《英语精读》（英文版） Book Three Unit Two.doc_大学文库

about /of/that clause) e.g. Michael was confident that he would be enrolled by Harvard University The more familiar you are with this machine, the more confident you will about using it The soccer team is quite confident of being able to win this important game 4. give up: abandon an attempt to do sth e.g. He's given up smoking since his illness The rescue team had given up all hope of find ing the two divers alive She was working part-time but she suddenly gave up 5. ironically: it seems ironic(that) e.g. Ironically the widespread use of antibiotics seems to be causing a lot of unexpected health problems Ironically it is often the poorer people who give the most 6. racial: relating to a person's race, or different races of people e.g. Slavery is closely associated with racial prejudice, the belief that one race is Mandela was elected President in South africa's first multi-rac ial elections held in1994 7. stand up(for sb /sth ) speak, work, etc. in favor of sb /sth; support sb / sth e.g. You have to be prepared to stand up for the things you believe in Dont be afraid to stand up for yourself 8. historic: famous or important in history e.g. In his book, Churchill recalls that historic first meeting with roosevelt More money is needed for the preservation of historic buildings and monuments Cf historical e.g. Historical people, situations, or things existed in the past and are considered to be a part of history Many historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed 9. site: place where a building, town, etc. was, is, or will be situated e.g. The local government hasn't yet chosen the site for the new skyscraper There are many archaeological sites in southern England This monument marks the site of the battle 10. mission: particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group e.g. Some delegates were immediately sent to Israel. Their mission was to negotiate The five young people have been on a mission to help the Cambod ians 11. forge: ( fig)create by means of much hard work e.g. The two countries agreed to forge closer economic ties She forged a new career for herself as a singer 12. underground in or into secrecy or hiding e.g. His mother took him to Hong Kong where she worked in the underground communist movement For about thirty years the African National Congress(ANC)operated as an underground organization

about /of/that clause) e.g. Michael was confident that he would be enrolled by Harvard University. The more familiar you are with this machine, the more confident you will about using it. The soccer team is quite confident of being able to win this important game. 4. give up: abandon an attempt to do sth. e.g. He’s given up smoking since his illness. The rescue team had given up all hope of finding the two divers alive. She was working part-time but she suddenly gave up. 5. ironically: it seems ironic (that) e.g. Ironically the widespread use of antibiotics seems to be causing a lot of unexpected health problems. Ironically it is often the poorer people who give the most. 6. racial: relating to a person’s race, or different races of people e.g. Slavery is closely associated with racial prejudice, the belief that one race is superior to another. Mandela was elected President in South Africa’s first multi-racial elections, held in 1994. 7. stand up (for sb./sth.): speak, work, etc. in favor of sb./sth; support sb./sth. e.g. You have to be prepared to stand up for the things you believe in. Don’t be afraid to stand up for yourself. 8. historic: famous or important in history e.g. In his book, Churchill recalls that historic first meeting with Roosevelt. More money is needed for the preservation of historic buildings and monuments. Cf: historical e.g. Historical people, situations, or things existed in the past and are considered to be a part of history. Many historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed. 9. site: place where a building, town, etc. was, is, or will be situated e.g. The local government hasn’t yet chosen the site for the new skyscraper. There are many archaeological sites in southern England. This monument marks the site of the battle. 10. mission: particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group e.g. Some delegates were immediately sent to Israel. Their mission was to negotiate a ceasefire. The five young people have been on a mission to help the Cambodians. 11. forge: (fig)create by means of much hard work e.g. The two countries agreed to forge closer economic ties. She forged a new career for herself as a singer. 12. underground: in or into secrecy or hiding e.g. His mother took him to Hong Kong where she worked in the underground communist movement. For about thirty years the African National Congress (ANC) operated as an underground organization

STEP THREE Introduction a. Tell the Ss that in these two periods, we are going to learn some useful words and STEP FOUR: (80) 17. be intent on doing sth. be eager and determined to do sth e.g. Working day and night, Jane seems intent on breaking the record in the Guinness Book of record 18. peer: look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (followed by at/through/into etc e.g. Stephen had been peering at a computer printout that made no sense at all Hawking was a typical grind, underweight and awkward and peering through eye-glasses 19. decade: period of ten years e.g. Many countries were involved in Antarctica exploration during the first decades of the 20th century Education bud gets have been increased over the last decade in China 20. on the side: as an add itional job or source of income; secretly e.g. Some teachers have to find ways of making some money on the side In order to earn enough money to send his children to school, he makes a little money on the side by cleaning windows in his spare time 21. capture: capturing or being captured e.g. Rebel forces captured the city after a week-long battle Some of the terrorists who were involved in the 9.1levent were captured by the FBI At one time Peter took part in the capture of three thieves The International Whal ing Commission permits the capture of only 400 whales annually for scientific purpose 22. close in(on/around ): come near to, esp. in order to attack from several direction surround e.g. Hitler committed suicide as Soviet forces were closing n on Berlin Right after the suicide explosion, Israeli troops began to close in on the Palestinian 23. painful: causing pain; hurti e.g. Symptoms of pneumonia include painful cough, fever, difficulty in breathing, rapid breathing and chest pain The old photograph brought back painful memories of his childhood 4. religious: of religion e.g. Daoism(Taoism) is one of the three main Chinese religious and philosophical traditions, the others being Co nd Buddhism The local government wants to increase the amount of religious education in schools 25. conviction: firm opinion or belief e.g. The old woman had a firm conviction that there would be a better life after death

STEP THREE: Introduction ( 1’ ) a. Tell the Ss that in these two periods, we are going to learn some useful words and phrases. STEP FOUR: New Lesson ( 80’ ) Text A 17. be intent on doing sth. be eager and determined to do sth. e.g. Working day and night, Jane seems intent on breaking the record in the Guinness Book of Records. 18. peer: look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (followed by at/through/into, etc.) e.g. Stephen had been peering at a computer printout that made no sense at all. Hawking was a typical grind, underweight and awkward and peering through eye-glasses. 19. decade: period of ten years e.g. Many countries were involved in Antarctica exploration during the first decades of the 20th century. Education budgets have been increased over the last decade in China. 20. on the side: as an additional job or source of income; secretly e.g. Some teachers have to find ways of making some money on the side. In order to earn enough money to send his children to school, he makes a little money on the side by cleaning windows in his spare time. 21. capture: capturing or being captured e.g. Rebel forces captured the city after a week-long battle. Some of the terrorists who were involved in the 9.11event were captured by the FBI. At one time Peter took part in the capture of three thieves. The International Whaling Commission permits the capture of only 400 whales annually for scientific purpose. 22. close in(on/around): come near to, esp. in order to attack from several direction; surround e.g. Hitler committed suicide as Soviet forces were closing n on Berlin. Right after the suicide explosion, Israeli troops began to close in on the Palestinian city. 23. painful: causing pain; hurting e.g. Symptoms of pneumonia include painful cough, fever, difficulty in breathing, rapid breathing and chest pain. The old photograph brought back painful memories of his childhood. 24. religious: of religion e.g. Daoism (Taoism) is one of the three main Chinese religious and philosophical traditions, the others being Confucianism and Buddhism. The local government wants to increase the amount of religious education in schools. 25. conviction: firm opinion or belief e.g. The old woman had a firm conviction that there would be a better life after death

A non-believer, Tom doesn t have any religious convictions It is her personal conviction that all corruption should be exposed and dealt with accord ing to relevant lav 26. terminal:(building at the) end of a railway line, bus route, etc. a piece of equipment, usu. consisting of a keyboard and a screen, that connects the user with a computer system e.g. Most large airports have shops, restaurants, and banks in the terminal build ing, plus special lounges for departing passengers all staff have terminals attached to the company ' s main computer 27. Impose (1) place a(penalty, tax, etc. )official on sb /sth e.g. The govemment has made a decision to impose a further tax on wines and spirits The local government tried to impose fines on the factories which poured untreated waste into the river. (2)try to make sb. accept(an opinion or a belief) e.g. I wouldnt want to impose my religious conv It may not be wise for parents to impose their own tastes on their children 28. as for with regard to e.g. As for your request for a free sample, we will send it to you in about ten days Some people have comp lained, but as for me I'm perfectly satisfied with the 29. transport: take sth /sb. from one place to another in a vehicle e.g. Reducing the costs of transporting natural resources to production sites is one of the key factors in economic competition Pipelines are used mainly to transport liquids or gases over long distance 30 disguise: give sb /sth. a false appearance(used in the pattern disguise sb /sth as) e.g. She disguised herself as a man so she could fight on the battle field Jack escaped across the border disguised as a Catholic priest 31 abolish: end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc e.g. Slavery was not finally abolished in the British Empire until 1833 Their mission is to abolish the global fur industry permanently by utilizing appropriate legal and non-violent methods 32. make the best of: accept an unsatisfactory situation cheerfully and try to manage as well as e.g. I know it's cold and raining but we are here now, so lets just make the best of it The living conditions in the village were very poor, but we had to make the best of 33 compel: make(sb )do sth; force e.g. In the past children were frequently compelled to work from an early age A large debt burden compelled many developing countries to undertake stabilization and ad justment policies 34. at risk: threatened by the possibilities of loss, failure, etc; in danger e.g. It is reported that some areas in the west are at high risk of desertification The buildings in the slum tend to be overcrowded, inadequately served by water

A non-believer, Tom doesn’t have any religious convictions. It is her personal conviction that all corruption should be exposed and dealt with according to relevant laws. 26. terminal: (building at the) end of a railway line, bus route, etc. a piece of equipment, usu. consisting of a keyboard and a screen, that connects the user with a computer system e.g. Most large airports have shops, restaurants, and banks in the terminal building, plus special lounges for departing passengers. All staff have terminals attached to the company’s main computer. 27. impose: (1) place a (penalty, tax, etc.) official on sb./sth. e.g. The government has made a decision to impose a further tax on wines and spirits. The local government tried to impose fines on the factories which poured untreated waste into the river. (2) try to make sb. accept (an opinion or a belief) e.g. I wouldn’t want to impose my religious convictions on anyone. It may not be wise for parents to impose their own tastes on their children. 28. as for: with regard to e.g. As for your request for a free sample, we will send it to you in about ten days. Some people have complained, but as for me I’m perfectly satisfied with the working conditions here. 29. transport: take sth./sb. from one place to another in a vehicle e.g. Reducing the costs of transporting natural resources to production sites is one of the key factors in economic competition. Pipelines are used mainly to transport liquids or gases over long distances. 30. disguise: give sb./sth. a false appearance (used in the pattern disguise sb./sth.as) e.g. She disguised herself as a man so she could fight on the battle field. Jack escaped across the border disguised as a Catholic priest. 31. abolish: end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.) e.g. Slavery was not finally abolished in the British Empire until 1833. Their mission is to abolish the global fur industry permanently by utilizing appropriate legal and non-violent methods. 32. make the best of: accept an unsatisfactory situation cheerfully and try to manage as well as you can e.g. I know it’s cold and raining but we are here now, so let’s just make the best of it. The living conditions in the village were very poor, but we had to make the best of it. 33. compel: make (sb.) do sth; force e.g. In the past children were frequently compelled to work from an early age. A large debt burden compelled many developing countries to undertake stabilization and adjustment policies. 34. at risk: threatened by the possibilities of loss, failure, etc; in danger e.g. It is reported that some areas in the west are at high risk of desertification. The buildings in the slum tend to be overcrowded, inadequately served by water

STEP FOUR: New Lesson ( 80＇ ) a. Important structures in Text A 1. Carter’s devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride; it is about family honour. (1) more than 做连词短语时一般是引导表示比较关系的从句或短语，做介词短语时表示比较或做某事所用的时间，与某物的距离等等，文章中词组意思相当于 not only. e.g. He loves me more than you do. He can’t be more than fifteen. He is more than a good guy. (2) 与 more than 搭配的其他的一些词组 ① no more than=only e.g. I am broke. I have no more than 10 cents in my pocket. ② not more than=at most e.g. He doesn’t have more than 3 friends. ③ not/no more…than =not as/so…as e.g. He is no more a painter than a writer. He is no richer than you. 1. Josia Henson is but one name on a long name on a long list if courageous men and women who together forged the… *but (1) but 做介词通常放在 no one, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, all, every, anybody, anyone, anything 等代词后面，表示 only. e.g. Nobody but Ellen went to the funeral. You can marry anyone but my daughter. (2)but 做连词往往放在一个否定词后面，表示“除了，不同于”。 e.g. It never rains but it pours. (3) but 做副词表示“仅仅，只有，只”。 e.g. Hopes that lasted but a moment. He is but a child. 3. For the heroes of the Underground railroad remain too little remembered, their exploit still largely unsung. (1) remain 系动词，后面接表示某种状态的形容词或分词，表示“继续停留” 或“继续保持某种状态，关系或行为。” e.g. This place remains cool all summer. He remained silent. (2) unsung 分词做状语，表示行为方式或伴随发生的情况。 e.g. She had to work standing up. 4. The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color…. *(1) nothing but 仅仅，只不过 e.g. Nothing but a miracle can save her now. (2) nothing less than 完全，全部

e.g. His negligence was nothing less than criminal (3) nothing like绝对不,完全不象 e.g. It looks nothing like a horse is cooking is nothing like as good as yours (4) nothing more than只不过 e.g. It was nothing more than a shower b. Difficult sentences in Text a 1. For Josia Henson has lived on through the character in america fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tome, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Tome's Cabin ( For Josia Henson helped inspire Harriet Beecher Stowes novel Uncle Tomes Cabin, in which Uncle Tome was a long-suffering slave Josia Henson is thus still remembered through that character. 2.I had traveled here to hensons last home---now a historic site that carter formerly directed---to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African---American Moses (Henson's last home, which was once managed by Carter, is now a historic site. I traveled here to learn more about Henson, a man who was an African- American 2. And it's about time. For the heroes of the Underground railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung (It's time that the center was established because people today hardly remember the heroes of the Underground Railroad and almost haven't celebrated their heroic 4. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained in iron mold ing (*As he was determined to live his life free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding 5. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the grand Central Terminal of the Underground railroad ( Eventually three main escape routes met at the Coffin house, which gradually became the grand Central Terminal of the Underground railroad. c. Exercises of part ll STEP FIVE Consolidation Part Il. Text A 1. Comprehension Background knowledge (2)While-reading Go through the Text paragraph by paragraph *Point out the important structures and long sentences for further explanation later (3) Post-reading *Text Questions

e.g. His negligence was nothing less than criminal. (3) nothing like 绝对不，完全不象 e.g. It looks nothing like a horse. His cooking is nothing like as good as yours. (4) nothing more than 只不过 e.g. It was nothing more than a shower. b. Difficult sentences in Text A 1. For Josia Henson has lived on through the character in America fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tome, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tome’s Cabin. (*For Josia Henson helped inspire Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tome’s Cabin, in which Uncle Tome was a long-suffering slave. Josia Henson is thus still remembered through that character.) 2. I had traveled here to Henson’s last home---now a historic site that Carter formerly directed---to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African---American Moses. (*Henson’s last home, which was once managed by Carter, is now a historic site. I traveled here to learn more about Henson, a man who was an African-American Moses to a great extent.) 2. And it’s about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. (*It’s time that the center was established because people today hardly remember the heroes of the Underground Railroad and almost haven’t celebrated their heroic deeds.) 4. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding. (*As he was determined to live his life free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding.) 5. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad. (*Eventually three main escape routes met at the Coffin house, which gradually became the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad. ) c. Exercises of Part II STEP FIVE: Consolidation ( 10ˊ ) a. Summary Part II. Text A 1. Comprehension (1) Pre-reading * Background knowledge (2) While-reading * Go through the Text paragraph by paragraph *Point out the important structures and long sentences for further explanation later (3) Post-reading *Text Questions