蓬黄所大号 《商务英语》 授课教案 Chapter 15 FREE TRADE Objectives A.To review different types of international trade among countries in the world B.To understand better the definition and the importance of free trade C.To learn relevant expressions and language structure Introduction It is said that the benefits of free trade can be obtained only if states are willing to give up independence and autonomy to a certain degree,which has caused increased economic integration around the world with various trade agreements among countries.We will learn some forms of free trade in this lesson. 据认为，只有当一些国家自愿牺牲某种程度的独立自主，它们才能获得自由贸易的好处。这种通 过国家之间不同形式的贸易协定而对本国自主权益一定程度的放弃己经在世界上形成了与日俱增 的经济融合。本课将向我们讲述自由贸易的一些形式。 Main points of the text A.1.The definition of a free trade B.1.The definition of a customs union 2.The immediate and gradual elimination of tariff barriers C.1.The difference between free trade zone and customs union 2.The treaty of Montevideo D.1.Bonded warehouses Background and terminology
《商务英语》 授课教案 1 Chapter 15 FREE TRADE Objectives A. To review different types of international trade among countries in the world B. To understand better the definition and the importance of free trade C. To learn relevant expressions and language structure Introduction It is said that the benefits of free trade can be obtained only if states are willing to give up independence and autonomy to a certain degree, which has caused increased economic integration around the world with various trade agreements among countries. We will learn some forms of free trade in this lesson. 据认为，只有当一些国家自愿牺牲某种程度的独立自主，它们才能获得自由贸易的好处。这种通 过国家之间不同形式的贸易协定而对本国自主权益一定程度的放弃已经在世界上形成了与日俱增 的经济融合。本课将向我们讲述自由贸易的一些形式。 Main points of the text A. 1. The definition of a free trade B. 1. The definition of a customs union 2. The immediate and gradual elimination of tariff barriers C. 1. The difference between free trade zone and customs union 2. The treaty of Montevideo D. 1. Bonded warehouses Background and terminology
t生 尉卧喻蜀专大学 《商务英语》 授课教案 Customs Union 关税同盟 An international association organized to eliminate customs restrictions on goods exchanged between member nations and to establish a uniform tariff policy toward nonmember nations 两国或多国缔结协定，彼此取消原有关境，联合成为一个统一的关境，为相互间实行关税减免， 对其他国家采取统一关税率而结成的同盟。结成同盟的目的是为参加国产品提供共同的、更广泛 的市场，抵制其他国家商品进口。 Treaty of Rome Two international agreements signed in Rome in 1957 by Belgium,France, West Germany,Italy,Luxembourg,and the Netherlands.One established the European Economic Community;the other created the European Atomic Energy Community. Gibraltar直布罗陀 Gibraltar直布罗陀。直布罗陀岩西北端的英国殖民地，位于直布罗陀海峡西班牙中南部海岸的半 岛，在西班牙和北部非洲之间连接地中海和大西洋。直布罗陀在711年被阿拉伯人占领，并于1462 年转给西班牙。在西班牙王位继承战争中英国于1704年控制了直布罗陀，虽然西班牙一直重申要 求重获这个地区。该殖民地的人口29,648。 The European Union欧洲联盟 Organization of European countries dedicated to increasing economic integration and strengthening cooperation among its members.The European Union headquarters is in Brussels,Belgium. The European Union was formally established on November 1,1993.It is the most recent in a series of European cooperative organizations that originated with the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)of 1951,which became the European Community(EC)in 1967.The members of the EC were Belgium,Denmark,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,The Netherlands,Portugal, the United Kingdom,and Spain.In 1991 the governments of the 12 member states signed the Treaty on European Union (commonly called the Maastricht Treaty),which was then ratified by the national legislatures of all the member countries. 欧盟是当今世界一体化程度最高的区域政治、经济集团组织，其总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔。 欧盟现有25个成员国，分别为法国、德国、意大利、荷兰、比利时、卢森堡，丹麦、爱尔兰、英 国、希腊、西班牙、葡萄牙、奥地利、芬兰、瑞典。2004年5月1日后，欧盟新增10个成员国 一波兰、匈牙利、捷克、斯洛伐克、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、斯洛文尼亚、马耳他和塞 浦路斯。扩大后的欧盟面积达到400万平方公里，人口增至4.5亿，国内生产总值将超过10万亿 美元。 2
《商务英语》 授课教案 Customs Union 关税同盟 An international association organized to eliminate customs restrictions on goods exchanged between member nations and to establish a uniform tariff policy toward nonmember nations 两国或多国缔结协定，彼此取消原有关境，联合成为一个统一的关境，为相互间实行关税减免， 对其他国家采取统一关税率而结成的同盟。结成同盟的目的是为参加国产品提供共同的、更广泛 的市场，抵制其他国家商品进口。 Treaty of Rome Two international agreements signed in Rome in 1957 by Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. One established the European Economic Community; the other created the European Atomic Energy Community. Gibraltar 直布罗陀 Gibraltar 直布罗陀。直布罗陀岩西北端的英国殖民地，位于 直布罗陀海峡西班牙中南部海岸的半 岛，在西班牙和北部非洲之间连接地中海和大西洋。直布罗陀在 711 年被阿拉伯人占领，并于 1462 年转给西班牙。在西班牙王位继承战争中英国于 1704 年控制了直布罗陀，虽然西班牙一直重申要 求重获这个地区。该殖民地的人口 29,648。 The European Union 欧洲联盟 Organization of European countries dedicated to increasing economic integration and strengthening cooperation among its members. The European Union headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium. The European Union was formally established on November 1, 1993. It is the most recent in a series of European cooperative organizations that originated with the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) of 1951, which became the European Community (EC) in 1967. The members of the EC were Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and Spain. In 1991 the governments of the 12 member states signed the Treaty on European Union (commonly called the Maastricht Treaty), which was then ratified by the national legislatures of all the member countries. 欧盟是当今世界一体化程度最高的区域政治、经济集团组织，其总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔。 欧盟现有 25 个成员国，分别为法国、德国、意大利、荷兰、比利时、卢森堡，丹麦、爱尔兰、英 国、希腊、西班牙、葡萄牙、奥地利、芬兰、瑞典。2004 年 5 月 1 日后，欧盟新增 10 个成员国 ——波兰、匈牙利、捷克、斯洛伐克、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、斯洛文尼亚、马耳他和塞 浦路斯。扩大后的欧盟面积达到 400 万平方公里，人口增至 4.5 亿，国内生产总值将超过 10 万亿 美元。 2
莲肉纤黄大学 《商务英语》 授课教案 Language points to isolate (isolated) To keep apart,:separate from others,.separated from others,solitary or singular使孤立，使隔离，使脱 离，孤立的：分离的，隔离的 1.Several villages have been isolated by the floods. 洪水使得好几个村庄与外界隔离了。 2.Apart from a few isolated cases,we have managed to avoid delay in delivery. 除了一些个别情况，我们都设法避免了交货的延误。 adjacent close to;lying near,:very close,touching or almost touching邻近的，毗连…的 l.adjacent cities相邻的城市 2.The council offices are adjacent to the library. 市政会各办公室就在图书馆的旁边。 to assemble to fit together the parts or pieces of;to gather or collect together into a group or into one place;to put together装配，组合，组装，集合，聚集，收集 1.This bookcase is very easy to assemble. 这个书架很容易组装起来。 2.At the beginning of the day,we all assemble in the main hall to be addressed by the president of the university 清晨，我们集合在大礼堂听校长讲话。 to locate )to place at a certain location,station or situate,to find the position of,(常用于被动设置，使坐落于， 找到…的位置 1.The offices are conveniently located in the centre of the city. 办事处设在市中心很方便。 2.We have located the source of the signals. 我们己找到发出信号的地方了。 tariff duties or a duty imposed by a government on imported or exported goods 1.That country utilizes the tariff as a obstacle to free trade. 那个国家使用关税作为自由贸易的阻碍。 2.Tariff barrier is one of the means to limit the free flow of goods in the world. 3
《商务英语》 授课教案 3 Language points to isolate (isolated) To keep apart; separate from others; separated from others; solitary or singular 使孤立，使隔离，使脱 离，孤立的；分离的，隔离的 1. Several villages have been isolated by the floods. 洪水使得好几个村庄与外界隔离了。 2. Apart from a few isolated cases, we have managed to avoid delay in delivery. 除了一些个别情况，我们都设法避免了交货的延误。 adjacent close to; lying near; very close; touching or almost touching 邻近的，毗连…的 1. adjacent cities 相邻的城市 2. The council offices are adjacent to the library. 市政会各办公室就在图书馆的旁边。 to assemble to fit together the parts or pieces of; to gather or collect together into a group or into one place; to put together 装配，组合，组装，集合，聚集，收集 1. This bookcase is very easy to assemble. 这个书架很容易组装起来。 2. At the beginning of the day, we all assemble in the main hall to be addressed by the president of the university. 清晨，我们集合在大礼堂听校长讲话。 to locate )to place at a certain location; station or situate; to find the position of; (常用于被动设置，使...坐落于, 找到…… 的位置 1. The offices are conveniently located in the centre of the city. 办事处设在市中心很方便。 2. We have located the source of the signals. 我们已找到发出信号的地方了。 tariff duties or a duty imposed by a government on imported or exported goods 关税 1. That country utilizes the tariff as a obstacle to free trade. 那个国家使用关税作为自由贸易的阻碍。 2. Tariff barrier is one of the means to limit the free flow of goods in the world
裤尉6黄学 《商务英语》 授课教案 关税壁垒是世界上限制货物自由流通的方法之一。 barrier something that obstructs or impedes妨碍或阻碍物，壁垒 1.Intolerance is a barrier to understanding 偏狭是理解的一大障碍。 2.The Yangtze River is a natural barrier to the north-east. 长江是东北面的一道天然屏障。 to be subject (to) being in a position that places one under the power or authority of another or others;likely to be affected by something,especially something bad;depending on something in order to be completed or agreed; under the authority of服从的，支配的，易遭受..…的，取决于，视而定 1.All citizens in this nation are subject to the law. 这个国家的全体公民都必须服从法律。 2.Smokers are more subject to heart attacks than non-smokers 吸烟的人比不吸烟的人更容易犯心脏病。 3.The article is ready to publish,subject to your approval. 那篇文章准备好了，可以发表，就等你的批准。 4.All nuclear installations are subject to international safeguards. 一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。 to ease to give respite from;to become or to make less unpleasant,painful,severe etc;to move or to move slowly and carefully,:to make less tight and more relaxed延缓，从…获得缓解，减轻，小心移动， 放松， 1.The company eased the burden on their staff by hiring temporary help. 公司雇佣临时职员以减轻他们手下人员的负担。 2.She eased herself into the chair 她轻手轻脚地坐到椅子上。 3.Ease your grip on the wheel a little. 把握方向盘的手放松一点。 instead of in the place of代替，而不是. 1.If you cannot go,he'll go instead of you 如果你不能去，他愿替你去。 2.In this case you should claim compensation from the shipping company instead of the sellers. 在此情况下，你方应向船公司而不是向卖方索赔。 4
《商务英语》 授课教案 4 关税壁垒是世界上限制货物自由流通的方法之一。 barrier something that obstructs or impedes 妨碍或阻碍物，壁垒 1. Intolerance is a barrier to understanding. 偏狭是理解的一大障碍。 2. The Yangtze River is a natural barrier to the north-east. 长江是东北面的一道天然屏障。 to be subject （to） being in a position that places one under the power or authority of another or others; likely to be affected by something, especially something bad; depending on something in order to be completed or agreed; under the authority of 服从的，支配的，易遭受…… 的，取决于，视 而定 1. All citizens in this nation are subject to the law. 这个国家的全体公民都必须服从法律。 2. Smokers are more subject to heart attacks than non-smokers 吸烟的人比不吸烟的人更容易犯心脏病。 3. The article is ready to publish, subject to your approval. 那篇文章准备好了，可以发表，就等你的批准。 4. All nuclear installations are subject to international safeguards. 一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。 to ease to give respite from; to become or to make less unpleasant, painful, severe etc;to move or to move slowly and carefully; to make less tight and more relaxed 延缓，从…获得缓解, 减轻，小心移动， 放松， 1. The company eased the burden on their staff by hiring temporary help. 公司雇佣临时职员以减轻他们手下人员的负担。 2. She eased herself into the chair 她轻手轻脚地坐到椅子上。 3. Ease your grip on the wheel a little. 把握方向盘的手放松一点。 instead of in the place of 代替, 而不是… 1. If you cannot go, he'll go instead of you. 如果你不能去, 他愿替你去。 2. In this case you should claim compensation from the shipping company instead of the sellers. 在此情况下，你方应向船公司而不是向卖方索赔
尉卧喻蜀专大学 《商务英语》 授课教案 To refer to to mention or speak about,:to describe or be connected to;谈到，涉及，指（的是） 1.Keats is referring to epic poetry when he mentions Homer's 'proud demesne'. 当济慈提到荷马的骄傲的领域时，他指的是史诗。 2.This refers to our various orders for window glass. 本函要谈到我方各项窗用玻璃的订货。 to look at something or to ask a person for information参考，查阅 1.We should form the habit of referring to a dictionary when meeting new words 我们遇到生词应养成查字典的习惯。 2.For details please refer to the attachment to the contract. 详细情况，请参阅合同附件。 to regard.…as,to contribute something to认为与.有关，把..归因于 1.He referred his success to the good teaching he had had. 他把他的成功归于他以前所受的良好教育。 to provide for to make preparation to deal with something bad or unpleasant that might happen in the future做准备，f预 防 1.People tend to save to provide for old age 人们往往储蓄以防老。 2.The improvements in packing and presentation will add further value to the products which can provide for a wide range of tastes and requirements. 包装装潢的改进，会使产品的价值增加，并能适应广泛的爱好和要求。 to give things that they need to live,such as food,money or clothing提供生活费，提供生活所需，养 活 1.Traditionally,husband was supposed to provide for his family. 传统的观点认为，丈夫应养活其家人。 (of a law,rule etc)to make it possible for something to be done 1.It is provided for in the contract. 这是合同中所规定的。 2.The contract may provide for the exclusive use of the patent. 合同可规定专利权的独家使用。 to come/go/be brought be put into effect to cause something to come into use,.to begin to apply开始生效，使生效，实施 1.A new regulation comes into effect tomorrow
《商务英语》 授课教案 5 To refer to to mention or speak about; to describe or be connected to; 谈到, 涉及, 指（的是） 1. Keats is referring to epic poetry when he mentions Homer's 'proud demesne'. 当济慈提到荷马的'骄傲的领域'时,他指的是史诗。 2. This refers to our various orders for window glass. 本函要谈到我方各项窗用玻璃的订货。 to look at something or to ask a person for information 参考, 查阅 1. We should form the habit of referring to a dictionary when meeting new words. 我们遇到生词应养成查字典的习惯。 2. For details please refer to the attachment to the contract. 详细情况，请参阅合同附件。 to regard …as; to contribute something to 认为与...有关，把...归因于 1. He referred his success to the good teaching he had had. 他把他的成功归于他以前所受的良好教育。 to provide for to make preparation to deal with something bad or unpleasant that might happen in the future 做准备，预 防 1. People tend to save to provide for old age. 人们往往储蓄以防老。 2. The improvements in packing and presentation will add further value to the products which can provide for a wide range of tastes and requirements. 包装装潢的改进，会使产品的价值增加，并能适应广泛的爱好和要求。 to give things that they need to live, such as food, money or clothing 提供生活费，提供生活所需，养 活 1. Traditionally, husband was supposed to provide for his family. 传统的观点认为，丈夫应养活其家人。 (of a law, rule etc) to make it possible for something to be done 规定 1. It is provided for in the contract. 这是合同中所规定的。 2. The contract may provide for the exclusive use of the patent. 合同可规定专利权的独家使用。 to come/go/ be brought be put into effect to cause something to come into use; to begin to apply 开始生效，使生效，实施 1. A new regulation comes into effect tomorrow
莲肉纤黄大学 《商务英语》 授课教案 新法规明日生效。 2.The Agency Agreement will come into effect from December 1. 代理协议自12月1日起开始生效。 to be similar to like something but not exactly the same相像的，相似的 1.My new dress is similar to the one you have. 我的新衣服和你的那件相似。 2.Art.No.4803 is very similar to Art.No.4802 and is selling extremely well on European market. 4803号货与4802号货很相似，在欧洲市场非常畅销。 in that because因为 1.John didn't attend the meeting in that he was ill. 约翰没有出席会议，因为他病了。 to consist of 组成，构成，包括，由…组成 1.The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。 2.The components of the said device shall consist of the items listed. 上述装置应包括所列的部件。 However,they do offer an exporter the opportunity to defer payment of import duty and so ease its cash flow requirements.然而，他们的确提供给出口商一个机会，推迟他们缴纳进口税，以便缓 解其现金流动的需求。 “do offer.”结构中do作为助动词表示强调，例如： l.He did come after all!他毕竟还是来了！ so ease...中的so的含义为“为了；以便”，又如： l.I stayed so I could see you..我留下来以便能见到你。 A free trade zone is an isolated,enclosed area,many acres in size,usually adjacent to a sea port, into which a company can bring imported materials,parts and finished goods without payment of import duty..保税区是个孤立封闭的地区，面积达数英亩，通常邻近海港，公司可以不需缴纳进 口税而把进口的材料、零件及成品带到此区域。 into which a company can bring imported materials,parts and finished goods without payment of import duty是非限制性定语从句，同名词短语many acres in size及usually adjacent to a sea port共同修饰 先行词area
《商务英语》 授课教案 6 新法规明日生效。 2. The Agency Agreement will come into effect from December 1. 代理协议自 12 月 1 日起开始生效。 to be similar to like something but not exactly the same 相像的，相似的 1. My new dress is similar to the one you have. 我的新衣服和你的那件相似。 2. Art. No. 4803 is very similar to Art. No. 4802 and is selling extremely well on European market. 4803 号货与 4802 号货很相似，在欧洲市场非常畅销。 in that because 因为 1. John didn't attend the meeting in that he was ill. 约翰没有出席会议, 因为他病了。 to consist of 组成，构成，包括，由…组成 1. The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。 2. The components of the said device shall consist of the items listed. 上述装置应包括所列的部件。 However, they do offer an exporter the opportunity to defer payment of import duty and so ease its cash flow requirements.然而，他们的确提供给出口商一个机会，推迟他们缴纳进口税，以便缓 解其现金流动的需求。 “do offer…”结构中 do 作为助动词表示强调，例如： 1. He did come after all! 他毕竟还是来了！ so ease…中的 so 的含义为“为了；以便”，又如： 1. I stayed so I could see you. 我留下来以便能见到你。 A free trade zone is an isolated, enclosed area, many acres in size, usually adjacent to a sea port, into which a company can bring imported materials, parts and finished goods without payment of import duty. 保税区是个孤立封闭的地区，面积达数英亩，通常邻近海港，公司可以不需缴纳进 口税而把进口的材料、零件及成品带到此区域。 into which a company can bring imported materials, parts and finished goods without payment of import duty 是非限制性定语从句，同名词短语 many acres in size 及 usually adjacent to a sea port 共同修饰 先行词 area
延黄卧至所贺号羊 《商务英语》 授课教案 A customs union is an agreement between two or more countries that provides for the immediate or gradual elimination of tariff barriers between them and for the establishment of a common tariff on goods from outside countries..关税联盟是两个或多个国家之间达成的协议，规定在这些 国家之间立即或逐步取消关税壁垒，建立对从国外进口的商品征收统一的关税。 从句..that provides for the immediate or gradual elimination of tariff barriers..是agreement的同位 语。 One important,modern example of a customs union is now the European Union,the former European Economic Community,which came into effect on January 1,1958,as a result of the Treaty of Rome.一个重要的现代关税联盟例子是现在的欧洲联盟，以前的欧洲经济共同体，根据 罗马条约，该组织于1958年1月1日成立。 the former European Economic Community是前面the Europe Union的同位语，同时，该词组还被 其后which引导的非限制性定语从句所修饰。 An example of a free trade area is the Latin American Free Trade Association established in June 1961 by the treaty of Montevideo and now consisting of Argentina,Brazil,Chile,Colombia, Ecuador,,Mexico,Paraguay,.Peru,and Uruguay..自由贸易区的一个例子是1961年6月《蒙得维 的亚条约》中建立的拉美自由贸易协会，现在成员有阿根廷、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、 墨西哥、巴拉圭、秘鲁和乌拉圭。 过去分词短语established..和现在分词短语consisting..做Association定语，修饰Latin American Free Trade Association. Summary We can find out what is exactly meant by free trade,a free trade zone,a customs union and bonded warehouses.At the same time,we may have a better idea about different free trade zones in the world. Comprehension questions 1. What is a free trade zone? 2. What is a customs union? 3. What are the similarities and differences between a free trade zone and a customs union? 4. What is the function of bonded warehouses? 5. How do you understand the meaning of"free trade"?
《商务英语》 授课教案 7 A customs union is an agreement between two or more countries that provides for the immediate or gradual elimination of tariff barriers between them and for the establishment of a common tariff on goods from outside countries. 关税联盟是两个或多个国家之间达成的协议，规定在这些 国家之间立即或逐步取消关税壁垒，建立对从国外进口的商品征收统一的关税。 从句…that provides for the immediate or gradual elimination of tariff barriers…是 agreement 的同位 语。 One important, modern example of a customs union is now the European Union, the former European Economic Community, which came into effect on January 1, 1958, as a result of the Treaty of Rome. 一个重要的现代关税联盟例子是现在的欧洲联盟，以前的欧洲经济共同体，根据 罗马条约，该组织于 1958 年 1 月 1 日成立。 the former European Economic Community 是前面 the Europe Union 的同位语，同时，该词组还被 其后 which 引导的非限制性定语从句所修饰。 An example of a free trade area is the Latin American Free Trade Association established in June 1961 by the treaty of Montevideo and now consisting of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. 自由贸易区的一个例子是 1961 年 6 月《蒙得维 的亚条约》中建立的拉美自由贸易协会，现在成员有阿根廷、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、 墨西哥、巴拉圭、秘鲁和乌拉圭。 过去分词短语 established…和现在分词短语 consisting…做 Association 定语，修饰 Latin American Free Trade Association。 Summary We can find out what is exactly meant by free trade, a free trade zone, a customs union and bonded warehouses. At the same time, we may have a better idea about different free trade zones in the world. Comprehension questions 1. What is a free trade zone? 2. What is a customs union? 3. What are the similarities and differences between a free trade zone and a customs union? 4. What is the function of bonded warehouses? 5. How do you understand the meaning of “free trade”?