Unit 4 Calamities and rescues Listen and talk Directions: Listen to the following paragraphs and decide which picture is described in detail. The photos are all related to Calamities and Rescues. Describe them to your classmates with the help of the following question. 1. What are natural calamities or disasters? Give examples. 2. What are technological calamities? Give examples ?3. What basic skills do you need to become a first-aid worker? Read and Explore Passage a Death of a Dream ▲Lead- in Questions 1. Do you often travel by air? Do you en joy it? Explain. 2. It is said that traveling by air is safer than any other form of sportation Do you agree? 3 do you feel when you hear of, or read about, an air disaster? Related information I New York City New York city is the largest city in the United States, the home of the United Nations, and the center of global finance communications, and business. Unlike most American cities, which make up only a part of a particular county, New York is made up of five separate counties, which are called boroughs. They are Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn the Bronx and Staten. New York City is unusual among cities because of its high residential density, its extraordinarily diverse population, its hundreds of tall office and apartment buildings, its thriving central business district, its extensive public transportation system, and its more than 400 distinct neighborhoods 2 Figure Skating The ma jor types of competitive figure skating are individual men's and women's competitions, pairs skating, ice dancing, and precision skating. In individual competitions a single skater performs required elements and dged on how cleanly and artistically the motions are executed. Pairs skating consists of two skaters performing together. In ice dancing partners carry out the artistic motions of dance on skates. Precision skating, which is a highly structured activity, consists of a team of skaters who perform choreographed maneuvers. 3 Brussels Brussels is a city in central Belgium, capital and largest city of the country. Bilingual Brussels became one of Belgium's three federal regions in 1993, along with Dutch-speaking Flanders and
Unit 4 Calamities and Rescues Listen and Talk Directions: Listen to the following paragraphs and decide which picture is described in detail.The photos are all related to Calamities and Rescues. Describe them to your classmates with the help of the following question. 1.What are natural calamities or disasters? Give examples.2.What are technological calamities? Give examples ?3.What basic skills do you need to become a first-aid worker? Read and Explore Passage A Death of a Dream ▲Lead-in Questions 1. Do you often travel by air? Do you enjoy it? Explain. 2. It is said that traveling by air is safer than any other form of transportation. Do you agree? 3. How do you feel when you hear of, or read about, an air disaster? Related Information 1 New York City New York city is the largest city in the United States, the home of the United Nations, and the center of global finance, communications, and business. Unlike most American cities, which make up only a part of a particular county, New York is made up of five separate counties, which are called boroughs. They are Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn, the Bronx and Staten. New York City is unusual among cities because of its high residential density, its extraordinarily diverse population, its hundreds of tall office and apartment buildings, its thriving central business district, its extensive public transportation system, and its more than 400 distinct neighborhoods. 2 Figure Skating The major types of competitive figure skating are individual men’s and women’s competitions, pairs skating, ice dancing, and precision skating. In individual competitions a single skater performs required elements and is judged on how cleanly and artistically the motions are executed. Pairs skating consists of two skaters performing together. In ice dancing partners carry out the artistic motions of dance on skates. Precision skating, which is a highly structured activity, consists of a team of skaters who perform choreographed maneuvers. 3 Brussels Brussels is a city in central Belgium, capital and largest city of the country. Bilingual Brussels became one of Belgium's three federal regions in 1993, along with Dutch-speaking Flanders and
French-speaking Wallonia. The city is located on the Senne River, and boasts tree-shaded boulevards, splendid parks, imposing monuments, and beautiful buildings. Centrally situated in northern Europe, Brussels is internationally important as the headquarters of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Belgium is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, bounded on the north by The Nether lands and the north Sea, on the east by germany and lux embourg, and on the south and southwest by france. With The Netherlands and Luxembourg, Belgium forms the Low, or Benelu Countries. It is about 280 km long, measured in a southeast-northwest direction, about 145 km wide, and is roughly triangular in shape. The area is 30, 528 sq km. The capital and largest city is Brussels. 5 Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic, located in the west central part of the country, in the region of bohemia Often called the City of a Hundred Spires because of its many churches and towers, Prague is the chief commercial, industrial, and cultural center of the Czech Republic. Unlike much of central Europe, the city was not seriously damaged in World War ii and remains one of the most beautiful cities on the continent. From 1918 to 1993, Prague was the capital of Czechos lovakia, which came under Communist control after World War Il 6 Sabena Airlines Sabena was founded in 1923, and opened its first scheduled service between Brussels and Strasbourg (France) in 1924. Scheduled services were further opened to London, Paris and Amsterdam. The first successful flight between Brussels and Leopoldville occurred in 1925, and a scheduled service between these two cities opened in 1938. In 1947, the first transatlantic service to New York was opened. In 1953, SABENA was the first airline in the world to launch an helicopter scheduled service, between Brussels and the European capitals. In April 2001, the fleet included 12 long-haul aircrafts and 66 median-haul aircrafts SABENA has 11, 000 employees and 1, 500 more in outstations. Words and Expressions 1. championship: a competition held to determine the champion, position of a champion An American team won the pairs championships. They won the mens and womens singles championships respectivel 2. senior: older in years, higher in rank, authority, etc. Example Mr. gray is a senior officer in this bank. He is too senior to try for a young man s job. 3. distress: a state of danger or great difficulty
French-speaking Wallonia. The city is located on the Senne River, and boasts tree-shaded boulevards, splendid parks, imposing monuments, and beautiful buildings. Centrally situated in northern Europe, Brussels is internationally important as the headquarters of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 4 Belgium Belgium is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, bounded on the north by The Netherlands and the North Sea, on the east by Germany and Luxembourg, and on the south and southwest by France. With The Netherlands and Luxembourg, Belgium forms the Low, or Benelux, Countries. It is about 280 km long, measured in a southeast-northwest direction, about 145 km wide, and is roughly triangular in shape. The area is 30,528 sq km. The capital and largest city is Brussels. 5 Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic, located in the west central part of the country, in the region of Bohemia. Often called the City of a Hundred Spires because of its many churches and towers, Prague is the chief commercial, industrial, and cultural center of the Czech Republic. Unlike much of central Europe, the city was not seriously damaged in World War II and remains one of the most beautiful cities on the continent. From 1918 to 1993, Prague was the capital of Czechoslovakia, which came under Communist control after World War II. 6 Sabena Airlines Sabena was founded in 1923, and opened its first scheduled service between Brussels and Strasbourg (France) in 1924. Scheduled services were further opened to London, Paris and Amsterdam.The first successful flight between Brussels and Léopoldville occurred in 1925, and a scheduled service between these two cities opened in 1938. In 1947, the first transatlantic service to New York was opened.In 1953, SABENA was the first airline in the world to launch an helicopter scheduled service, between Brussels and the European capitals. In April 2001, the fleet included 12 long-haul aircrafts and 66 median-haul aircrafts. SABENA has 11,000 employees and 1,500 more in outstations. Words and Expressions 1. championship: a competition held to determine the champion, position of a champion Example: •An American team won the pairs championships. • They won the men's and women's singles championships respectively. 2. senior: older in years, higher in rank, authority, etc. Example: • Mr. Gray is a senior officer in this bank. • He is too senior to try for a young man's job. 3. distress: a state of danger or great difficulty
Example If the storm continues on the mountain the climber will be in distress by morning. The lifeboat went out to rescue a ship in distress. 4. contact: get in touch with(someone) I shall contact you by telephone. I must contact my lawyer before I make my final decisions 5. lower: move or let down in height Lowering the window shade will keep out the sun. .He sat quite still, with his gaze lowered to the carpet. 6. approach:(n) the act of approaching Our approach drove away the wild animals. With the approach of the Spring Festival the weather turned cold. 6. approach: (v) come near or nearer Example Walk softly as you approach the bed. I saw a figure approaching towards me. 7. in any case: whatever happens Example In any case, I shall return in a day or two. In any case, I would insist upon your being paid. 8. explode: burst or cause to burst violently and noisily Example The boiler exploded and many people were in jured by the hot steam. He pumped the ball up too much and it exploded. E a flock of birds scattered when the shot was fired The government scattered the factories instead of concentrating them in a single area. 10. tragic: very sad, unfortunate The tragic accident took eight lives
Example: • If the storm continues on the mountain, the climber will be in distress by morning. • The lifeboat went out to rescue a ship in distress. 4. contact: get in touch with (someone) Example: • I shall contact you by telephone. • I must contact my lawyer before I make my final decisions. 5. lower: move or let down in height Example: • Lowering the window shade will keep out the sun. •He sat quite still, with his gaze lowered to the carpet. 6. approach: (n.) the act of approaching Example: • Our approach drove away the wild animals. • With the approach of the Spring Festival the weather turned cold.6. approach: (v.) come near or nearer Example: • Walk softly as you approach the bed. • I saw a figure approaching towards me. 7. in any case: whatever happens Example: • In any case, I shall return in a day or two. • In any case, I would insist upon your being paid. 8. explode: burst or cause to burst violently and noisily Example: • The boiler exploded and many people were injured by the hot steam. • He pumped the ball up too much and it exploded. 9. scatter: separate or cause to separate widely Example: • A flock of birds scattered when the shot was fired. • The government scattered the factories instead of concentrating them in a single area. 10. tragic: very sad, unfortunate Example: • The tragic accident took eight lives
The driver of the car made a tragic mistake. ll. wreckage: the broken parts of a destroyed thing Exampl After the acci dent, the wreckage of the cars was removed from the highway. The shore was covered with the wreckage of the destroyed ship Notes to the text 1. This was going to be the time of their lives. (para. 1) This was going to be their most important and memorable experience 这将成为他们生命中蔚为珍贵的一刻。 2. The crash site was a scene of total destruction. (para. 8) The place where the plane crashed was completely covered with wreckage. 失事现场一片狼藉。 3. The crash stunned skaters and figure skating fans around the globe. The crash shocked figure skaters and their fans everywhere in the world 这场空难震惊了全球的滑冰界以及热爱花样滑冰的人们。 4. All that remained as rescuers combed through the wreckage were three pairs of melted skates dangling from one of the wings. (para. 11) When rescue workers carefully looked through the wreckage, the only things hey found (to remind them of the skaters) were three pairs of melted skates suspending from one of the wings 救援人员仔细搜寻了遇难现场,所能找到的只有三双已经烧焦的冰鞋在残留的机 翼上摇曳。 Understanding the Text L Who was a better skater, Laurie or her sister Maribel? aurie was a better skater 2. What was the weather like that day? The weather was very good. It was warm and sunny with no storms or high winds 3. How many times did the pilot try to land? The pilot tried to land twice but failed. 4. When did officials in the Brussels control tower sense that there must be something wrong with the plane? They sensed that some thing must be wrong when the pilot lost contact with the control tower during the last few minutes before the scheduled landing. 5. Did anyone on the plane survive the crash? No. no one survived the crash 6. What do you think was the impact of this plane crash on the sport of
• The driver of the car made a tragic mistake. 11. wreckage: the broken parts of a destroyed thing Example: • After the accident, the wreckage of the cars was removed from the highway. • The shore was covered with the wreckage of the destroyed ship. Notes to the Text 1. This was going to be the time of their lives. (para. 1) This was going to be their most important and memorable experience. 这将成为他们生命中蔚为珍贵的一刻。 2. The crash site was a scene of total destruction. (para. 8) The place where the plane crashed was completely covered with wreckage. 失事现场一片狼藉。 3. The crash stunned skaters and figure skating fans around the globe. (para. 12) The crash shocked figure skaters and their fans everywhere in the world. 这场空难震惊了全球的滑冰界以及热爱花样滑冰的人们。 4. All that remained as rescuers combed through the wreckage were three pairs of melted skates dangling from one of the wings. (para. 11) When rescue workers carefully looked through the wreckage, the only things they found (to remind them of the skaters) were three pairs of melted skates suspending from one of the wings. 救援人员仔细搜寻了遇难现场，所能找到的只有三双已经烧焦的冰鞋在残留的机 翼上摇曳。 Understanding the Text 1. Who was a better skater, Laurie or her sister Maribel? Laurie was a better skater. 2. What was the weather like that day? The weather was very good. It was warm and sunny with no storms or high winds. 3. How many times did the pilot try to land? The pilot tried to land twice but failed.4. When did officials in the Brussels control tower sense that there must be something wrong with the plane? They sensed that something must be wrong when the pilot lost contact with the control tower during the last few minutes before the scheduled landing. 5. Did anyone on the plane survive the crash? No, no one survived the crash. 6. What do you think was the impact of this plane crash on the sport of
kating in the U.s.? of the text In 1961 the 18 members of the US figure skating team boarded a plane to travel to Belgium on their way to the world championships in Czechoslovakia. As the plane approached brussels the weather was good but something was wrong with the plane. Twice it descended as if to land but pulled up and ascended again The second time it exploded and crashed to the ground. All 83 people on the plane were killed and there were ten families that had lost at least two dear members. The crash site was a scene of total destruction Later three pairs of melted skates were found dang ling from one of the wings. The competition in Prague was cancelled to honor the dead. Never before had such a terrible tragedy occurred in the sport of skating. Passage B In the Nick of Time ▲Lead- in Questions Talk about one or two calamities that have happened around you, or that you have heard of. 2. How should one react when he or she is in some sort of emergency? 3. How do you understand the proverb "calamity is man'strue touchstone”? Related informatior I New Jersey New Jersey is the fifth smallest state but one of the most diversified. Lying between New York City and Philadelphia, in the heart of the highly urbanized area called a megalopolis by some population experts, it is the second most urbanized state, behind only California and the most densely populated. New Jersey is in the forefront of industrial research and development, but the continuing importance of farming is reflected in its nickname, the Garden State. New Jersey's ready access to the markets of New York City and Philadelphia led to an early specialization in fresh fruits and vegetable production. As earl as the 17th century, colonists described the area as a garden because of its agricultural bounty. 2 Webster’s Noah Webster was an American lexicographer best known for his pioneering work An American Dictionary of the English language. In 1825, having devoted more than 20 years to the study of the english language and having traveled in both England and france, Webster returned
skating in the U.S.? Open. Summary of the Text In 1961 the 18 members of the US figure skating team boarded a plane to travel to Belgium on their way to the world championships in Czechoslovakia. As the plane approached Brussels the weather was good but something was wrong with the plane. Twice it descended as if to land but pulled up and ascended again. The second time it exploded and crashed to the ground. All 83 people on the plane were killed and there were ten families that had lost at least two dear members. The crash site was a scene of total destruction. Later three pairs of melted skates were found dangling from one of the wings. The competition in Prague was cancelled to honor the dead. Never before had such a terrible tragedy occurred in the sport of skating. Passage B In the Nick of Time ▲Lead-in Questions 1. Talk about one or two calamities that have happened around you, or that you have heard of. 2. How should one react when he or she is in some sort of emergency? 3. How do you understand the proverb “calamity is man’s true touchstone”? Related Information 1 New Jersey New Jersey is the fifth smallest state but one of the most diversified. Lying between New York City and Philadelphia, in the heart of the highly urbanized area called a megalopolis by some population experts, it is the second most urbanized state, behind only California, and the most densely populated. New Jersey is in the forefront of industrial research and development, but the continuing importance of farming is reflected in its nickname, the Garden State. New Jersey’s ready access to the markets of New York City and Philadelphia led to an early specialization in fresh fruits and vegetable production. As early as the 17th century, colonists described the area as a garden because of its agricultural bounty. 2 Webster’s Noah Webster was an American lexicographer best known for his pioneering work An American Dictionary of the English Language. In 1825, having devoted more than 20 years to the study of the English language and having traveled in both England and France, Webster returned
to New Haven to complete his monumental dictionary. It contained 12, 000 more words and about 40, 000 more definitions than any earlier dictionary f the English 1 Webster s impo size of his work. He was the first authority to emphasize American rather than British usage and the first to list senses in the chronological order in which they made their appearance in the language. His etymologies were not entirely accurate by modern standards, but his precise definitions are models of lexical style. Also, by the inclusion of thousands of technical and scientific terms, Webster laid the groundwork for the modern comprehensive, rather than purely literary, dictionary. An enlarged edition of Websters dictionary was issued in 1840; it has appeared i several later revisions. Webster s Third New International Dictionary Websters Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, are the latest of these revIsIons Words and expressions 1. unload: remove(a load) from(something) They unloaded the books from the car. The plane unloaded the passengers at the terminal. 2. put away: remove (something) to a place where it is usually stored ramp le I'll have to put some thing away for my retirement. If you have finished with those tools, I wish you d put them away. 3. slam: push, move hurriedly and with great force He slammed the book down on the table and angrily walked out. She slammed on the brakes and the car came to a stop 4. steer: direct the course of (as a ship or vehicle) Example He steered the car skillfully through the narrow streets He steered the boat between the island 5. pound: beat repeatedly With a madly pounding heart he took the steps three a time His head pounded from the headache 6. leap: jump over Example When the bus slowed down the man leaped off. He leaped six metres in the broad jump 7. instant. a moment of time
to New Haven to complete his monumental Dictionary. It contained 12,000 more words and about 40,000 more definitions than any earlier dictionary of the English language. Webster's importance does not rest only on the size of his work. He was the first authority to emphasize American rather than British usage and the first to list senses in the chronological order in which they made their appearance in the language. His etymologies were not entirely accurate by modern standards, but his precise definitions are models of lexical style. Also, by the inclusion of thousands of technical and scientific terms, Webster laid the groundwork for the modern comprehensive, rather than purely literary, dictionary. An enlarged edition of Webster's dictionary was issued in 1840; it has appeared in several later revisions. Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, are the latest of these revisions. Words and Expressions 1. unload: remove (a load) from (something) Example: • They unloaded the books from the car. • The plane unloaded the passengers at the terminal. 2. put away: remove (something) to a place where it is usually stored Example: • I'll have to put something away for my retirement. • If you have finished with those tools, I wish you'd put them away. 3. slam: push, move hurriedly and with great force • He slammed the book down on the table and angrily walked out. • She slammed on the brakes and the car came to a stop. 4. steer: direct the course of (as a ship or vehicle) Example: • He steered the car skillfully through the narrow streets. • He steered the boat between the islands. 5. pound: beat repeatedly • With a madly pounding heart he took the steps three a time. • His head pounded from the headache. 6. leap: jump over Example: • When the bus slowed down the man leaped off. • He leaped six metres in the broad jump. 7. instant: a moment of time
Example Not for an instant did i believe he had lied Mr. Carey considered the question for an instant. 8. stride: a long step in walking In a few strides he crossed the room . He reached the house several strides be Example What is the key to Their contributions to science have earned them an everlasting place hist 10. appreciation: grateful feeling Exampl He showed an appreciation of my help The girls giggled their appreciation. Notes to the text Just over a slight rise to the west, a 19-car freight train slowly made its way up the incline.(para. 4) On the other side of a small hill to the west, a 19-car freight train slowly limbed up the slope. 西面一个小坡上,一列19节车厢的货车正在慢慢地爬上斜坡 2. Falzo knew right away that the train was going too fast to stop in ti (para. 5) Falzo quickly realized that the train was going too fast to stop before it hit the children 福尔佐马上意识到火车速度太快,不可能适时停下来 3. With one child tucked under each arm, he pressed Todd and Scott down into the roadbed gravel.(para. 5) v He quickly pressed the two kids one under each arm and pushed them down into the roadbed gravel between the rail tracks. 他把托德和斯科特分别夹在两只胳膊下,又迅速将他们摁倒在路基的砂石里。 Understanding the Text 1. Why wasnt Katie worried about her children playing in the street? She was not worried because they lived in a street where vehicles couldnt pass through. 2. How did the engine drivers and conductor act when they realized that
Example: • Not for an instant did I believe he had lied. • Mr. Carey considered the question for an instant. 8. stride: a long step in walking Example: • In a few strides he crossed the room.• He reached the house several strides before us.9. everlasting: lasting for ever, endless Example: • What is the key to everlasting happiness? • Their contributions to science have earned them an everlasting place in history. 10. appreciation: grateful feeling Example: • He showed an appreciation of my help. • The girls giggled their appreciation. Notes to the Text 1. Just over a slight rise to the west, a 19-car freight train slowly made its way up the incline. (para. 4) On the other side of a small hill to the west, a 19-car freight train slowly climbed up the slope. 西面一个小坡上，一列 19 节车厢的货车正在慢慢地爬上斜坡。 2. Falzo knew right away that the train was going too fast to stop in time. (para.5) Falzo quickly realized that the train was going too fast to stop before it hit the children. 福尔佐马上意识到火车速度太快，不可能适时停下来。 3. With one child tucked under each arm, he pressed Todd and Scott down into the roadbed gravel. (para. 5) v He quickly pressed the two kids one under each arm and pushed them down into the roadbed gravel between the rail tracks. 他把托德和斯科特分别夹在两只胳膊下，又迅速将他们摁倒在路基的砂石里。 Understanding the Text 1. Why wasn't Katie worried about her children playing in the street? She was not worried because they lived in a street where vehicles couldn't pass through. 2. How did the engine drivers and conductor act when they realized that
there were children on the tracks? Engineer Campana slammed on the trains brake and blasted the air horn while conductor Falzo rushed out of the cab and hung over the front of the t 3. What made Katie realize that something was wrong with her children? When she heard the air horn and the screech of the trains brake, she was aware that something was wrong with her children 4. How did falzo rescue the two children? He leaped from the train, took two giant strides and grabbed them. 5. What can we learn from the story? Summary of the Text As Katie Pritchard unloaded some groceries from her car, she thought her two sons were playing safely nearby. But they had wandered onto a railroad track and into the path of an approaching train. The trains engineer and its conductor saw them on the track but could not stop the train in time. The boys ignored the train s whistling horn and screeching brak So the conductor, Tony Falzo, a former gymnast, hung from the front of the train, jumped at exactly the right moment, and rescued the two boys from the moving train, which barely missed crushing them before it finally stopped. One of the boys had a minor cut and the other was unharmed. The mother said she could find no word in a dictionary to express her gratitude to Tony
there were children on the tracks? Engineer Campana slammed on the train's brake and blasted the air horn, while conductor Falzo rushed out of the cab and hung over the front of the train, waving and shouting at the kids. 3. What made Katie realize that something was wrong with her children? When she heard the air horn and the screech of the train's brake, she was aware that something was wrong with her children. 4. How did Falzo rescue the two children? He leaped from the train, took two giant strides and grabbed them. 5. What can we learn from the story? Open. Summary of the Text As Katie Pritchard unloaded some groceries from her car, she thought her two sons were playing safely nearby. But they had wandered onto a railroad track and into the path of an approaching train. The train's engineer and its conductor saw them on the track but could not stop the train in time. The boys ignored the train's whistling horn and screeching brakes. So the conductor, Tony Falzo, a former gymnast, hung from the front of the train, jumped at exactly the right moment, and rescued the two boys from the moving train, which barely missed crushing them before it finally stopped. One of the boys had a minor cut and the other was unharmed. The mother said she could find no word in a dictionary to express her gratitude to Tony
