《英语精读》（英文版） Book Four Unit Six.doc_大学文库

(2) Acid eats into the metal damaging its surface 6 aircraft: vehicle which can fly eg(1) The goal of air traffic control is to minimize the risk of aircraft collisions 2) The Boeing Company is the word's largest manufacturer of commercial airplanes and military aircraft 7 in reality in actual fact, really eg(1) Some famous private schools are theoretically open to the public, but in reality are attended by those who can afford the fees (2) He is much smaller in reality than he looks on the television 8 multiply increase in number or quantity, add a number to itself a particular number of times eg(1)The weeds just multiplied, and before long the garden was a jungle (2) Multiplying large quantities in one' s head has become a lost art since the al of the calculator 9 burden: heavy load eg(1)Many pupils find homework a burden (2) Some farmers are complaining about the heavy burden of taxation 10 fraction: small part, bit, amount or proportion eg (1)Only a small fraction of the population lived in that remote area 1 pour in: go into a place quickly and in large number wora (2) The black miners in South Africa used to earn only a fraction of the wages paid to white miners doing equivalent work eg(1)Tourists poured into Shanghai on National Day (2) Many football fans poured into the stadium to have a look at their favorite football players 12 a handful of a small number of eg(1)Only a handful of graduates have not found jobs so far (2) She scooped up a handful of snow and pressed it hard to make a ball 13 comparative involving comparison or comparing eg(1) Some sociologists have carried out large-scale historical-comparative studies (2)Ethology is a science concerned with the comparative study of animal beh avior 14 amount to: be equal to, add up to eg (1)in 1959 the combined value of Us imports and exports amounted to less than 9 ent of the country's gross domestic product (2)The tuition fee amounts to ten thousand yuan 15 minute: very small in size or amount eg(1)Only a minute amount of money is needed (2) Studies show that water contains minute quantities of lead (3)The tuition fee amounts to ten thousand yuan STEP FⅣVE Consolidation a. summa b. Practice

(2) Acid eats into the metal, damaging its surface 6 aircraft : vehicle which can fly eg (1) The goal of air traffic control is to minimize the risk of aircraft collisions (2) The Boeing Company is the word’s largest manufacturer of commercial airplanes and military aircraft 7 in reality : in actual fact, really eg (1) Some famous private schools are theoretically open to the public, but in reality are attended by those who can afford the fees (2) He is much smaller in reality than he looks on the television 8 multiply : increase in number or quantity, add a number to itself a particular number of times eg (1) The weeds just multiplied, and before long the garden was a jungle (2) Multiplying large quantities in one’s head has become a lost art since the arrival of the calculator 9 burden : heavy load eg (1) Many pupils find homework a burden (2) Some farmers are complaining about the heavy burden of taxation 10 fraction : small part, bit, amount or proportion eg (1) Only a small fraction of the population lived in that remote area (2) The black miners in South Africa used to earn only a fraction of the wages paid to white miners doing equivalent work 11 pour in : go into a place quickly and in large numbers eg (1)Tourists poured into Shanghai on National Day (2)Many football fans poured into the stadium to have a look at their favorite football players 12 a handful of : a small number of eg (1) Only a handful of graduates have not found jobs so far (2) She scooped up a handful of snow and pressed it hard to make a ball 13 comparative :involving comparison or comparing eg (1) Some sociologists have carried out large-scale historical-comparative studies (2) Ethology is a science concerned with the comparative study of animal behavior 14 amount to : be equal to, add up to eg (1) in 1959 the combined value of US imports and exports amounted to less than 9 percent of the country’s gross domestic product (2) The tuition fee amounts to ten thousand yuan 15 minute : very small in size or amount eg (1) Only a minute amount of money is needed (2) Studies show that water contains minute quantities of lead (3) The tuition fee amounts to ten thousand yuan STEP FIVE: Consolidation ( 7’ ) a. Summary b. Practice

eg(1) The visitor to Oxford has an abundance of sights to see (2) Most milk consists of an abundance of the major nutrients needs by the baby for good health 21 confusion: bewilderment or embarrassment eg(1)There is still confusion about the number of casualties (2)We always left our manager's office in a state of confusion 22 forecast: tell in advance, predict eg(1) The means of forecasting natural disasters, such as foods and hurricanes, have improved immensely as science and technology have advanced (2) Because the behavior of weather systems is chaotic, it is impossible to forecast the details of weather more than about two weeks in 23 volunteer: person who offers to do sth, without being compelled or paid eg(1)Some students served as volunteers to help the old and disabled in the community in their spare time (2) The charity agency will recruit volunteers to build affordable housing for the poor 24 perception way of seeing or understanding sth, ability to notice and understand things eg(1)Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy concemed with the essence and perception of beauty and ugliness (2) Our teachers also taught us how to increase the powers of perception 25 nurture: care for and educate a child, encourage the growth of sth, nourish eg(1) Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their child to adulthood (2) With one years observation the biologists have found how dolphin socialize, breed nurture their young and how they communicate 26 offspring child or children of a particular person or couple eg(1) Heredity is the process of transmitting biological traits from parent to offspring through genes 2)Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to their parent 27 appliance: instrument or device for a specific purpose eg (1)The Energy Department has set efficiency standards for new home appliances (2) The company has operations in many different business sectors including household appliance, aircraft engines and financial 28 distribution: the way in which people, building eg (1) The study of animal distribution is called zoogeography (2) Distribution of the goods is handled by local companies 29 famine: extreme scarcity of food in a region

eg (1) The visitor to Oxford has an abundance of sights to see (2) Most milk consists of an abundance of the major nutrients needs by the baby for good health 21 confusion : bewilderment or embarrassment eg (1) There is still confusion about the number of casualties (2) We always left our manager’s office in a state of confusion 22 forecast : tell in advance, predict eg (1) The means of forecasting natural disasters, such as floods and hurricanes, have improved immensely as science and technology have advanced (2) Because the behavior of weather systems is chaotic, it is impossible to forecast the details of weather more than about two weeks in advance 23 volunteer : person who offers to do sth, without being compelled or paid eg (1) Some students served as volunteers to help the old and disabled in the community in their spare time (2) The charity agency will recruit volunteers to build affordable housing for the poor 24 perception: way of seeing or understanding sth, ability to notice and understand things eg (1) Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy concerned with the essence and perception of beauty and ugliness (2) Our teachers also taught us how to increase the powers of perception 25 nurture : care for and educate a child, encourage the growth of sth, nourish eg (1) Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their child to adulthood (2) With one year’s observation the biologists have found how dolphins socialize, breed nurture their young and how they communicate 26 offspring: child or children of a particular person or couple eg (1) Heredity is the process of transmitting biological traits from parent to offspring through genes (2) Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to their parent 27 appliance : instrument or device for a specific purpose eg (1) The Energy Department has set efficiency standards for new home appliances (2) The company has operations in many different business sectors, including household appliance, aircraft engines and financial services 28 distribution: the way in which people, building eg (1) The study of animal distribution is called zoogeography (2) Distribution of the goods is handled by local companies 29 famine: extreme scarcity of food in a region

eg(1)China has succeeded in feeding its people, national attention to equity agriculture and birth control have significantly reduced the threat of famine (2) To eliminate famine and reduce malnutrition, attention needs to focus not only on food production but also on food distribution, consumption and family planning 30 widespread: found or distributed over a large area eg (1) The landscape of the American West was dramatically altered during the 20th century as a result of the widespread construction of dams along major rivers (2) The corrosive nature of acid rain causes widespread damage to the environ ment 31 provoke: cause sth to occur or arouse eg(1)People's concem over genetically modified food has provoked a global debate that shows no sign of ending soon (2) They argued that nato enlargement could provoke Russian hostility and lead to regional instability 32 a variety of: a lot of a particular type of things that are different from each othel eg (1)My students come from a variety of different from each other (2)There is a variety of excellent schools in the area 33 streamline: make sth more efficient and effective, give a streamlined from to eg(1)Corporate mergers can result in job losses because management combines and streamlines departments within the newly merged companies (2) Some racing cars are streamlined for speed and are single-seated 34 growth: growing, development eg() Statistics show that the pace of population growth may continue to (2)Industrial growth depends on the availability of both finance capital and physical capita 35 domestic: of the home household or family eg(1)Police and hospital records indicate that the majority of victims of domestic violence are women 2) GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product 36 forum: an assembly, place, radio program etc eg (1) The school authorities will provide a forum where problems can be discussed (2) The producers of the TV program Time intended it to be a forum for public 37 spring up: appear, develop grow etc quickly eg(1)New professional training schools sprang up all over the country (2) Fast food restaurants are spring up from nowhere

eg (1) China has succeeded in feeding its people, national attention to equity, agriculture and birth control have significantly reduced the threat of famine (2) To eliminate famine and reduce malnutrition, attention needs to focus not only on food production but also on food distribution, consumption and family planning 30 widespread: found or distributed over a large area eg (1) The landscape of the American West was dramatically altered during the 20th century as a result of the widespread construction of dams along major rivers (2) The corrosive nature of acid rain causes widespread damage to the environment 31 provoke: cause sth to occur or arouse eg (1) People’s concern over genetically modified food has provoked a global debate that shows no sign of ending soon (2) They argued that NATO enlargement could provoke Russian hostility and lead to regional instability 32 a variety of: a lot of a particular type of things that are different from each other eg (1) My students come from a variety of different from each other (2) There is a variety of excellent schools in the area 33 streamline : make sth more efficient and effective, give a streamlined from to sth eg (1) Corporate mergers can result in job losses because management combines and streamlines departments within the newly merged companies (2) Some racing cars are streamlined for speed and are single-seated 34 growth: growing, development eg (1) Statistics show that the pace of population growth may continue to increase (2) Industrial growth depends on the availability of both finance capital and physical capital 35 domestic: of the home, household or family eg (1) Police and hospital records indicate that the majority of victims of domestic violence are women (2) GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product 36 forum: an assembly, place, radio program etc eg (1) The school authorities will provide a forum where problems can be discussed (2) The producers of the TV program Time intended it to be a forum for public debate 37 spring up: appear, develop grow etc quickly eg (1) New professional training schools sprang up all over the country (2) Fast food restaurants are spring up from nowhere