旌黄行上寸 《商务英语》 课后练习 课后练习 第一章 I.Answer the following questions: 1.What is economics?What theories are involved in economics? 2.Who wrote the first full-scale treatise on economics?Can you tell some of his arguments in this treatise? 3.According to the text,what is the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics? 4.Why is economics of practical value in business? 5.How could a rising standard of living be provided? 6.Judging from the text,how does economics help us to prevent inflation and deflation? 7.What are the main economic goals according to the text? 8.In which way can we minimize upswings and downswings in the business cycle? 9.According to the text,what can eliminate the extremes of wealth and poverty and provide a good living standard for everyone? 10.Do you think that economics is everybody's business?Can you find some examples in our daily life? II.Fill in each blank in the following sentences with one of the words or phrases in the list given below and make changes when necessary: well-informed be concerned with be curious about in terms of deal with focus...on meet one's desire in contrast relating to lump together available project overview promote important to 1.The secretary was told to collect all the documents the transaction 2.Even if we all our money we still can not afford that expensive necklace. 3 Money and possessions aren't very_ me. 4 If you want to have a good performance,you will have to try to your attention work and study. 5 Those children who live in the poor village the outside world. 6 He is a greedy person,it's impossible to for money. -1-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 1 - 课后练习 第一章 Ⅰ.Answer the following questions: 1. What is economics? What theories are involved in economics? 2. Who wrote the first full-scale treatise on economics? Can you tell some of his arguments in this treatise? 3. According to the text, what is the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics? 4. Why is economics of practical value in business? 5. How could a rising standard of living be provided? 6. Judging from the text, how does economics help us to prevent inflation and deflation? 7. What are the main economic goals according to the text？ 8. In which way can we minimize upswings and downswings in the business cycle? 9. According to the text, what can eliminate the extremes of wealth and poverty and provide a good living standard for everyone? 10. Do you think that economics is everybody’s business? Can you find some examples in our daily life? Ⅱ. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with one of the words or phrases in the list given below and make changes when necessary: well-informed be concerned with be curious about in terms of deal with focus…on meet one’s desire in contrast relating to lump together available project overview promote important to 1. The secretary was told to collect all the documents __________ the transaction. 2. Even if we __________ all our money __________, we still can not afford that expensive necklace. 3 Money and possessions aren't very_______ me. 4 If you want to have a good performance, you will have to try to __________ your attention _________ work and study. 5 Those children who live in the poor village __________ the outside world. 6 He is a greedy person, it’s impossible to __________ for money
莲两所的节 《商务英语》 课后练习 7 art treasures,Italy is one of the richest country in the world 8 His new book Africa 9 Her sister is slim and pretty, she is a homely girl. 10 The candidate is trying to a good image of himself as resisting corruption. 11 At the beginning of the meeting,the president gave an of the company's performance in the last year. 12 The Prime Minister's visit had mutual understanding between the two countries 13 If the manager is not you can talk with his secretary about the matter. 14 According to one source,the two sides are very near to reaching an agreement. 15 There are many problems to when one is starting a new business IⅢ.Multiple choice: 1.Before trying to solve the puzzle,let us consider the best way to A.analyze B.understand C.approach D.study 2.It's impossible for us to work out that kind of product existing conditions. A.at B.on C.among D.under 3.Our company just computer but not other office appliances A.deal in B.deal with C.deal out D.dealing 4.Maybe you are right only this point. A.on B.at C.in D.for 5.Is there still any seat on that flight? A.free B.exist C.unoccupied D.available 6.Both two parties think that this is the most solution to the dispute. A.equitable B.equity C.equivalent D.equivocal 7.The situation couldn't be modified,so the only thing that you can do is to the loss. A.minimal B.minimum C.minimize D.minima 8. means a reduction in the amount of money in a country's economy, so that prices fall or stop rising. A Inflation B.Inflationary C Deflation D.Deflationary 9.Through the further enquiry of the eyewitness,the police have two suspects. A.reduce B.minus C.eliminate D.decrease 10.However bitterly the girl cried,no one came to her -2-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 2 - 7 __________ art treasures, Italy is one of the richest country in the world. 8 His new book __________ Africa. 9 Her sister is slim and pretty, __________, she is a homely girl. 10 The candidate is trying to __________ a good image of himself as resisting corruption. 11 At the beginning of the meeting, the president gave an __________ of the company’s performance in the last year. 12 The Prime Minister’s visit had __________ mutual understanding between the two countries. 13 If the manager is not __________, you can talk with his secretary about the matter. 14 According to one ________ source, the two sides are very near to reaching an agreement. 15 There are many problems to __________ when one is starting a new business. Ⅲ. Multiple choice: 1. Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to __________ it. A. analyze B. understand C. approach D. study 2. It’s impossible for us to work out that kind of product __________ existing conditions. A. at B. on C. among D. under 3. Our company just __________ computer but not other office appliances. A. deal in B. deal with C. deal out D. dealing 4. Maybe you are right only __________ this point. A. on B. at C. in D. for 5. Is there still any seat __________ on that flight? A. free B. exist C. unoccupied D. available 6. Both two parties think that this is the most __________ solution to the dispute. A. equitable B. equity C. equivalent D. equivocal 7. The situation couldn’t be modified, so the only thing that you can do is to __________ the loss. A. minimal B. minimum C. minimize D. minima 8. __________ means a reduction in the amount of money in a country's economy, so that prices fall or stop rising. A Inflation B. Inflationary C Deflation D. Deflationary 9. Through the further enquiry of the eyewitness, the police have __________ two suspects. A. reduce B. minus C. eliminate D. decrease 10. However bitterly the girl cried, no one came to her __________
旌黄有寸 《商务英语》 课后练习 A.assist B.assistance C.assisting D.assistant IV Reading Comprehension: Economics is concerned with many of the most basic decisions we make as producers,consumers and members of the society.The decisions made by different segments of a society such as governments corporations,and consumers are based on a given economic environment and have an impact on people's lives.The present pandemonium in the world is a result of the changing technological as well as social conditions which,in large part,are caused by changing economic conditions.Thus,if you want to make any sense as to what is happening and why,you have to understand the underlying economic forces that are causing these changes.Because of the multiplicity of forces that effect economic decisions taken by different units of the economy,it is difficult to predict the outcome of these changes.Nevertheless,by taking courses in economics you may not be able to solve the puzzle of economics chaos but you would at least be able to understand these forces and their impact on people's lives.For example,you would gain an understanding as to why the Bank of Canada increases or decreases interest rates in response to the depreciating or appreciating value of the dollar on the international market or why governments are preoccupied with deficit reduction.As Elbert V.Bowden in Economics Through the Looking Glass puts it:It isn't that understanding the economic forces of change will let you see with any certainty where the world is going.It won't.But at least it will help you to understand that you are caught up in a world of explosive change.You will be able to understand a little better what's happening to all of us,and how,and why,and perhaps you will gain some insight into where it all might be going. Questions: 1.The decisions made by different segments of a society such as governments, corporations,and consumers are based on A.your own conditions and desires B.the political environment C.the given economical environment D.the social environment 2.The author attributed the present pandemonium in the world to A.the ups and downs of the business cycle -3-
《商务英语》 课后练习 A. assist B. assistance C. assisting D. assistant IV Reading Comprehension: Economics is concerned with many of the most basic decisions we make as producers, consumers and members of the society. The decisions made by different segments of a society such as governments, corporations, and consumers are based on a given economic environment and have an impact on people’s lives. The present pandemonium in the world is a result of the changing technological as well as social conditions which, in large part, are caused by changing economic conditions. Thus, if you want to make any sense as to what is happening and why, you have to understand the underlying economic forces that are causing these changes. Because of the multiplicity of forces that effect economic decisions taken by different units of the economy, it is difficult to predict the outcome of these changes. Nevertheless, by taking courses in economics you may not be able to solve the puzzle of economics chaos but you would at least be able to understand these forces and their impact on people’s lives. For example, you would gain an understanding as to why the Bank of Canada increases or decreases interest rates in response to the depreciating or appreciating value of the dollar on the international market or why governments are preoccupied with deficit reduction. As Elbert V. Bowden in Economics Through the Looking Glass puts it: It isn’t that understanding the economic forces of change will let you see with any certainty where the world is going. It won’t. But at least it will help you to understand that you are caught up in a world of explosive change. You will be able to understand a little better what’s happening to all of us, and how, and why, and perhaps you will gain some insight into where it all might be going. Questions: 1. The decisions made by different segments of a society such as governments, corporations, and consumers are based on _______. A. your own conditions and desires B. the political environment C. the given economical environment D. the social environment 2. The author attributed the present pandemonium in the world to_____ . A. the ups and downs of the business cycle - 3 -
旌黄有寸 《商务英语》 课后练习 B.the wrong decisions made by economists C.the changing technical conditions D.the changing economic conditions 3.Why is it difficult to predict the outcome of the changes? A.Because they changed too quickly. B.Because there are too many factors involved in the changes. C.Because different units of economy have multiplicity of forces to effect economic decisions. D.Because the economists are not sure in what condition these changes took place. 4.In the passage,why did the author cite that the Bank of Canada increases or decreases interest rates? A.He wants to tell us that the increase or decrease of the interest rates will affect the value of dollar on the international market. B.He wants to tell us why governments are preoccupied with deficit reduction. C.He wants to tell us why we should take economics. D.He wants to tell us how to solve the economic chaos. 5.From the passage,we can infer that economics can help us A.understand that you are caught up in a world of explosive change B.understand a little better what's happening to all of us,and how,and why;and perhaps you will gain some insight into where it all might be going C.see with any certainty where the world is going D.A and B V.Translate the following into English: 1.通过学习一定的经济学知识，每个人都可以学会理智的消费和投资。 2.这个国家由于发行了太多的纸币，结果引起了严重的通货膨胀。 3.近年来经济发展得比较快，人民生活水平也有了较大的提高。 4.政府应该制定政策以帮助那些没有工作能力的人。 5.商品的生产、分配和消费都是经济学的研究内容。 6.对更多更好的产品的追求，促使生产商不断地改进生产技术，提高生产 效率。 7.随着科学技术的进步，很多新的产品被开发出来了，极大地便利了人们 的日常生活。 8.本公司开发的新产品有着卓越的性能，目前在全世界同类商品中处于领 先地位。 9.随着信息技术的发展，计算机软件的总产值己经超过了计算机硬件。 10.经济学是一门非常实用的科学，它可以指导人们做出正确的经济决策。 VI.Translate the following into Chinese: Most people can probably say what economics is about.It deals with issues such as inflation,unemployment,the profitability of firms,privatization,exchange rates, international trade and so on.But lists of this kind do not really tell us what the -4-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 4 - B. the wrong decisions made by economists C. the changing technical conditions D. the changing economic conditions 3. Why is it difficult to predict the outcome of the changes? A. Because they changed too quickly. B. Because there are too many factors involved in the changes. C. Because different units of economy have multiplicity of forces to effect economic decisions. D. Because the economists are not sure in what condition these changes took place. 4. In the passage, why did the author cite that the Bank of Canada increases or decreases interest rates? A. He wants to tell us that the increase or decrease of the interest rates will affect the value of dollar on the international market. B. He wants to tell us why governments are preoccupied with deficit reduction. C. He wants to tell us why we should take economics. D. He wants to tell us how to solve the economic chaos. 5. From the passage, we can infer that economics can help us _____ . A. understand that you are caught up in a world of explosive change B. understand a little better what’s happening to all of us, and how, and why; and perhaps you will gain some insight into where it all might be going C. see with any certainty where the world is going D. A and B V．Translate the following into English: 1. 通过学习一定的经济学知识，每个人都可以学会理智的消费和投资。 2. 这个国家由于发行了太多的纸币，结果引起了严重的通货膨胀。 3. 近年来经济发展得比较快，人民生活水平也有了较大的提高。 4. 政府应该制定政策以帮助那些没有工作能力的人。 5. 商品的生产、分配和消费都是经济学的研究内容。 6. 对更多更好的产品的追求，促使生产商不断地改进生产技术，提高生产 效率。 7. 随着科学技术的进步，很多新的产品被开发出来了，极大地便利了人们 的日常生活。 8. 本公司开发的新产品有着卓越的性能，目前在全世界同类商品中处于领 先地位。 9. 随着信息技术的发展，计算机软件的总产值已经超过了计算机硬件。 10. 经济学是一门非常实用的科学，它可以指导人们做出正确的经济决策。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese: Most people can probably say what economics is about. It deals with issues such as inflation, unemployment, the profitability of firms, privatization, exchange rates, international trade and so on. But lists of this kind do not really tell us what the
莲尉仟预有省影上号 《商务英语》 课后练习 essence of the subject is.Economics is concerned with how societies organize the production and consumption of goods (physical commodities such as cars,books, food,and housing)and services (such as those provided by banks,barbers,teachers, or railway companies). 第二章 I.Answer the following questions: 1.Can all the wants be satisfied by cash payment?Can you give some exceptions? 2.What can restrict us to satisfy our wants? 3.How can one become a qualified exporter? 4.Why exporting products abroad is not as easy as selling something at home? 5.What is your self-image?How do you manage to keep it? 6.At present,what kind of wants do you have?In which way will you satisfy your wants? 7.What is product adaptation?Is it important or not? 8.Why do you have to change the product? 9.How much do you know about buying motives? 10.What can we do not let our customer feel guilty when they take our products? II.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases in the list given below and make changes when necessary: follow close upon the heels of exception inclination rank with result from adaptation of differ from not only...(but)also a great variety of do-it-yourself 1. reasons exist for the reluctance to move outside the classroom in order to engage students in their learning 2. She was responsible for the the book"The Witches of Eastwick"into a stage play. 3.We must close them because we speak the same language. 4.Most couples who break up seem to find it hard to remain friends.Kim and Gerry are to that rule. 5.This has guaranteed resources access to national databases not always open to others. 6.We are still dealing with problems the wrong investment policy of the ex-president. 7.Harris adds that many of his views those of his partner's. 8.Neither of us showed the slightest to follow my father into music. 9.But one major turning point came when she started going to carpentry evening classes and found she had real talent for 10.For this young woman,one tragedy another. -5-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 5 - essence of the subject is. Economics is concerned with how societies organize the production and consumption of goods (physical commodities such as cars, books, food, and housing) and services (such as those provided by banks, barbers, teachers, or railway companies). 第二章 Ⅰ.Answer the following questions: 1. Can all the wants be satisfied by cash payment? Can you give some exceptions? 2. What can restrict us to satisfy our wants? 3. How can one become a qualified exporter? 4. Why exporting products abroad is not as easy as selling something at home? 5. What is your self-image? How do you manage to keep it? 6. At present, what kind of wants do you have? In which way will you satisfy your wants? 7. What is product adaptation? Is it important or not? 8. Why do you have to change the product? 9. How much do you know about buying motives? 10. What can we do not let our customer feel guilty when they take our products? II. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases in the list given below and make changes when necessary: follow close upon the heels of exception inclination rank with result from adaptation of differ from not only ... (but) also a great variety of do-it-yourself 1. _____ reasons exist for the reluctance to move outside the classroom in order to engage students in their learning. 2. She was responsible for the _____ the book “The Witches of Eastwick” into a stage play. 3. We must close _____ them because we speak the same language. 4. Most couples who break up seem to find it hard to remain friends. Kim and Gerry are _____ to that rule. 5. This has guaranteed _____ resources _____ access to national databases not always open to others. 6. We are still dealing with problems _____ the wrong investment policy of the ex-president. 7. Harris adds that many of his views _____ those of his partner’s. 8. Neither of us showed the slightest _____ to follow my father into music. 9. But one major turning point came when she started going to carpentry evening classes and found she had real talent for _____. 10. For this young woman, one tragedy _____ another
旌黄有子 《商务英语》 课后练习 III.Multiple choice: 1.Workers fear that the company's reorganization will layoffs. A.result from B.will result inC.result in D.will result out 2.Marketing traditionally has been for phone companies because of their monopoly mind-set. A.a fault B.a heel C.an Achilles'heel D.a misplay 3.Everyone was more interested in playing than reading-of Steve Vai. A.exception B.with exception C.except D.with the exception 4.Instead,another regrettable aspect of her personalityher to smile specially at this man. A.impelling B.impelled C.impel D.ordered 5.Women are generally lower than men,and wives lowest of all. A.stood B.situated C.rankedD.located 6.She stared at the beautiful garden beyond the terrace,fighting the inclination weep A.to B.for C.of D.to have 7.Professor Williams teaches English Literature and is a in the novels of George Orwell. A.specialistB.sophist C.professor D.scholar 8.There was a trial in early May this year,to determine whether Hughes was of reckless driving. A.guilt B.guilty C.gilt D.guiltily 9.These poems along with many others in a similar,show that working people were articulating aspects of their experience in verse. A.occasion B.situation C.kind D.vein 10.For many people,ageing is with a decline in emotional well-being. A.contacted B.associating C.associated D.related IV.Reading Comprehension: The actual utility of goods at a specific time and place depends on the nature of the wants that can then and there be satisfied,as well as upon the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves. Food,for instance,has a high utility if it is available when and where it is needed.It does not follow,however,that an infinite amount of food at that time and place would have infinite utility.If Crusoe picks and eats a banana,the fruit contributes toward relieving his hunger,a very important want,and it also satisfies his desire for a tasty food,another want distinct from mere nutrition.A second banana is not quite the equal of the first,as the sharp edge has been taken off the hunger sensation,and the taste satisfaction probably lacks something of being the equal of that gained from the original unit.By the time he reaches the fifth or sixth banana,the ability of another one to satisfy either hunger or taste at this time has sunk to a low level,and if he keeps up the process he soon arrives at a point where bananas have no further utility to him at the moment. -6-
《商务英语》 课后练习 III. Multiple choice: 1. Workers fear that the company's reorganization will _____ layoffs. A. result from B. will result in C. result in D. will result out 2. Marketing traditionally has been _____ for phone companies because of their monopoly mind-set. A. a fault B. a heel C. an Achilles’ heel D. a misplay 3. Everyone was more interested in playing than reading - _____ of Steve Vai. A. exception B. with exception C. except D. with the exception 4. Instead, another regrettable aspect of her personality _____ her to smile specially at this man. A. impelling B. impelled C. impel D. ordered 5. Women are generally _____ lower than men, and wives lowest of all. A. stood B. situated C. ranked D. located 6. She stared at the beautiful garden beyond the terrace, fighting the inclination _____ weep. A. to B. for C. of D. to have 7. Professor Williams teaches English Literature and is a _____ in the novels of George Orwell. A. specialist B. sophist C. professor D. scholar 8. There was a trial in early May this year, to determine whether Hughes was _____ of reckless driving. A. guilt B. guilty C. gilt D. guiltily 9. These poems along with many others in a similar _____, show that working people were articulating aspects of their experience in verse. A. occasion B. situation C. kind D. vein 10. For many people, ageing is _____ with a decline in emotional well-being. A. contacted B. associating C. associated D. related IV. Reading Comprehension: The actual utility of goods at a specific time and place depends on the nature of the wants that can then and there be satisfied, as well as upon the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves. Food, for instance, has a high utility if it is available when and where it is needed. It does not follow, however, that an infinite amount of food at that time and place would have infinite utility. If Crusoe picks and eats a banana, the fruit contributes toward relieving his hunger, a very important want, and it also satisfies his desire for a tasty food, another want distinct from mere nutrition. A second banana is not quite the equal of the first, as the sharp edge has been taken off the hunger sensation, and the taste satisfaction probably lacks something of being the equal of that gained from the original unit. By the time he reaches the fifth or sixth banana, the ability of another one to satisfy either hunger or taste at this time has sunk to a low level, and if he keeps up the process he soon arrives at a point where bananas have no further utility to him at the moment. - 6 -
旌黄有寸 《商务英语》 课后练习 This situation,we find,is not a peculiarity of bananas,but is characteristic of utilities in general.After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit)is passed,the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero.This is called the principle of diminishing utility,and it is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns,a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. For many economic processes the utility of the last unit of a kind,the marginal unit,has a particular significance.Of course,any one of the groups could be the marginal unit.In the case of the bananas,no specific one can be singled out,prior to being selected for eating,as having more utility than another,but this is simply because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first.We can,however,say definitely that the first banana picked will have the maximum utility, and the last one will have the least utility.As soon as the selection is made,the utility is determined.The utility of the last,or marginal,unit is the marginal utility of the total supply of bananas Questions: 1.The actual utility of goods depends on A.the nature of the wants that can be satisfied at a specified time and place B.the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves C.the amount of the goods that is available at a specified time and place D.A and B 2.Which of the following is not right? A.In the case of the bananas,no specific one has more utility than another. B.As soon as the selection is made,the utility is determined. C.We don't know which banana has the maximum utility because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. D.In the case of the bananas,any one of the group could be the marginal unit. 3.According to the passage,banana Crusoe picked has the biggest utility A.the first B.the second C.the last D.the fifth 4.According to the passage,banana Crusoe picked has the marginal utility. A.the first B.the second C.the last D.the fifth 5.About the principle of diminishing utility,which of the following is wrong? A.It is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns,a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. B.It only applies to food. C.After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit)is passed,the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. D.It is characteristic of utilities in general V.Translate the following into English: 1.虽然有一两个例外，但大多数学生都做得不错。 -7-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 7 - This situation, we find, is not a peculiarity of bananas, but is characteristic of utilities in general. After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit) is passed, the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. This is called the principle of diminishing utility, and it is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns, a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. For many economic processes the utility of the last unit of a kind, the marginal unit, has a particular significance. Of course, any one of the groups could be the marginal unit. In the case of the bananas, no specific one can be singled out, prior to being selected for eating, as having more utility than another, but this is simply because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. We can, however, say definitely that the first banana picked will have the maximum utility, and the last one will have the least utility. As soon as the selection is made, the utility is determined. The utility of the last, or marginal, unit is the marginal utility of the total supply of bananas. Questions: 1. The actual utility of goods depends on _____. A. the nature of the wants that can be satisfied at a specified time and place B. the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves C. the amount of the goods that is available at a specified time and place D. A and B 2. Which of the following is not right? A. In the case of the bananas, no specific one has more utility than another. B. As soon as the selection is made, the utility is determined. C. We don’t know which banana has the maximum utility because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. D. In the case of the bananas, any one of the group could be the marginal unit. 3. According to the passage, _____ banana Crusoe picked has the biggest utility. A. the first B. the second C. the last D. the fifth 4. According to the passage, _____ banana Crusoe picked has the marginal utility. A. the first B. the second C. the last D. the fifth 5. About the principle of diminishing utility, which of the following is wrong? A. It is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns, a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. B. It only applies to food. C. After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit) is passed, the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. D. It is characteristic of utilities in general. V. Translate the following into English: 1. 虽然有一两个例外，但大多数学生都做得不错
莲肉乐猫有省上号 《商务英语》 课后练习 2.双方都没有表现出妥协的倾向。 3.有关这一主题的著书相对较少。 4.甚至一根香烟头也能给调查人员提供有关所发生事情的线索。 5.由于种种原因，我们队将不参加比赛。 6.我们简单解释一下这种治疗方法的情况： 7.我给旅馆打了个电话以确定他们己经给我们定下了房间。 8.萨姆一直做些小事去取悦她，但她甚至没有察觉。 9.我们最终找到了去咖啡馆的路。 10.我想传达给孩子们的意思是：阅读乃人生最大的乐事之一。 VI.Translate the following into Chinese: It is true that the advanced societies currently enjoy previously unparalleled standards of living,but that does not mean that there are no unmet needs or wants in these societies.In a country as rich as the United States some people still lack comprehensive medical care,not everyone who wants one has a car,and many people would like to live in houses better than those they currently occupy.These are more than glib points:they suggest that a society's wants are in fact limitless.All resources must be considered scarce because of the vast range of competing uses to which they could be put. 第三章 I.Answer the following questions: 1.In economic theory what do supply and demand mean? 2.Theoretically,how do supply and demand affect prices? 3.Are there any other factors affecting prices?Give some examples 4.How do these factors affect prices? 5.In the view of many economists,are supply and demand precise,primary and causal factors affecting prices?Why? 6.In what kind of economic systems is the price-determining mechanism of supply and demand operative? 7.Why has the scope of the operation of the supply-and-demand mechanism tended to be restricted? 8.What kind of role does government play in our economy? 9.What is your definition of socialist market economy? 10.As the 1990s began,new non-Communist governments in several Eastern European countries had adopted free market principles.Can you give some reasons? II.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases listed below and make changes when necessary: according to refer to take sth.into consideration regard sb./sth.as rather than tend to do -8-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 8 - 2. 双方都没有表现出妥协的倾向。 3. 有关这一主题的著书相对较少。 4. 甚至一根香烟头也能给调查人员提供有关所发生事情的线索。 5. 由于种种原因，我们队将不参加比赛。 6. 我们简单解释一下这种治疗方法的情况。 7. 我给旅馆打了个电话以确定他们已经给我们定下了房间。 8. 萨姆一直做些小事去取悦她，但她甚至没有察觉。 9. 我们最终找到了去咖啡馆的路。 10. 我想传达给孩子们的意思是：阅读乃人生最大的乐事之一。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese: It is true that the advanced societies currently enjoy previously unparalleled standards of living, but that does not mean that there are no unmet needs or wants in these societies. In a country as rich as the United States some people still lack comprehensive medical care, not everyone who wants one has a car, and many people would like to live in houses better than those they currently occupy. These are more than glib points: they suggest that a society’s wants are in fact limitless. All resources must be considered scarce because of the vast range of competing uses to which they could be put. 第三章 Ⅰ.Answer the following questions: 1. In economic theory what do supply and demand mean? 2. Theoretically, how do supply and demand affect prices? 3. Are there any other factors affecting prices? Give some examples. 4. How do these factors affect prices? 5. In the view of many economists, are supply and demand precise, primary and causal factors affecting prices? Why? 6. In what kind of economic systems is the price-determining mechanism of supply and demand operative? 7. Why has the scope of the operation of the supply-and-demand mechanism tended to be restricted? 8. What kind of role does government play in our economy? 9. What is your definition of socialist market economy? 10. As the 1990s began, new non-Communist governments in several Eastern European countries had adopted free market principles. Can you give some reasons? II. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases listed below and make changes when necessary: according to refer to take sth. into consideration regard sb./sth. as rather than tend to do
旌黄有子 《商务英语》 课后练习 bid conversely artificial restore 1 But,music may also distract or annoy some workers. Dave arrive late,so don't worry yet. The earlier restrictions on currency exchangenow 4 I think what Mary earlier was her manager's inability to make the right decision. It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the leg. 6 Telephone charges vary the time of day. 7 Baxley International said Friday that it $11 million in cash and stock to acquire the Los Angeles-based company. 8 Mr.O'Connor,however,stressed the need for more effective policing police numbers. 9 A large part of my life has been spent you 10 Though 20 years old,the book still the authority on the subject. III.Multiple Choice: 1.She made a complete recovery without to surgery and is reported elsewhere. A.recourse B.help C.appealing D.resort 2.Again,budget is afactor in decision making. A.determined B.determinateC.determiningD.deciding 3.For example,people would rather walk further have to carry water pots a shorter way uphill. A.to B.then C.more than D.than 4.The use of color can make a small room look much bigger. A.efficient B.effective D.effectively D.efficiency 5.Because of damage to their homes,many people had to stay in accommodation for a few months. A.temperament B.temperamental C.temporary D.temperance 6.And the sea's greatest known depth of 36,200 feet exceeds more than a mile the height of Mount Everest. A.to B.by C.of D.than 7.Time after time,ministers have tried to for rising unemployment to the down-turn in the world economy. A.change the blame B.transfer the blame C.shift the blame D.transform the responsibility 8.Often she went out to see the sky complete,unfettered any window-frame A.by B.with C.of D.to 9.He has appointed a highly three-star Marine general,James L.Jones,to be his military assistant. A.honorable B.regarded C.respective D.regarding 10.In fact the powers did not become during the lifetime of the commission. A.operativeB.operating D.operated D.operation -9
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 9 - bid conversely artificial restore 1 But _____, music may also distract or annoy some workers. 2 Dave _____ arrive late, so don't worry yet. 3 The earlier restrictions on currency exchange _____ now _____. 4 I think what Mary _____ earlier was her manager's inability to make the right decision. 5 It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the _____ leg. 6 Telephone charges vary _____ the time of day. 7 Baxley International said Friday that it _____ $11 million in cash and stock to acquire the Los Angeles-based company. 8 Mr. O'Connor, however, stressed the need for more effective policing _____ police numbers. 9 A large part of my life has been spent _____ you _____. 10 Though 20 years old, the book _____ still _____ the authority on the subject. III. Multiple Choice: 1. She made a complete recovery without _____ to surgery and is reported elsewhere. A. recourse B. help C. appealing D. resort 2. Again, budget is a _____ factor in decision making. A. determined B. determinate C. determining D. deciding 3. For example, people would rather walk further _____ have to carry water pots a shorter way uphill. A. to B. then C. more than D. than 4. The _____ use of color can make a small room look much bigger. A. efficient B. effective D. effectively D. efficiency 5. Because of damage to their homes, many people had to stay in _____ accommodation for a few months. A. temperament B. temperamental C. temporary D. temperance 6. And the sea's greatest known depth of 36,200 feet exceeds _____ more than a mile the height of Mount Everest. A. to B. by C. of D. than 7. Time after time, ministers have tried to _____ for rising unemployment to the down-turn in the world economy. A. change the blame B. transfer the blame C. shift the blame D. transform the responsibility 8. Often she went out to see the sky complete, unfettered _____ any window-frame. A. by B. with C. of D. to 9. He has appointed a highly _____ three-star Marine general, James L. Jones, to be his military assistant. A. honorable B. regarded C. respective D. regarding 10. In fact the powers did not become _____ during the lifetime of the commission. A. operative B. operating D. operated D. operation
旌黄附子 《商务英语》 课后练习 IV.Reading Comprehension: One way in which economists characterize markets is according to the degree of influence that government has over them.A free market is one in which government has little or no influence.In a free market the key economic questions of what to produce,how and for whom will be decided mainly by interaction between individual consumers and private producers- usually business firms.Firms will respond to the demands or anticipated demands of consumers. However,where markets are not free,resource allocation usually becomes subject to some combination of influence by firms,consumers and government.State intervention in markets can take two broad forms: The state may elect to produce directly some goods and services itself in tandem with or instead of production by private firms. ● The state may choose not to produce goods and services directly in markets but to regulate markets in some way. There can be a wide variety of practice here.In the European Union agricultural production is heavily conditioned by financial subsidies paid by European governments to farmers.In fact, governments can and do choose to subsidize production by private producers in many markets. Conversely,instead of encouraging more production,governments may either try to limit what it considers to be harmful or undesirable forms of output,or it may seek to influence the quality of what is produced. (a) Business firms Free market Consumers (b) Business firms Market+ Consumers Government (c) Business firms →Market← Consumers ◆ Government as regulator Fig 6-1 The free market and states intervention in markets Fig.6-1 broadly summarizes these categories of free markets and markets subject to forms of state intervention.In Fig.6-1(a)the market is composed only of business firms and private consumers-it is a free market.In Fig.6-1(b),the production side of the market is composed of both firms and government.Here then the state has involved itself in the production of goods and -10-
《商务英语》 课后练习 IV. Reading Comprehension: One way in which economists characterize markets is according to the degree of influence that government has over them. A free market is one in which government has little or no influence. In a free market the key economic questions of what to produce, how and for whom will be decided mainly by interaction between individual consumers and private producers – usually business firms. Firms will respond to the demands or anticipated demands of consumers. However, where markets are not free, resource allocation usually becomes subject to some combination of influence by firms, consumers and government. State intervention in markets can take two broad forms: z The state may elect to produce directly some goods and services itself in tandem with or instead of production by private firms. z The state may choose not to produce goods and services directly in markets but to regulate markets in some way. There can be a wide variety of practice here. In the European Union agricultural production is heavily conditioned by financial subsidies paid by European governments to farmers. In fact, governments can and do choose to subsidize production by private producers in many markets. Conversely, instead of encouraging more production, governments may either try to limit what it considers to be harmful or undesirable forms of output, or it may seek to influence the quality of what is produced. Fig 6-1 The free market and states intervention in markets Fig. 6-1 broadly summarizes these categories of free markets and markets subject to forms of state intervention. In Fig. 6-1(a) the market is composed only of business firms and private consumers – it is a free market. In Fig. 6-1(b), the production side of the market is composed of both firms and government. Here then the state has involved itself in the production of goods and - 10 -
