CHAPTER2:遗祠和造句 DICTION AND SYNTAX Diction:choice of words Syntax:(rules for the)arrangement of words into phrases and phrases into sentences
Diction: choice of words Syntax: (rules for the)arrangement of words into phrases and phrases into sentences
"You can't make a poem with ideas;you make it with words!
“You can’t make a poem with ideas; you make it with words!
Like the celebrated painter,some people assume that all it takes to make a poem is a bright idea.Poems state ideas,to be sure,and sometimes the ideas are invaluable;and yet the most impressive idea in the word will not make a poem, unless its words are selected and arranged with loving art
+ Like the celebrated painter, some people assume that all it takes to make a poem is a bright idea. Poems state ideas, to be sure, and sometimes the ideas are invaluable; and yet the most impressive idea in the word will not make a poem, unless its words are selected and arranged with loving art
CONCRETE VS.ABSTRACT Concrete words refer to what we can immediately perceive with our senses:dog,actor,chemical,or particular individuals who belong to those general classes
+ Concrete words refer to what we can immediately perceive with our senses: dog, actor, chemical, or particular individuals who belong to those general classes
Abstract words express ideas or concepts:love,time,truth. In abstracting,we leave out some characteristics found in each individual,and instead observe a quality common to many
+ Abstract words express ideas or concepts: love, time, truth. + In abstracting, we leave out some characteristics found in each individual, and instead observe a quality common to many
The word beauty,for instance, denotes what may be observed in many persons,places,and things
+ The word beauty, for instance, denotes what may be observed in many persons, places, and things
Ezra Pound gave a famous piece of advice to his fellow poets:"Go in fear of abstractions." This is not to say that a poet cannot employ abstract words,nor that all poems have to be about physical things
+ Ezra Pound gave a famous piece of advice to his fellow poets: “Go in fear of abstractions. ” + This is not to say that a poet cannot employ abstract words, nor that all poems have to be about physical things
Think about the poems we have learned and pay attention to concrete words that point to physical details and solid objects. The Lake Isle of Innisfree
+ Think about the poems we have learned and pay attention to concrete words that point to physical details and solid objects. + The Lake Isle of Innisfree
Before we realize the theme of the poem,we have to notice details:a small cabin,nine bean rows,a glade loud with bees,lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore,the gray pavement... +The use of these concrete(具体的) rather than abstract(抽象的)words makes clear what the poem is saying
+ Before we realize the theme of the poem, we have to notice details: a small cabin, nine bean rows, a glade loud with bees, lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore, the gray pavement… + The use of these concrete(具体的 ) rather than abstract(抽象的 ) words makes clear what the poem is saying
+ 胡益：“凡是好待，都是具体 的；越偏向具休的，越有待意 诗味。凡是好诗，都能使我们 脑子里发生一种或多种明显的 通人的映像
+胡适： “凡是好诗，都是具体 的；越偏向具体的，越有诗意 诗味。凡是好诗，都能使我们 脑子里发生一种或多种明显的 逼人的映像。