text It is well known that Bill Gates dropped out of college. Some people even think he never finished high school. In fact he finished three years at Harvard, where he studied a variety of subjects and only took one computer class. His main advice to students is to do much as he did, but to finish college before dropping out unless the opportunity of a lifetime appears. He feels students should not specialize too soon If they do specialize they should also pursue other subjects and make acceptable grades. Above all else he believes students should learn how to learn, so they can learn on their own outside the classroom this in fact is how gates learned most of what he knows about computers, though he apparently feels that most students need a somewhat more structured approach to education than he had
3 Sometimes in high school I engaged myself wholly in writing software, but most of the time I studied a large variety of subjects. 读高中时，我有一段时间醉心于软件编写，但大部分时间里，我的学习兴趣 相当广泛。 5. One parent wrote me that her 15-year-old son "lost himself in the hole of the computer." (para. 14) One parent wrote me that her 15-year-od son became completely preocupied by the computer and ignored everything else. 有位家长写信说，她 15 岁的儿子“钻进计算机无底洞里了”。 6. It's fine to take a deep interest in computers, dance, language or any other discipline, but not if it jeopardizes breadth. (para. 15) It's OK to be very strongly interested in any subject or activity such as computers, dance, or language, but not if it makes your interests too narrow. 你对计算机、舞蹈、语言或其他任何的科目有深入的兴趣也无可厚非，但太 偏执而舍弃学习广度则不是一件好事了。 7. If you fall into an obsessive pattern in high school, you've got two problems. (para. 16) If you fall into a bad habit of having strong but narrow interests in high school, you have two problems (not just one). 如果高中阶段兴趣过于集中，你会面临两个问题。 8. Graduate school is one way to get specialized knowledge, although extended college education isn't always a good investment from a purely economic standpoint. (para. 17) Graduate school is one way to study a particular academic area , but it may not be the wisest way to invest your time and your tuition money. 读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径，不过从纯经济角度来看，大学毕业后 再接受教育不总是明智的投资。 Summary of the Text It is well known that Bill Gates dropped out of college. Some people even think he never finished high school. In fact he finished three years at Harvard, where he studied a variety of subjects and only took one computer class. His main advice to students is to do much as he did, but to finish college before dropping out unless the opportunity of a lifetime appears. He feels students should not specialize too soon. If they do specialize they should also pursue other subjects and make acceptable grades. Above all else he believes students should learn how to learn, so they can learn on their own outside the classroom. This in fact is how Gates learned most of what he knows about computers, though he apparently feels that most students need a somewhat more structured approach to education than he had
Words and expressions 1. take advantage of: make use of, profit from E xample We should take full advantage of the exceptional opportunity open in exports You'd better take advantage of the warm weather by going for a walk this afternoon 2. opportunity: a favorable moment or occasion(for doing something) Examples It will give you an opportunity to meet all kinds of people Don, t let slip any opportunity of practicing your English 3. claim: say that(sth ) is true or is a fact without having any proof Jean claims to own a car but i don 't believe her. He claimed that he had done the work without help 4. let alone: not to mention E I have not even read the first chapter, let alone finished the book The baby can't even walk, let alone run 5. threaten: hang over dangerously, uttera threat; give warning of E Giant pandas are threatened with extinction Dark skies threaten rain 6. look to: depend on the action of Examples We look to you for help / to help us An able young man is ashamed to look to others for assistance 7. foster: help(something to grow or develop Examples Cooperative learning fosters a spirit of cooperation The mother tried to foster her son's interest in music by taking him to concerts when he was young 8. focus on: direct one's attention to Today we're going to focus on the question of homeless people in London As we can't study all the resources, I propose we focus attention on one of
4 Words and Expressions 1. take advantage of: make use of, profit from Examples: • We should take full advantage of the exceptional opportunity open in exports. • You'd better take advantage of the warm weather by going for a walk this afternoon. 2. opportunity: a favorable moment or occasion (for doing something) Examples: • It will give you an opportunity to meet all kinds of people. • Don't let slip any opportunity of practicing your English. 3. claim: say that (sth.) is true or is a fact without having any proof Examples: • Jean claims to own a car but I don't believe her. • He claimed that he had done the work without help. 4. let alone: not to mention Examples: • I have not even read the first chapter, let alone finished the book. • The baby can't even walk, let alone run. 5. threaten: hang over dangerously, utter a threat; give warning of Examples: • Giant pandas are threatened with extinction. • Dark skies threaten rain. 6. look to: depend on the action of Examples: • We look to you for help / to help us. • An able young man is ashamed to look to others for assistance. 7. foster: help (something) to grow or develop Examples: • Cooperative learning fosters a spirit of cooperation. • The mother tried to foster her son's interest in music by taking him to concerts when he was young. 8. focus on: direct one's attention to Examples: • Today we're going to focus on the question of homeless people in London. • As we can't study all the resources, I propose we focus attention on one of
9. grateful: feeling or showing thanks E I was most grateful to John for bringing the books We are grateful to our neighbors for help in time of trouble 10. discipline: a method of training E Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory In learning a foreign language, pronunciation drills and question and answer drills are good discipline 11. capable: having ability of doing or the power to do Ex She is extremely capable and dependable This computer is capable of storing millions of bits of information 12. appropriate: correct or suitable Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. It seemed appropriate to end with a joke 13. lead to: have as a result cause a bad cold can lead to pneumonia Hard work leads to success Understanding the text 1. Why do many students write to Gates every year? They want to get his advice about education 2. Why do some parents write to Gates? They want to get guidance for their children 3. What does Gates think of dropping out of school? He discourages it 4. Which university did Gates go to? Did he graduate with a degree He went to Harvard but he dropped out in his junior year. 5. When does Gates think is the appropriate time for students to think about specialization?
5 them. 9. grateful: feeling or showing thanks Examples: • I was most grateful to John for bringing the books. • We are grateful to our neighbors for help in time of trouble. 10. discipline: a method of training Examples: • Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory. • In learning a foreign language, pronunciation drills and question and answer drills are good discipline. 11. capable: having ability of doing or the power to do Examples: • She is extremely capable and dependable. • This computer is capable of storing millions of bits of information. 12. appropriate: correct or suitable Examples: • Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. • It seemed appropriate to end with a joke. 13. lead to: have as a result, cause Examples: • A bad cold can lead to pneumonia. • Hard work leads to success. Understanding the Text 1. Why do many students write to Gates every year? They want to get his advice about education. 2. Why do some parents write to Gates? They want to get guidance for their children. 3. What does Gates think of dropping out of school? He discourages it. 4. Which university did Gates go to? Did he graduate with a degree? He went to Harvard but he dropped out in his junior year. 5. When does Gates think is the appropriate time for students to think about specialization?
He thinks that students should think about specialization while in college 6. Many students choose to work for a while before going to a university. What do you think of this? Passage b Christopher Reeve--A Real Superman Lead-in Questions 1. Have you ever benefited from pubic service advertisements? 2. Can you mention one or two slogans from public service advertisements? 3. Do you think public service campaigns necessary? Explain Related information Christopher reeve Actor, director and activist are just some of the words used to describe Christopher Reeve. From his first appearance at the williamstown Theatre Festival at the age of 15, Reeve established a reputation as one of the country's leading actors. However, since he was paralyzed in an equestrian competition 1995, Reeve has not only put a human face on spinal cord injury but he has motivated neuroscientists around the world to conquer the most complex diseases of the brain and central nervous system Superman Superman is a motion picture about a newspaper reporter with supernatural powers, based on the comic strip created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. Released in 1978, this box-office hit stars Christopher Reeve as Superman and Gene Hackman as Lex Luthor, the criminal mastermind. Superman is a native of the planet Krypton, but he grows up on a farm in rural America. He moves to the big city and gets a job as a reporter. At the newspaper, he is known as mild-mannered reporter Clark Kent, but when he puts on his cape and fights crime, he becomes Superman. Superman rescues a kitten from a tree and California from falling into the ocean. He begins to fall in love with the reporter Lois Lane(played by Margot Kidder), and she begins to suspect that Superman and Clark Kent are one and the same. The film earmed a special Academy Award for its visual effects and inspired three sequels, including Superman II State of virginia Virginia(state), in full Commonwealth of Virginia is a state in the eastern United
6 He thinks that students should think about specialization while in college. 6. Many students choose to work for a while before going to a university. What do you think of this? Open. Passage B Christopher Reeve--A Real Superman Lead-in Questions 1. Have you ever benefited from pubic service advertisements? 2. Can you mention one or two slogans from public service advertisements? 3. Do you think public service campaigns necessary? Explain. Related Information ◼ Christopher Reeve Actor, director and activist are just some of the words used to describe Christopher Reeve. From his first appearance at the Williamstown Theatre Festival at the age of 15, Reeve established a reputation as one of the country's leading actors. However, since he was paralyzed in an equestrian competition in 1995, Reeve has not only put a human face on spinal cord injury but he has motivated neuroscientists around the world to conquer the most complex diseases of the brain and central nervous system. ◼ Superman Superman is a motion picture about a newspaper reporter with supernatural powers, based on the comic strip created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. Released in 1978, this box-office hit stars Christopher Reeve as Superman and Gene Hackman as Lex Luthor, the criminal mastermind. Superman is a native of the planet Krypton, but he grows up on a farm in rural America. He moves to the big city and gets a job as a reporter. At the newspaper, he is known as mild-mannered reporter Clark Kent, but when he puts on his cape and fights crime, he becomes Superman. Superman rescues a kitten from a tree and California from falling into the ocean. He begins to fall in love with the reporter Lois Lane (played by Margot Kidder), and she begins to suspect that Superman and Clark Kent are one and the same. The film earned a special Academy Award for its visual effects and inspired three sequels, including Superman II ◼ State of Virginia Virginia (state), in full Commonwealth of Virginia is a state in the eastern United
States and one of the original 13 colonies. Named for the Virgin Queen, Elizabeth I of England virginia was England s first successful overseas colony and the site of the first permanent English settlement in America. At one time it held territory from which several other states were later formed. West Virginia was part of Virginia until 1863. Virg inias rich political heritage helped shape the democratic principles on which the United States was founded Virginia played an important role in the American Revolution(1775-1783, and it entered the Union as the tenth of the original 13 states on June 25. 1788. during the american Civil we (1861-1865)the state s capital, Richmond, was also capital of the Confederacy The state has long been nicknamed Old Dominion oronto Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario, Canada, located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. Toronto has the largest metropolitan area in Canada and is the financial center of the country. The city is part of the Golden Horseshoe, a highly urbanized and industrialized region extending around the west end of Lake Ontario. In the 1990s Toronto was ranked among the top ten world cities, both in livability and as a place to do business Boston University Boston University is a private, coeducational institution in Boston, Massachusetts Founded in 1839 in Newbury, Vermont, the school was the first Methodist(see Method ism)seminary in the United States. In 1847 the school moved to Concord New Hampshire, and in 1867 it moved to boston, where it was chartered as the Boston Theological Seminary. In 1869 the school was chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and renamed Boston University Notes to the text 1. No one could imagine Christopher Reeve any other way.(para. 1) This was the only way anyone could imagine Christopher Reeve 谁也无法想象克里斯托弗会是另外一种样子。 2. His horse, Eastern Express, appeared to be in fine shape. (para. 2) His horse, Eastern Express, seemed ready to run and win the race 他的坐骑“东方快车”显得状态颇佳 3. He thought it might be best for his family, too. (para. 5) He thought it might also be the best thing for his family (if he would die 他想放弃生存对家人而言也是最佳方案。 4. Wherever Christopher appeared, his speeches met with stand ing ovations-and many teary faces. (para. 8 Wherever Christopher appeared, people stood to applaud and many of them were
7 States and one of the original 13 colonies. Named for the Virgin Queen, Elizabeth I of England, Virginia was England’s first successful overseas colony and the site of the first permanent English settlement in America. At one time it held territory from which several other states were later formed. West Virginia was part of Virginia until 1863. Virginia’s rich political heritage helped shape the democratic principles on which the United States was founded. Virginia played an important role in the American Revolution (1775-1783), and it entered the Union as the tenth of the original 13 states on June 25, 1788. During the American Civil War (1861-1865) the state’s capital, Richmond, was also capital of the Confederacy. The state has long been nicknamed Old Dominion. ◼ Toronto Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario, Canada, located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. Toronto has the largest metropolitan area in Canada and is the financial center of the country. The city is part of the Golden Horseshoe, a highly urbanized and industrialized region extending around the west end of Lake Ontario. In the 1990s Toronto was ranked among the top ten world cities, both in livability and as a place to do business. ◼ Boston University Boston University is a private, coeducational institution in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1839 in Newbury, Vermont, the school was the first Methodist (see Methodism) seminary in the United States. In 1847 the school moved to Concord, New Hampshire, and in 1867 it moved to Boston, where it was chartered as the Boston Theological Seminary. In 1869 the school was chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and renamed Boston University. Notes to the Text 1. No one could imagine Christopher Reeve any other way. (para. 1) This was the only way anyone could imagine Christopher Reeve. 谁也无法想象克里斯托弗会是另外一种样子。 2. His horse, Eastern Express, appeared to be in fine shape. (para.2) His horse, Eastern Express, seemed ready to run and win the race. 他的坐骑“东方快车”显得状态颇佳。 3. He thought it might be best for his family, too. (para. 5) He thought it might also be the best thing for his family (if he would die). 他想放弃生存对家人而言也是最佳方案。 4. Wherever Christopher appeared, his speeches met with standing ovations - and many teary faces. (para. 8) Wherever Christopher appeared, people stood to applaud and many of them were
mov ed to tears 不论克里斯托弗出现在哪里,人们都起立喝彩,很多人甚至泪流满面。 5. After nighttime dreams of running and playing with his son, he needed the 20 minutes to wake up and make that shift"(para 8) er dreaming at night about running and playing with his son, he needed 20 minutes to adjust to the fact that he was still crippled 整晚都梦见和儿子奔跑玩耍,他需要20分钟来“清醒和调整...” Summary of the text Christopher Reeve at age 42 was a very successful actor with a wife and a young son. He was healthy, energetic, and athletic. In 1995 he entered a horse riding competition and had an accident. The fall broke his neck, permanently paralyzing him and threatening his life. Despite his deep despair, he persevered with his recovery First he had to learn to breathe on his own which took several months Then he went home from the hospital and started his life and career again He became a motivational speaker, encouraging others not to give up despite the allenges and obstacles they face. Eventually he also returned to acting and directing movies although he was still paralyzed. Every day he must face this depressing fact with optimism and will power. The courageous way he does so proves that he is still successfully playing his most famous role -Superman Words and Expressions 1. approval: admiration for someone; the act of approving Ex Oliver looked at Simon with approval We all like others to show approval of what we do 2. ease: the ability to do something without difficulty; the state of being comfortable and without worry and anxiety Examples The wall is so low that they jump over it with ease The ease with which he started the engine was remarkable 3. break down: fail, (of machinery) fail to work E The peace talks have broken down We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down 4. result in: have as a result. cause Ex The accident resulted in the deaths of 2 passengers
8 moved to tears. 不论克里斯托弗出现在哪里，人们都起立喝彩，很多人甚至泪流满面。 5. After nighttime dreams of running and playing with his son, he needed the 20 minutes "to wake up and make that shift…"(para. 8) After dreaming at night about running and playing with his son, he needed 20 minutes to adjust to the fact that he was still crippled. 整晚都梦见和儿子奔跑玩耍，他需要 20 分钟来“清醒和调整……” Summary of the Text Christopher Reeve at age 42 was a very successful actor with a wife and a young son. He was healthy, energetic, and athletic. In 1995 he entered a horse riding competition and had an accident. The fall broke his neck, permanently paralyzing him and threatening his life. Despite his deep despair, he persevered with his recovery. First he had to learn to breathe on his own, which took several months. Then he went home from the hospital and started his life and career again. He became a motivational speaker, encouraging others not to give up despite the challenges and obstacles they face. Eventually he also returned to acting and directing movies although he was still paralyzed. Every day he must face this depressing fact with optimism and will power. The courageous way he does so proves that he is still successfully playing his most famous role - Superman! Words and Expressions 1. approval: admiration for someone; the act of approving Examples: • Oliver looked at Simon with approval. • We all like others to show approval of what we do. 2. ease: the ability to do something without difficulty; the state of being comfortable and without worry and anxiety Examples: • The wall is so low that they jump over it with ease. • The ease with which he started the engine was remarkable 3. break down: fail,(of machinery) fail to work Examples: • The peace talks have broken down. • We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down. 4. result in: have as a result,cause Examples: • The accident resulted in the deaths of 2 passengers
His angry words resulted in a fight 5. on ones own: without help E I can't carry it on my own, it is too heavy Do you mean you've left her to do that on her own? 6. at the time: at the moment when something happened E He called at my office yesterday morning, but I could not see him, as I was ing a meeting at the I told you at the time that i thought you were stupid 7. despair: (v )lose hope of Examples Don't despair: things will get better soon During the war, the sold ier despaired of ever coming home alive 7. despair:(n )complete lack or loss of hope Examples Defeat after defeat filled us with despair. His despair of becoming a great artist made him stop painting 8. undergo: experience(esp. suffering or difficulty) Examples The explorers had to undergo much suffering I hope I shall never again have to undergo such an unpleasant experience 9. restore: bring back into use Examples The old build ing had become a ruin but the people of the town restored it The doctor restored her power of speech 10. emphasize: place special He emphasized the importance of being honest The teacher emphasized the importance of care in crossing the road 11. set out: begin a course of action Examples He set out to break the world record He set out to cut the grass, but he finished up talking to the neighbor over th den wall
9 • His angry words resulted in a fight. 5. on one's own: without help Examples: • I can't carry it on my own; it is too heavy. • Do you mean you've left her to do that on her own? 6. at the time: at the moment when something happened Examples: • He called at my office yesterday morning, but I could not see him, as I was having a meeting at the time. • I told you at the time that I thought you were stupid. 7. despair: (v.)lose hope of Examples: • Don't despair: things will get better soon. • During the war, the soldier despaired of ever coming home alive. 7. despair: (n.)complete lack or loss of hope Examples: • Defeat after defeat filled us with despair. • His despair of becoming a great artist made him stop painting. 8. undergo: experience (esp. suffering or difficulty) Examples: • The explorers had to undergo much suffering. • I hope I shall never again have to undergo such an unpleasant experience. 9. restore: bring back into use Examples: • The old building had become a ruin but the people of the town restored it. • The doctor restored her power of speech. 10. emphasize: place special attention on Examples: • He emphasized the importance of being honest. • The teacher emphasized the importance of care in crossing the road. 11. set out: begin a course of action Examples: • He set out to break the world record. • He set out to cut the grass, but he finished up talking to the neighbor over the garden wall
12. at a time: one(two etc. )on each occasion, separately Examples e took the stairs two at a time I' m away a couple of weeks at a time 13. turn to: begin(something or doing something different) After he left the university, he became a teacher, but later he turned to journalism In a time of grief, it often helps to turn to some new activity Understanding the Text 1. How did Christopher fall off the horse? The horse stopped suddenly, but Christopher kept going. This caused him to be thrown forward over the horse' s head 2. What did Christopher manage to do after the operation? He managed to breathe on his own 3. How long did Christopher stay in the hospital? He stayed in the hospital for about seven months 4. Why did Christopher begin to make public speeches after he left the hospital? He made speeches to advice people not to give up whenever they face challenges 5. What can we learn from Christopher?
10 12. at a time: one (two etc.) on each occasion, separately Examples: • He took the stairs two at a time. • I'm away a couple of weeks at a time. 13. turn to: begin (something or doing something different) Examples: • After he left the university, he became a teacher, but later he turned to journalism. • In a time of grief, it often helps to turn to some new activity. Understanding the Text 1. How did Christopher fall off the horse? The horse stopped suddenly, but Christopher kept going. This caused him to be thrown forward over the horse's head. 2. What did Christopher manage to do after the operation? He managed to breathe on his own. 3. How long did Christopher stay in the hospital? He stayed in the hospital for about seven months. 4. Why did Christopher begin to make public speeches after he left the hospital? He made speeches to advice people not to give up whenever they face challenges. 5. What can we learn from Christopher? Open